Predictive Value of IDEAL-IQ and DWI Imaging Biomarkers for P53 Mutations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate the application of imaging biomarkers, including R2*, Fat Fraction (FF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, obtained through Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation for Imaging Quantification (IDEAL-IQ) and DWI techniques, in differentiating P53-mutated and non-mutated HCC.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with pathologically confirmed HCC between January 2019 and July 2024. HCC were divided into P53-mutated group and non-mutated group by immunostaining.

Transient hepatic intensity differences: correlations with treatment outcomes and adverse events following DEB-TACE in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Transient hepatic intensity differences (THID) on MRI are commonly observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients following drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE). We evaluated the association between THID, treatment outcomes, and adverse events in HCC patients treated with DEB-TACE.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective analysis included data from a prospective study conducted with 102 consecutive HCC patients treated with DEB-TACE between December 2017 and December 2020.

Multinational Attitudes Toward AI in Health Care and Diagnostics Among Hospital Patients.

Importance: The successful implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care depends on its acceptance by key stakeholders, particularly patients, who are the primary beneficiaries of AI-driven outcomes.

Objectives: To survey hospital patients to investigate their trust, concerns, and preferences toward the use of AI in health care and diagnostics and to assess the sociodemographic factors associated with patient attitudes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study developed and implemented an anonymous quantitative survey between February 1 and November 1, 2023, using a nonprobability sample at 74 hospitals in 43 countries.

Erratum: Image-guided Pro-angiogenic Therapy in Diabetic Stroke Mouse Models Using a Multi-modal Nanoprobe: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.9525.

The nVR model: prediction of LI-RADS treatment response nonviable recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after primary transarterial chemoembolization.

Objectives: This study aims to build a prediction model based on MRI features and clinical characteristics for early tumor recurrence (< 12 months) in lesions which evaluated as LR-TR nonviable at first follow up (1-2 months) after transaterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent initial TACE from five centers between February 2015 and October 2022. Additionally, patients from a completed clinical trial (NCT03113955) were also included for this retrospective analysis.

A nationwide investigation on imaging follow-up after Locoregional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in China: Current practices and challenges.

Purpose: To investigate the perspectives of interventional radiologists in China on imaging follow-up protocols and adherence to treatment response criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following locoregional therapies (LRT), with a particular focus on identifying gaps and proposing strategies to bridge the discrepancy between clinical guidelines and real-world practice.

Materials And Methods: The web-based survey was conducted among members of Chinese Society of Radiology and Zhongda Radiology Alliance between 1st October 2024 to 30th November 2024, via WPS Office survey tool. The frequencies and percentages of responses were summarized as n (%), and a chi-squared test was employed to compare the responses among diagnostic radiologists, interventional radiologists, and interventional physicians.

TRACE Model: Predicting Treatment Response to Transarterial Chemoembolization in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: To develop and validate a predictive model for predicting six-month outcome by integrating pretreatment MRI features and one-month treatment response after TACE.

Methods: A total of 108 patients with 160 hCCs from a single-arm, multicenter clinical trial (NCT03113955) were analyzed and served as the training cohort. An external multicenter dataset (ChiCTR2100046020) consisting of 63 patients with 99 hCCs served as the test dataset.

Dynamic changes of radiological and radiomics patterns based on MRI in viable hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) change patterns of viable hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) following the initial transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of HCC patients' initial TACE from February 2015 to October 2022 across three centers and a clinical trial (NCT03113955) was conducted. The viability of residual HCCs at one and six months after TACE was evaluated using the LI-RADS Treatment Response Algorithm (LR-TRA) v2024.

LI-RADS Nonradiation Treatment Response Algorithm Version 2024: Diagnostic Performance and Impact of Ancillary Features.

LI-RADS Treatment Response Algorithm (TRA) version 2024 (v2024) introduced separate algorithms for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) viability after radiation and nonradiation locoregional therapies (LRTs). The nonradiation algorithm incorporated MRI-based ancillary features to optionally upgrade lesions from LR-TR Equivocal to LR-TR Viable. The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of LI-RADS Nonradiation TRA v2024 with that of LI-RADS TRA version 2017 (v2017) and modified RECIST (mRECIST) for evaluating HCC response to LRT on MRI, with attention given to the impact of ancillary features.

Fully automated hybrid approach on conventional MRI for triaging clinically significant liver fibrosis: A multi-center cohort study.

Establishing reliable noninvasive tools to precisely diagnose clinically significant liver fibrosis (SF, ≥F2) remains an unmet need. We aimed to build a combined radiomics-clinic (CoRC) model for triaging SF and explore the additive value of the CoRC model to transient elastography-based liver stiffness measurement (FibroScan, TE-LSM). This retrospective study recruited 595 patients with biopsy-proven liver fibrosis at two centers between January 2015 and December 2021.

Corrigendum to 'Predicting post-resection recurrence by integrating imaging-based surrogates of distinct vascular patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma' (JHEP Reports 5 [2023] 100806).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.

is a virus resistance gene in .

Introduction: Signal peptide peptidase () is an intramembrane protease involved in a variety of biological processes, it participates in the processing of signal peptides after the release of the nascent protein to regulate the endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, binds misfolded membrane proteins, and aids in their clearance process. Additionally, it regulates normal immune surveillance and assists in the processing of viral proteins. Although is essential for many viral infections, its role in silkworms remains unclear.

From gut to brain: understanding the role of microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease.

With the proposal of the "biological-psychological-social" model, clinical decision-makers and researchers have paid more attention to the bidirectional interactive effects between psychological factors and diseases. The brain-gut-microbiota axis, as an important pathway for communication between the brain and the gut, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. This article reviews the mechanism by which psychological disorders mediate inflammatory bowel disease by affecting the brain-gut-microbiota axis.

TPA: Two-stage progressive attention segmentation framework for hepatocellular carcinoma on multi-modality MRI.

Background: Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and measurement of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The multi-modality information contained in the multi-phase images of DCE-MRI is important for improving segmentation. However, this remains a challenging task due to the heterogeneity of HCC, which may cause one HCC lesion to have varied imaging appearance in each phase of DCE-MRI.

Diagnostic performance of MRI for residual or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after locoregional treatment according to contrast agent type: a systematic review and meta‑analysis.

Purpose: The ideal contrast agent for imaging patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following locoregional therapies (LRT) remains uncertain. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging with extracellular contrast agent (ECA-MRI) and hepatobiliary agent (EOB-MRI) in detecting residual or recurrence HCC following LRT.

Methods: Original studies comparing the diagnostic performance of ECA-MRI and EOB-MRI were systematically identified through comprehensive searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases.

Effects of Low-Osmolar Contrast Media on Long-Term Renal Impairment After Coronary Angiography: Iohexol Versus Iopromide.

To investigate the long-term effects of 2 commonly used low-osmolar contrast media, iohexol and iopromide, on renal function and survival in patients who underwent coronary angiography. A total of 14,141 cardiology patients from 2006 to 2013 were recruited, of whom 1,793 patients (679 patients on iohexol and 1,114 on iopromide) were evaluated for long-term renal impairment and 5,410 patients (1,679 patients on iohexol and 3,731 on iopromide) were admitted for survival analyses spanning as long as 15 years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the risk factors for long-term renal impairment.

Predicting post-resection recurrence by integrating imaging-based surrogates of distinct vascular patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Distinct vascular patterns, including microvascular invasion (MVI) and vessels encapsulating tumour clusters (VETC), are associated with poor outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Imaging surrogates of these vascular patterns potentially help to predict post-resection recurrence. Herein, a prognostic model integrating imaging-based surrogates of these distinct vascular patterns was developed to predict postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with HCC.

Predicting Microvascular Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using CT-based Radiomics Model.

Background Prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) may help determine treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Purpose To develop a radiomics approach for predicting MVI status based on preoperative multiphase CT images and to identify MVI-associated differentially expressed genes. Materials and Methods Patients with pathologically proven HCC from May 2012 to September 2020 were retrospectively included from four medical centers.

Added value of chest CT images to a personalized prognostic model in acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective study.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a critical disease in the intensive care unit (ICU) with high morbidity and mortality. The accuracy for predicting ARDS patients' outcome with mechanical ventilation is limited, and most based on clinical information.

Methods: The patients diagnosed with ARDS between January 2014 and June 2019 were retrospectively recruited.

Novel small-molecule compound VCP979 attenuates renal fibrosis in male rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Renal fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease, while efficient therapy against renal fibrosis is still lacking. In this study, we investigated the role of a novel small-molecule compound VCP979 on renal fibrosis and inflammation in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). One week after the UUO surgery, rats were administered VCP979 by gavage for one week, and after treatment, magnetic resonance imaging of T1rho mapping and histopathological analysis were performed to evaluate renal fibrosis and .

Beyond collaterals: brain frailty additionally improves prediction of clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the additional significance of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) beyond collaterals in determining the clinical outcome after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed large vessel-involved stroke patients who had baseline CTA within 24 h after symptom onset and had an MRI scan 5 days after admission from October 1, 2018, to October 31, 2021. Collaterals and SVD markers (including atrophy, leukoaraiosis, lacunes, and perivascular space) were graded on CT angiography and MR images, respectively.

Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Negatively Correlates With Cardiomyocyte Breadth in a Healthy Porcine Model.

Background: The extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used to evaluate myocardial fibrosis. However, due to the limited histological verification in healthy individuals, it remains unclear whether the size of cardiomyocytes may play a potential role in the physiological changes of ECV. The aim of this study was to examine the association between cardiomyocyte size and myocardial ECV by using a healthy porcine model.

Preoperative Microvascular Invasion Prediction to Assist in Surgical Plan for Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Better Together with Radiomics.

Background: Prediction models with or without radiomic analysis for microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported, but the potential for model-predicted MVI in surgical planning is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of predicted MVI on early recurrence after anatomic resection (AR) and non-anatomic resection (NAR) to assist surgical strategies.

Methods: Patients with a single HCC of 2-5 cm receiving curative resection were enrolled from 2 centers.

Telmisartan ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and diastolic function in cardiorenal heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major contributor to the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), whereas the underlying mechanism of cardiorenal HFpEF is still elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cardiac fibrosis in a rat model of cardiorenal HFpEF and explore whether treatment with Telmisartan, an inhibitor of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), can ameliorate cardiac fibrosis and preserve diastolic function in cardiorenal HFpEF. Male rats were subjected to 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (SNX) or sham operation (Sham), and rats were allowed four weeks to recover and form a stable condition of CKD.