Fault identification for rolling bearing based on ITD-ILBP-Hankel matrix.

When a failure occurs in bearings, vibration signals are characterized by strong non-stationarity and nonlinearity. Therefore, it is difficult to sufficiently dig fault features. 1D local binary pattern (1D-LBP) has the advantageous feature to effectively extract local information of signals.

A Trench Heterojunction Diode-Integrated 4H-SiC LDMOS with Enhanced Reverse Recovery Characteristics.

In this paper, a novel 4H-SiC LDMOS structure with a trench heterojunction in the source (referred as to THD-LDMOS) is proposed and investigated for the first time, to enhance the reverse recovery performance of its parasitic diode. Compared with 4H-SiC, silicon has a smaller band energy, which results in a lower built-in potential for the junction formed by P+ polysilicon and a 4N-SiC N-drift region. A trench P+ polysilicon is introduced in the source side, forming a heterojunction with the N-drift region, and this heterojunction is unipolar and connected in parallel with the body PiN diode.

Numerical Simulation Study on Non-Axisymmetric Die-Less Spinning with a Right-Angle Groove in the Tube.

To address the challenges of non-axisymmetric tube spinning, this study employs finite element simulations to validate a novel spinning method for right-angle groove tubes. Three forming schemes with distinct roller path geometries were designed and analyzed using Simufact Forming, with 6063-O aluminum alloy tubes serving as the research material. The simulation results indicate that multi-pass forming (Schemes I and II) significantly enhances wall thickness uniformity compared to single-pass forming (Scheme III).

Study on Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of Fiber/Al-Li Laminates Under Typical Overload.

Fiber metal laminates are applied in aerospace equipment due to their excellent crack propagation performance. However, during the service process of fiber metal laminates, the coupling between overload effect and fiber bridging effect makes the crack propagation behavior complex, which makes it difficult to predict. Addressing this issue, the fatigue crack propagation behavior of Fiber/Al-Li laminates under typical overload conditions was analyzed and predicted in this paper.

IF-MMCL: an individual focused network with multi-view and multi-modal contrastive learning for cross-subject emotion recognition.

Electroencephalography (EEG) usage in emotion recognition has garnered significant interest in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. Nevertheless, in order to develop an effective model for emotion identification, features need to be extracted from EEG data in terms of multi-view. In order to tackle the problems of multi-feature interaction and domain adaptation, we suggest an innovative network, IF-MMCL, which leverages multi-modal data in multi-view representation and integrates an individual focused network.

YOLO-GL for efficient multi-target detection in large FOV via hierarchical feature fusion.

In modern industrial construction sites, safety inspection tasks face challenges such as large-scale variations and complex multi-object detection scenarios, particularly in detecting critical safety indicators like flames, smoke, personnel attire, and operational behaviors. To address these limitations, this paper proposes YOLO-GL, an enhanced detection network featuring three key innovations: (1) a redesigned Parallelized Local-Global Multi-Level Fusion Module (C2f_gl) with a local-global attention mechanism for improved multi-scale feature representation; (2) a hierarchical feature fusion architecture; and (3) an adaptive feature fusion shuffling module (Multi-Scale Fusion Module and Adaptive Channel Shuffling Module, MSF&ACS) for dynamic optimization of cross-scale semantic relationships. Extensive experiments on composite datasets combining public benchmarks and industrial site collections demonstrate that YOLO-GL achieves state-of-the-art performance, improving mAP@0.

Mechanical Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of a Combined Gradient BCC Lattice Structure: A Numerical Study.

As a new functional graded lattice structure construction strategy, the relative density gradient strategy has a promising future due to its ease of realization in various lattice structures. This paper proposes a BCC lattice structure combining two different lattice single cells. Based on this, the single cells of different structures are assigned different relative density gradients, resulting in 18 combined gradient lattice structures.

How to enhance photocatalytic efficiency for tetracycline degradation in natural aquatic environments using oxygen-vacancy-modified BiOI/BiOBr Composites: coupling DFT simulations with experiments.

Oxygen vacancies could be induced into the heterojunction structure of BiOI/BiOBr via high-temperature calcination. Light absorption, charge transfer efficiency, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism are all intimately connected to oxygen vacancies. Density-functional theory simulations demonstrate that surface oxygen vacancies adsorb oxygen to active sites, whereas bulk oxygen vacancies activate oxygen adsorbed to the surface to reactive radicals.

Consumer willingness to pay for green express packaging in e-commerce: an eye-tracking experiment analysis.

With the rapid development of e-commerce, packaging waste has surged, making green express packaging (GEP) a key component of sustainable logistics promotion. This study investigates the influence of product types (search goods vs. experienced goods), price sensitivity, and environmental awareness on consumers' willingness to pay for GEP.

Effect of emotion on hawk-dove game for two players with different strength.

Players' emotion greatly affect their behaviors in conflicts but is usually ignored in current Hawk-Dove games. To describe the game more realistically, a strength gap is defined as a difference between two players' strength coefficients and is employed to propose an asymmetric hawk-dove game. A rank-dependent expected utility theory is also employed to describe the effects of players' emotion on their decisions.

Variations in wetland soil labile organic carbon fractions and microbial characteristics along urban-rural gradients in Shenyang city.

Soil labile organic carbon (LOC) fractions can respond rapidly to environmental changes and are crucial for soil carbon cycling. However, there are limited studies on the distribution of soil LOC fractions in urban wetlands along the urban-rural gradient. Understanding the dynamic changes in LOC fractions associated with microbial mechanisms in urban wetlands can inform management practices aimed at maximizing carbon storage in urban wetlands.

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of waste battery separators with limited removal of the AlO layer for selective aromatic hydrocarbons production over HZSM-5 catalyst.

Waste battery separators typically feature a "sandwich" structure made of plastic substrates and AlO layers, which are stable and difficult to degrade or recycle. To address this, a novel method was developed for the directional degradation and high-value conversion of waste plastics, combining alkaline pretreatment with catalytic pyrolysis, promoting the efficient and valuable recycling of waste battery separators. Specifically, alkaline washing was applied for the pretreatment of the AlO-layered separators to control the limited removal of the AlO layer.

Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Break-up Distress Scale for college students.

Objective: This study aimed to revise the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Break-up Distress Scale (BDS) for college students.

Methods: A total of 669 college students with breakup experience in the last 6 months were selected using the online survey platform Questionnaire Star and randomly divided into two groups: Sample 1 for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Sample 2 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Depression, anxiety, and sleep subscales of the DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-Adult were used as criterion tools.

Design of a Superhydrophobic Photothermal Shape-Memory Material Based on Carbon-Nanotubes-Doped Resin for Anti-Icing/De-Icing Applications.

Icing on power lines and wings can cause serious economic damage and safety hazards. While superhydrophobic materials show promise for anti-icing applications, their passive anti-icing mechanisms require external energy activation, highlighting the need for the development of active de-icing materials with energy-to-heat conversion capabilities. Here, we developed three photothermal superhydrophobic shape-memory polymers with anti-icing performance (PSSPs), with 3%, 5%, and 7% CNT doping ratios, through a two-step process: resin preparation and laser-processing modification.

Detection and analysis of fatigue flight features using the fusion of pilot motion behavior and EEG information.

Objectives: Pilots are susceptible to fatigue during flight operations, posing significant risks to flight safety. However, single-feature-based detection methods often lack accuracy and robustness.

Methods: This study proposes a fatigue classification approach that integrates EEG features and motion behavior features to enhance fatigue recognition and improve aviation safety.

Self-knowledge distillation for prediction of breast cancer molecular subtypes based on digital breast tomosynthesis.

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of self-knowledge distillation (self-KD) with progressive refinement in the early prediction of molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images. This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 368 patients who underwent breast DBT and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at our hospital. Among these patients, 303 underwent DBT scans and 119 underwent MRI scans.

A study of gene expression programming algorithm for dynamically adjusting the parameters of genetic operators.

The fast developments in artificial intelligence together with evolutionary algorithms have not solved all the difficulties that Gene Expression Programming (GEP) encounters when maintaining population diversity and preventing premature convergence. Its restrictions block GEP from successfully handling high-dimensional along with complex optimization problems. This research develops Dynamic Gene Expression Programming (DGEP) as an algorithm to control genetic operators dynamically thus achieving improved global search with increased population diversity.

Single-Atom Mediated d-Band Engineering of Platinum Nanocatalysts for High-Efficiency Acidic Hydrogen Evolution.

The rational construction of single-atom-mediated Pt catalysts with optimized electronic structures and robust stability remains a grand challenge for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, spatial confinement coupled with a d-band engineering strategy is pioneered to fabricate cobalt single-atom coordinated Pt nanocatalysts (Pt@Co-SAs/NC), achieving exceptional HER activity with ultralow Pt loading (0.94 wt%).

Upcycling of Waste Fluororubber to Photocurable High-Performance Vinyl-Terminated Liquid Fluororubber by Multifield Coupling One-Pot Stepwise Reactions.

To address the challenges of recycling and high-value utilization of waste fluororubbers, an effective method is reported for producing novel photocurable vinyl-terminated liquid fluororubbers (VTLF) with elevated fluorine content (63.1%), superior temperature resistance (T = 335 °C) from commercial waste fluororubbers. The approach employs a streamlined, multifaceted system (oxidative degradation/condensation reaction) integrating microwave, mechanical, and steady-state temperature fields.

Visual-language foundation models in medical imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic and analytical applications.

Background And Objective: Visual-language foundation models (VLMs) have garnered attention for their numerous advantages and significant potential in AI-aided diagnosis and treatment, driving widespread applications in medical tasks. This study analyzes and summarizes the value and prospects of VLMs, highlighting their groundbreaking opportunities in healthcare.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024575746), included studies from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and IEEE from inception to December 31, 2024.

Combined CNN-BiLSTM-Att tourism flow prediction based on VMD-MWPE decomposition reconstruction.

Predicting tourist flow is crucial for making effective management decisions at scenic spots. To further improve the accuracy of scenic passenger flow prediction, the current study proposed a data preprocessing approach that combines variational modal decomposition (VMD) with multiscale weighted permutation entropy (MWPE). Additionally, a tourist flow prediction method was introduced, utilizing a combination of bi-layer convolution, bidirectional long short-term memory, and an attention mechanism (CNN-BiLSTM-Att).

Study on surface quality of GH4169 superalloy milling with ultrasonic synergistic nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication.

GH4169 superalloy is extensively utilized in aerospace applications due to their exceptional high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance properties. However, its high hardness presents significant machining challenges, including rapid tool wear and poor surface quality. This study introduces ultrasonic synergistic nanofluid minimal quantity lubrication milling (USNMQLM) technology to address these machining difficulties and enhance surface integrity.

In-situ catalytic hydrogenation-liquefaction of lignin: Role of heat and mass transfer.

A novel method that combined in-situ hydrogenation-liquefaction and intensified heat and mass transfer was proposed for efficient catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin. The strategy enhanced heat and mass transfer, significantly accelerating lignin conversion from 79.30 wt% to 89.

The Influence of the Annular Nozzle's Structural Parameters on Powder Stream Convergence for Laser-Directed Energy Deposition.

Laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) technology is increasingly used in the manufacturing industry, in which the powder convergence of the feeding nozzle affects the accuracy and quality of additive manufacturing parts. However, there is nothing in the literature that gives a comprehensive optimization scheme for the powder feeding structure of the ring nozzle. In order to investigate the effect of the internal structure for the annular nozzle on powder convergence, in this paper, finite element analysis models for the annular nozzle are established, and the Lagrangian-Eulerian method is used to analyze the influence of different outlet shapes, powder feeding inclination angles, outlet gaps, and inlet shapes of annular nozzles on the powder convergence.