Autonomous air combat decision making via graph neural networks and reinforcement learning.

With the rapid advancement of technology, aerial interaction patterns have become increasingly complex, making intelligent air combat a prominent and cutting-edge research area in multi-agent systems. In this context, the dynamic and uncertain nature of large-scale air combat scenarios poses significant challenges, including scalability issues, computational complexity, and decision-making difficulties in multi-agent collaborative decision-making. To address these challenges, we propose a novel multi-aircraft autonomous decision-making approach based on graphs and multi-agent reinforcement learning (MADRL) under zero-order optimization, implemented through the GraphZero-PPO algorithm.

DFT studies on effects of aminopropyl modification on CO adsorption properties of cellulose.

CO emission from fossil fuel combustion is still the main cause of greenhouse effect, designing CO solid adsorbents with high selective adsorbability remains challenging. In this study, cellulose nanofibers were modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) for revealing the adsorption mechanism of CO by APTES modified cellulose aerogel. Based on Density Function Theory(DFT), it was calculated that the adsorption configurations, adsorption energy, and partial density of states of CO on the pristine and modified surfaces, which revealed at the atomic level the mechanism influenced by the APTES grafting.

ARM-Net: A Tri-Phase Integrated Network for Hyperspectral Image Compression.

Most current hyperspectral image compression methods rely on well-designed modules to capture image structural information and long-range dependencies. However, these modules tend to increase computational complexity exponentially with the number of bands, which limits their performance under constrained resources. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a novel triple-phase hybrid framework for hyperspectral image compression.

Study on wastewater treatment characteristics and microbial ecosystem of bacteria-algae symbiosis coupling under carbon neutralization background.

At present, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, the sustainable development of human society is facing severe challenges. As a crucial nexus for pollutant discharge and greenhouse gas emissions, the establishment of carbon-neutral wastewater treatment processes in wastewater treatment plants, aiming to achieve coordinated development of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation, constitutes a pivotal pathway for environmental governance in the new era. The bacteria-algae symbiotic culture system, based on microalgae biological treatment technology, integrates wastewater treatment, carbon fixation, and biomass energy recovery.

Modular unit design and energy consumption characterization analysis of a novel cantilever robot.

This paper presents a robotic structure that combines modular design with low energy consumption and a large workspace, suitable for both mobile and fixed platforms. It primarily consists of pitch joint modules and yaw joint modules. The yaw joint module employs a novel single-motor dual-axis configuration design, which effectively increases the yaw range and expands the robot's workspace compared to traditional yaw joint structures.

The influence of ultrasonic shot peening on the microstructure and fatigue behavior of TC17 alloy.

This research presents a quantitative analysis of TC17 alloy subjected to ultrasonic shot peening (USP) treatment. The effects of USP treatment under different Almen intensities on surface roughness, microstructure, plastic strain range, microhardness, residual stress, fatigue behavior and strain gradient of TC17 alloy were analyzed. Results show that increasing Almen intensity from 0.

DBO-AWOA: An Adaptive Whale Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization and UAV 3D Path Planning.

The rapid expansion of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications in complex environments presents significant challenges in 3D path planning, particularly in overcoming the limitations of traditional methods for dynamic obstacle avoidance and computational efficiency. To address these challenges, this study introduces an adaptive whale optimization algorithm (DBO-AWOA), which incorporates chaotic mapping, nonlinear convergence factors, adaptive inertia mechanisms, and dung beetle optimizer-inspired reproductive behaviors. Specifically, the algorithm utilizes ICMIC chaotic mapping to enhance initial population diversity, a cosine-based nonlinear convergence factor to balance exploration and exploitation, and a hybrid strategy inspired by the dung beetle optimizer to mitigate stagnation in local optima.

Research on Digital Twin Modeling and Fault Diagnosis Methods for Rolling Bearings.

This paper proposed a digital twin modeling method based on digital twin technology to improve the operational stability of rolling bearings and the accuracy of fault diagnosis methods. A comprehensive digital twin model for the entire lifecycle of rolling bearings was constructed using Modelica language. This model included a multi-state rolling bearing digital twin and integrated twin models for both the bearing drive and load ends.

Molecular Reconstruction for the High-Performance Recycled Fluororubbers.

To address the challenges associated with the difficult recycling of fluorinated specialty materials and the subpar performance of recycled products, a molecular reconstruction strategy of oxidative degradation, fluorination addition is reported, and end-group transformation, which upcycled waste fluororubber into high-performance, chemically awakenable amino-terminated low-molecular-weight fluoropolymer (ATLF-Boc). Leveraging the chemical properties of the vinylidene fluoride structure in the waste fluororubber, carboxyl-terminated low-molecular-weight fluoropolymer (CTLF) with controlled molecular weight and end-group content are synthesized. Further, the whole chain is structurally strengthened at the molecular scale to achieve higher fluorine content and thermal stability, and saturated carboxyl-terminated low-molecular-weight fluoropolymer (SCTLF) is synthesized.

Effects of Water Content on the Combustion Characteristics of Hydrous Ethanol/RP-3 Mixed Fuel.

Constant volume chamber (CVC) was adopted to measure the laminar burning velocity (LBV) and Markstein length of hydrous ethanol/RP-3 mixed fuel at initial temperature = 450 K, initial pressure = 0.1 MPa, and equivalence ratio ϕ = 0.8-1.

Advancing digital cognitive rehabilitation: the role of adaptive serious games in enhancing elderly cognitive health.

As individuals age, cognitive decline increases the cognitive load, adversely affecting their ability to perform daily activities. Recently, serious games have emerged as practical digital rehabilitation tools to mitigate cognitive load in older adults. These games are categorised into task-oriented, adaptive, and multimodal types.

DCEF-AVNet: multi-scale feature fusion and attention mechanism-guided brain tumor segmentation network.

Purpose: Accurate and efficient automatic segmentation of brain tumors is critical for diagnosis and treatment. However, the diversity in the appearance, location, and shape of brain tumors and their subregions, coupled with complex boundaries, presents significant challenges. We aim to improve segmentation accuracy by addressing limitations in V-Net, including insufficient utilization of multi-scale features and difficulties in managing complex spatial relationships and long-range dependencies.

Comparison of Guide to Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement and Monte Carlo Method for Evaluating Gauge Factor Calibration Test Uncertainty of High-Temperature Wire Strain Gauge.

High-temperature strain gauges are widely used in the strain monitoring of the hot-end components of aero-engines. In the application of strain gauges, the calibration of the gauge factor (GF) is the most critical link. Evaluating the uncertainty of GF is of great significance to the accuracy analysis of measurement results.

Color correction methods for underwater image enhancement: A systematic literature review.

Underwater vision is essential in numerous applications, such as marine resource surveying, autonomous navigation, objective detection, and target monitoring. However, raw underwater images often suffer from significant color deviations due to light attenuation, presenting challenges for practical use. This systematic literature review examines the latest advancements in color correction methods for underwater image enhancement.

Investigation of Machining Characteristics and Parameter Optimization for Laser-Assisted Milling of CF/PEEK Composites.

Carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) is widely used in aerospace, transportation, and other high-end industries for its light weight, high strength, and recyclability. However, its inherently brittle-ductile two-phase structure presents challenges in processing CF/PEEK. This paper introduces a laser-assisted milling method, wherein four types of CF/PEEK unidirectional plates (0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°) are milled under varying laser powers and spindle speeds.

Study of the Material Removal Mechanism and Surface Damage in Laser-Assisted Milling of CF/PEEK.

Carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) composites are being increasingly used in aerospace, biomedical, and other industries due to their superior mechanical properties. However, CF/PEEK structural components require secondary processing after curing and molding to meet connection and assembly precision requirements. This process, however, often results in defects such as burrs and pits, which significantly compromise the mechanical performance and assembly quality of the structural components.

Facile Growing of Ni-MOFs on Ni Foam by Self-Dissociation Strategy for Electrochemical Energy Storage.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with redox metal centers have come into view as potential materials for electrochemical energy storage. However, the poor electrical conductivity largely impedes the potentiality of MOFs to construct high-performance electrodes in supercapacitors. In this work, a self-dissociation strategy has been applied to construct Ni-MOF microbelts on Ni foam (NF), where the NF is used as both a support and a Ni source.

The Impact of Pre- and Post-Treatment Processes on Corrosion Resistance of Micro-Arc Oxidation Coatings on Mg Alloys: A Systematic Review.

As one of the lightest metallic structural materials, magnesium (Mg) alloys possess numerous distinctive properties and are utilized across a broad spectrum of applications. However, the poor corrosion resistance of Mg alloys limits their application. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is an effective surface treatment method that enhances the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys.

First-principles calculation of the stopping power of protons in hexagonal boron nitride with different stacking sequences.

This study employs the real-time time-dependent density functional theory method to conduct an in-depth investigation of the energy dissipation mechanism of proton in hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) materials. By calculating the stopping power to quantify the energy dissipation of proton, we find that the energy dissipation in h-BN is primarily dependent on electron excitation, with relatively minor nuclear energy loss. Furthermore, we analyze the micro-dynamic behavior of radiation particles in detail by tracking the forces exerted on proton and the charge transfer process.

An elbow passive exoskeleton with controllable assistance: Design and experimental.

A passive exoskeleton is a wearable robotic device that is worn on the exterior of the user's body to provide physical support and facilitate movement. Existing elbow passive exoskeletons have limitations in their assistance capabilities and range of applications. In this paper, we propose a controllable elbow passive exoskeleton (CEPE) to address these limitations.

Enhancing MaaS user satisfaction through strategic marketing: The synergy of sustainability and service experience.

As urbanization intensifies and the need for sustainable transportation grows, Mobility as a Service (MaaS) emerges as a promising solution to urban mobility challenges. This study seeks to explore the underlying mechanisms of MaaS from a sustainability perspective and to assess its impact on service experience and user satisfaction. Additionally, it examines how user satisfaction influences the broader adoption of MaaS.

Preparation of Mg/Al-LDH@HC composite with low concentration hydrochloric acid modified for phosphate removal from aqueous solution: Synthesis, adsorption performance and mechanism.

With high microporosity, good dispersibility, excellent specific surface area and large content surface functional group, hydrochar demonstrates significant advantages and strong affinity towards pollutants in water. Modification method plays a significant role for anion adsorption by modified hydrochar, layered double hydroxide (LDH) modified hydrocarbons (Mg/Al-LDH@HC-HCl) have been synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal approach and activated with hydrochloric acid in this paper. The physical and chemical characteristics of the hydrochar, both before and after modification, are analyzed using BET, SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS to explore the phosphate adsorption mechanisms.

An exploratory study of pilot EEG features during the climb and descent phases of flight.

Objectives: The actions and decisions of pilots are directly related to aviation safety. Therefore, understanding the neurological and cognitive processes of pilots during flight is essential. This study aims to investigate the EEG signals of pilots to understand the characteristic changes during the climb and descent stages of flight.

A brain-computer interface system for lower-limb exoskeletons based on motor imagery and stacked ensemble approach.

Existing lower limb exoskeletons (LLEs) have demonstrated a lack of sufficient patient involvement during rehabilitation training. To address this issue and better incorporate the patient's motion intentions, this paper proposes an online brain-computer interface (BCI) system for LLE based motor imagery and stacked ensemble. The establishment of this online BCI system enables a comprehensive closed-loop control process, which includes the collection and decoding of brain signals, robotic control, and real-time feedback mechanisms.

MSGU-Net: a lightweight multi-scale ghost U-Net for image segmentation.

U-Net and its variants have been widely used in the field of image segmentation. In this paper, a lightweight multi-scale Ghost U-Net (MSGU-Net) network architecture is proposed. This can efficiently and quickly process image segmentation tasks while generating high-quality object masks for each object.