Coffee-Ring Suppression in Inkjet-Printed Perovskite Films Enabled by a Shape-Anisotropic Nanorod Solute Strategy.

Achieving uniform perovskite thin films via inkjet printing remains a significant challenge due to the pervasive coffee-ring effect. Here, we present a solute engineering strategy that incorporates shape-anisotropic perovskite nanorods into a single-solvent ink formulation, effectively suppressing coffee-ring formation and yielding ultraflat films with an average roughness (Ra) as low as 0.226 nm.

Neurofilament light chain concentration mediates the association between regional cortical thickness and Parkinson's disease with excessive daytime sleepiness.

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) that negatively impacts quality of life. Although biomarkers of brain structure, function, and neurodegeneration have been studied, their interactions in EDS remain unclear. This study explores the relationship between cortical thickness, functional connectivity (FC), and plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in PD-EDS.

Signatures of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons embedded in a hexagonal boron nitride lattice.

Zigzag edges of graphene are predicted to host magnetic electronic states, critical for spintronics, but an experimental confirmation of these magnetic conduction channels remains elusive. Here we report the signatures of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons (zGNRs) embedded in hexagonal boron nitride. Hexagonal boron nitride provides crucial edge stabilization, enabling the direct probing of this intrinsic magnetism.

Practice patterns, barriers, and attitudes toward urotherapy for pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms: A societies for pediatric urology survey.

Background: Pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in school-age children. Urotherapy (UT), the first-line treatment involving education on behavioral changes, is typically delivered through in-person 1:1 clinic visits, which can limit access and strain clinic resources. Although novel formats such as group classes and self-paced videos show comparable efficacy to standard UT, their adoption remains limited by a lack of understanding provider acceptability and operational feasibility.

In Situ Adsorption of a Lewis Base Triggers Selective Seawater Oxidation Based on the Lattice Oxygen-Mediated Mechanism.

During seawater electrolysis, the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is invariably confronted with an inescapable challenge: side reactions instigated by chloride ions and the poisoning of catalytically active sites. To address this, we put forward a strategy of doping high-valence metal Mo into Ni(OH) to achieve high selectivity and activity of the OER in alkaline seawater. In situ characterization, along with theoretical calculations, demonstrates that Lewis bases (MoO) are generated through Mo dissolution within the catalyst and subsequently adsorbed in situ on the catalyst surface.

Integrated analysis of miRNAs-mRNAs in skeletal muscle development revealed that novel-miR-766 affects myoblast differentiation and myofiber-type formation in sheep.

Background: Various regulators coregulate muscle development in animals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators that participate in multiple aspects of myofiber formation. Method: To identify key miRNAs and target genes associated with muscle development, embryos or longissimus dorsi of Chinese Merino sheep were collected for whole-transcriptome sequencing across 11 gestation periods: 26 days (D26), D29, D32, D35, D40, D45, D55, D75, D85, D105, and D135.

Stabilizing NiFe active sites using a high-valent Lewis acid for selective seawater oxidation.

Seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production harnesses renewable energy sources, contributing to sustainable development. However, competing anodic reactions, such as the chloride oxidation reaction (ClOR), can adversely affect the activity and stability of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, we propose a strategy that significantly enhances the OER activity and selectivity of NiFe-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) by incorporating chromium (Cr) (Cr-NiFeLDHs).

A neonatal rat model of progressive left ventricular pressure overload induced by abdominal aortic banding microsurgery.

Objective: Left ventricular pressure overload models using adult mice or rats were developed 60 years ago; however, a neonatal mouse model of left ventricular pressure overload was reported only 5 years ago. Moreover, how left ventricular pressure overload reshapes the neonatal left ventricle and how it affects cardiomyocyte proliferation remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study is to develop a simple neonatal rat model with clinical features matched to those of left ventricular pressure overload.

Improving Explainability and Integrability of Medical AI to Promote Health Care Professional Acceptance and Use: Mixed Systematic Review.

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care has significant potential, yet its acceptance by health care professionals (HCPs) is essential for successful implementation. Understanding HCPs' perspectives on the explainability and integrability of medical AI is crucial, as these factors influence their willingness to adopt and effectively use such technologies.

Objective: This study aims to improve the acceptance and use of medical AI.

Angiogenin Ameliorates Endometritis by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Endometritis is defined as an infection or inflammation of the endometrium, characterized by persistent inflammation of the uterine lining [...

[Clinical application of single-balloon and double-balloon enteroscopy in pediatric small bowel diseases: a retrospective study of 576 cases].

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of single-balloon and double-balloon enteroscopy in diagnosing pediatric small bowel diseases and assess the diagnostic efficacy of computed tomography enterography (CTE) for small bowel diseases using enteroscopy as the reference standard.

Methods: Clinical data from 576 children who underwent enteroscopy at Hunan Children's Hospital between January 2017 and December 2023 were retrospectively collected. The children were categorized based on enteroscopy type into the single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE) group (=457) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) group (=119), and the clinical data were compared between the two groups.

LncRNA SNHG5 promotes the invasion and proliferation of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the miR-21/PTEN signaling pathway.

Objective: To delineate the functional role of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) SNHG5 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Methods: The expression of LncRNA SNHG5 in paired tumor/adjacent tissues and cell lines (HN6 vs. HIOEC) were detected, and the relationship between LncRNA SNHG5 expression in cancer tissues and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients was analyzed.

Potential to perpetuate social biases in health care by Chinese large language models: a model evaluation study.

Background: Large language models (LLMs) may perpetuate or amplify social biases toward patients. We systematically assessed potential biases of three popular Chinese LLMs in clinical application scenarios.

Methods: We tested whether Qwen, Erine, and Baichuan encode social biases for patients of different sex, ethnicity, educational attainment, income level, and health insurance status.

CCL22 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by diverse symptoms and multisystem involvement. Pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) accounts for 10-20% of all SLE cases and tends to progress more rapidly and severely than adult-onset SLE, making diagnosis more challenging. Current biomarkers remain insufficient in predicting disease severity and organ-specific complications, highlighting the need for new biomarkers.

Integration ATAC-Seq and RNA-Seq Analysis of Mammary Placodes in Erhualian and Bamaxiang Pigs Identified Candidate Genes Influencing Pig Teat Number Variation.

Teat number is an important economic trait in pigs, affecting piglet health and survival. While numerous GWAS have identified candidate genes for teat number in Duroc, Landrace, and Large White pigs, the causal genes remain unclear, largely due to a lack of transcriptional and epigenetic studies on mammary placodes in 26-day-old pig embryos, a critical stage for teat formation. Erhualian and Bamaxiang pigs, derived from Chinese wild boars, serve as ideal models for studying genetic variation in teat number, with Erhualian averaging nearly 20 teats and Bamaxiang around 10.

Recyclable Solid-solid Phase Change Polymer-based Composites With High Latent Heat and Ultrahigh Thermal Conductivity via Dynamic Internal-catalyzed Esterification and Vertically Oriented Conductive Pathway.

At present, the internal design of electronic devices tends to be integrated and miniaturized, and there is an urgent demand for composites with both high latent heat and high thermal conductivity (TC) to realize rapid heat dissipation. Herein, a simple and efficient strategy is proposed to fabricate solid-solid phase change materials (SSPCMs) based on thermally conductive composites with high latent heat, ultrahigh TC, and reprocessability. The SSPCMs (MP) are synthesized by internal-catalyzed esterification between styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and then the composites (MP-OCF) are obtained by filling the reaction in vertically oriented carbon fiber arrays (OCF).

The association between workloads and health hazard among delivery riders in China.

Introduction: Drawing on the extended job demands-resources model, this study aims to identify the primary occupational health risks affecting delivery riders and explore mechanisms between workload and illness.

Methods: A respondent-driven sampling method was employed to minimize data bias. A total of 1,092 riders in Beijing, Shanghai, and Jinan participated in the survey.

Mapping of Lapping-Induced Subsurface Damage in Planar Fused Silica Glass Based on Polarized Laser Scattering Method.

Fused silica glass is a critical material in many industries due to its superior physicochemical properties. The detection of subsurface damage (SSD) poses fundamental challenges that directly affect the performance of fused silica glass. The polarized laser scattering (PLS) detection method has significant advantages in SSD detection, but damage mapping has not yet been achieved.

Development of an automated device for the optimization of oocyte and embryo vitrification.

Oocyte/embryo vitrification is one of the basic techniques employed in assisted reproduction and fertility preservation. However, the current process typically requires manual operation by experienced embryologists, which is both time-consuming and exhibits inconsistent outcomes. To resolve this issue, we herein developed an automated vitrification device for oocytes/embryos.

Application of artificial intelligence in palliative care: a bibliometric analysis of research hotspots and trends.

Background: Palliative care, essential for improving quality of life in patients with serious illnesses, faces challenges such as resource limitations, workforce shortages, and the complexity of personalized care. AI's capabilities in data analysis and decision-making offer opportunities to optimize symptom management, predict end-of-life risks, and tailor care plans. However, existing research emphasizes isolated AI technologies rather than systematic evaluations of its developmental trajectory in palliative care, particularly through bibliometric and visualization studies.

Analyzing canopy structure effects based on LiDAR for GPP-SIF relationship and GPP estimation.

The coupling between Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) is crucial for understanding terrestrial carbon cycles, with the GPP/SIF ratio regulated by canopy structure, environmental change, and other factors. While studies on canopy structure focus on how internal structure regulates light use efficiency, the impact of remotely sensed canopy structural parameters, particularly Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) and Leaf Area Index (LAI), on GPP-SIF coupling remains understudied. Investigating the response of canopy structure to GPP-SIF in large-scale forests supports high-accuracy GPP estimation.

Effectiveness of an Online Health Education Program for Pediatric Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.

Objective: Urotherapy effectively treats pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms, but its delivery is limited in clinical settings. We examined the feasibility and effectiveness of Bladder Basics, a home-based, self-paced online bladder health education program, in improving symptoms and knowledge.

Methods: Children aged 5-10 years with bladder symptoms and their parents were recruited.

Gelatin-methacryloyl hydrogel as an osmotic barrier to protect mouse testicular tissue from cryo-damage induced by high-concentration cryoprotectants.

Research Question: Can a novel hydrogel-encapsulated cryopreservation system reduce cryoinjury while maintaining the viability and functionality of testicular tissue, and support subsequent in-vitro culture for fertility preservation?

Design: Various pre-treatment methods that combined cryoprotectants (CPA) with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels to enhance the rapid freezing of encapsulated testicular tissue were investigated. Key parameters, including CPA concentrations and compositions, were evaluated alongside different cryocarriers to establish an effective freezing system. Fresh and frozen-warmed testicular tissues were cultured in vitro for 1week, comparing the effects of two hydrogel systems: agarose and alginate methacryloyl (AlgMA), based on organ culture method.

Abundance and Infestation of Mites on Bower's White-Toothed Rat () in Southwest China.

Chiggers (chigger mites) and gamasid mites are two groups of ectoparasites on rodents, and they can be the vectors or potential vectors of scrub typhus and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), while Bower's white-toothed rat () can serve as the reservoir host of the diseases. Based on field investigations at 117 survey sites of southwest China, a total of 2512 mites were collected from 55 rats. Under a microscope, these mites were taxonomically identified as 56 distinct species, comprising 37 chigger mite species and 19 gamasid mite species.

Effect of polysaccharides on nude mice model of prostate cancer PC‑3 cells.

The present study aimed to explore the influence of polysaccharides (PSP) on the progression of prostate cancer PC‑3 cell xenografts in nude mice, with a specific emphasis on analyzing the regulation of key proteins in the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and nuclear factor‑kappa B (NF‑κB) signaling pathways. An androgen‑independent PC‑3 prostate cancer cell line was subcutaneously injected into immunocompromised BALB/c nude mice to establish a xenograft model. The mice were randomly allocated into five groups, each comprising six animals.