Preparation, characterization, and application of camellianin A/soy protein isolate covalent complexes.

Alkaline-assisted processing facilitated the development of camellianin A (CA)-soy protein isolate (SPI) conjugates, with systematic characterization of polyphenol incorporation effects on macromolecular architecture and emulsion stabilization capacity. Multi-spectroscopic profiling confirmed CA-induced structural reorganization of SPI matrices, verifying conjugate formation. Dose-dependent enhancement patterns were observed, where increased CA loading positively correlated with total phenolic content, surface hydrophilicity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power.

Genome-wide analyses reveal intricate genetic mechanisms underlying egg production efficiency in chickens.

Background: Compared to many other vertebrates, chickens have a high reproductive efficiency in terms of egg production. The classic traits for evaluating egg-laying performance include age at first egg, egg number, clutch size, laying rate, etc. These egg-laying traits were not specifically designed to characterize egg production efficiency and stability.

Supramolecular nanomedicines derived from phase-change materials coated with hyaluronic acid for multi-modality cancer therapy.

The treatment of malignant tumors such as melanoma has always been a world-class problem. Single-modality therapy for melanoma is often faced with a balance of therapeutic outcomes and side effects. Combination of multi-modality could greatly improve therapeutic effect without introducing side effects.

Optimization and performance study of large aspect ratio SiC microgrooves by waterjet assisted laser machining.

Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics hold significant application value in high-end fields such as semiconductors and aerospace due to their exceptional mechanical properties and thermal stability. Large-aspect-ratio (LAR) microgrooves in ceramics are crucial for enabling advanced functionalities in various applications, including microfluidic devices, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and thermal management systems, where precise control over fluid flow, structural integrity, and heat dissipation is required. However, their extreme hardness poses challenges for traditional mechanical machining, including low efficiency and severe tool wear, while laser machining is prone to defects such as heat-affected zones and recast layers.

Evaporation-coded fluorescent gradients in supramolecular gels displaying aggregation-induced emission: A dynamic route to encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

Supramolecular gels have been widely explored as functional materials; however, their performance often degrades upon solvent evaporation. Although many strategies seek to mitigate this instability, few have leveraged solvent loss as a functional driver. Herein, we present an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active supramolecular gel that exploits solvent evaporation for dynamic information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

Systematic identification of heat-responsive VQ genes and functional characterization of the TaVQ27-5A-TaWRKY51L-3A module in thermotolerance regulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Valine-glutamine (VQ) proteins are plant-specific transcriptional cofactors that play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. Heat stress (HS), one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses, severely impairs wheat growth, development, quality, and yield. Despite their importance in other plants, the role of VQ proteins in wheat's response to HS remains unexplored.

Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase VvTPS10 Regulates Cold Tolerance by Participating in the CBF Pathway and VvPUB19-Mediated Ubiquitination in Grapevine.

Cold stress is a major environmental factor limiting the sustainable development of the grape industry, severely impacting plant physiological metabolism and cellular integrity. While class II trehalose 6-phosphate synthases (TPS) lack TPS enzymatic activity, they play critical roles in plant adversity response regulation and sugar metabolism. Currently, the cold resistance mechanisms of class II TPS genes remain poorly characterised.

Transcriptome analysis of peach seedlings () experiencing drought stress.

The frequency of drought is expected to rise in many parts of the world with increasing climate change. Despite being an economically valuable plant species, the molecular mechanisms regulating the responses of peach () to drought stress and the functional genes conferring drought resistance are currently unknown. In this study, we investigated the phenotypic and physiological responses of peach seedlings to experimental conditions that included a control, a period of drought stress, and a rehydration period.

Exploring the impact of physical activity and micronutrients on diabetic nephropathy: a subtype-specific genetic correlation and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Physical activity and micronutrient intake, including supplementation, have individually and synergistically shown potential benefits against diabetic nephropathy (DN), yet causality remains uncertain.

Methods: This study conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study using summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 15 micronutrients grouped into four categories. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) represented physical activity, whereas leisure screen time (LST) served as an indicator of sedentary behavior.

From wheat gluten wastewater to functional biscuits: Extraction, characterization, and application of water-unextractable arabinoxylan in low-GI fermented biscuits.

In this study, water-unextractable arabinoxylan (WUAX) was recovered from wheat gluten wastewater, aiming to enhance its utilization and develop low glycemic index (GI) fermented biscuits for diabetics. The study first investigated the influence of crude water-unextractable arabinoxylan (CW) on the digestive and textural properties of biscuits. CW was then purified to obtain pure water-unextractable arabinoxylan (PW), and PW was characterized.

Ras-associated protein PdRSR1 is essential for sterol synthesis and stress tolerance to response to prochloraz in Penicillium digitatum.

Citrus green mold caused by the fungi Penicillium digitatum always brings out enormous economic losses during the postharvest period. In practice, this pathogen is generally controlled by the demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, but massive usage of DMIs leads to the increasing occurrence of resistant strains and concerns of public safety. Hence, it is vital to clarify the molecular mechanism of P.

The Effects of Recombinant pBD2 on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immune Function, Intestinal Barrier, and Microbiota of Weaned Piglets.

Defensins, one of the members of the antimicrobial peptide family, play a vital role in resisting microbial invasion and immune regulation. Porcine β-defensin 2 possesses excellent stability, making it an ideal antibiotic alternative for feed additives. In this study, a total of 15 piglets were used to investigate the effects of supplementing diets with 2.

Pyrimethanil resistance detected in gray mold collected from the strawberry fields of Henan Province and potential resistance mechanism.

Gray mold of strawberry, which is caused by Botrytis cinerea, is a disease of global importance that seriously affects the yield and quality of strawberry crops. At present, control mainly relies on chemical fungicides that prevents fungal growth such as pyrimethanil, an anilinopyrimidine (AP) fungicide. However, the current study, which evaluated the sensitivity of 103 B.

The Influence of Judgments of Learning on Collaborative Memory for Items and Sequences.

The present study examined how making judgments of learning (JOLs) vs. not making judgments of learning (no-JOLs) influences item and sequential memory in collaborative contexts. According to the item-order hypothesis, making JOLs improves memory for specific items (i.

Overexpression of GmSCAMP4 enhances the tolerance of soybeans to low phosphorus stress.

The secretory carrier membrane proteins (SCAMPs), which are an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein family ubiquitously present in plants and animals, are implicated in various abiotic stress responses. However, their functional roles in plant adaptation to phosphate limitation remain unexplored. Through systematic genomic and transcriptomic analyses of soybean under low-phosphate (LP) stress, we identified GmSCAMP4 as a key LP-responsive candidate, exhibiting root-predominant expression and strong transcriptional induction under phosphorus deprivation.

The Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Chestnut Tannic Acid on the Growth Performance, Gut Morphology and Microbiota of Weaned Piglets.

: This study investigated the effects of chestnut tannic acid (TA) on the growth performance, the expression of tight junction proteins and the composition of the gut microbiota of weaned piglets, which could provide novel insights into the application of TA in swine production. : In a 42-day trial, 180 healthy, 21-day-old Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets were randomly assigned to a Control group and four treatment groups (TA1-4), fed commercial diets supplemented with 0, 0.06%, 0.

Association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the LIFR gene with lambing number in sheep.

Lambing number trait in sheep is a complex trait controlled by multiple genes, and low lambing number has a severe economic impact on the sheep industry. Previous studies have shown that Sparc/Osteonectin, cwcv, and kazal-like domain proteoglycan 1 (), A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin-like repeats 1 (), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (), and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor () are involved in mammalian reproduction. However, the effects of these genes on lambing number in sheep are still unclear.

Research progress on nanomaterial-empowered electrochemical biosensors for the detection of cardiac troponin I.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a prevalent and high-risk type of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a major threat to global human health. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of CVD is important to protect life and health. Cardiac troponin (cTnI) is considered the best biomarker for diagnosing AMI because of its high specificity and sensitivity to acute cardiomyocyte injury.

Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed heterosis for cadmium tolerance in maize.

Heterosis describes superior performance of F hybrids over parents in yield and stress tolerance, yet its role in Cd tolerance remains poorly characterized in maize. This study integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses for the hybrid Zhengdan958 (ZD958) and its parents under cadmium (Cd) stress. Compared to parental lines, ZD958 consistently exhibited superior morphological traits (e.

PD-1 induces autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway to promote infectious bursal disease virus replication.

Introduction: Autophagy is an important process in host cell responses to viral replication and spread, including those against infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Programmed death-1 (PD-1) is a known immunoinhibitory receptor, and its expression causes immune dysfunction in B lymphocytes, resulting in increased progression of immunosuppressive diseases. However, the role of PD-1 in autophagy during IBDV infection remains unclear.

Dynamic patterns of quality deterioration, oxidative stability, and flavor evolution in yuba during long-term storage.

This study comprehensively evaluated the changes in yuba during long-term storage. Protein and lipid oxidation intensified significantly with increasing storage time, as evidenced by a decrease in total sulfhydryl content and increases in carbonyl content, peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) ( < 0.05).

Gut microbiota-modulating potential of sweet potato-derived dietary fiber for type 2 diabetes management.

Background: Diabetes mellitus presents a significant global health burden, highlighting the need for safe and cost-effective dietary interventions. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) derived from sweet potato, rich in bioactive compounds, holds promise for improving glucose metabolism and gut microbiota, yet its effects on type 2 diabetes (T2D) remain underexplored.

Results: The present study investigated the impact of different doses of sweet potato-derived SDF-high (SDF-H, 1000 mg kg body weight), SDF-medium (SDF-M, 600 mg kg body weight) and SDF-low (SDF-L, 200 mg kg body weight) on T2D mice over 10 weeks.

Collectin-11(CcCL-11) with broad microbe binding and agglutination activities participates in antibacterial innate immunity of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus).

Collectin-11 (CL-11) is a multifunctional lectin that binds carbohydrates on pathogens and inhibits infection through direct neutralization, agglutination, opsonization and killing pathogens, playing an important role in innate immunity. In the present study, a homolog of collectin-11 (CL-11), designated as CcCL-11, was identified and functionally characterized from Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). Its expression profile and agglutination activity were systematically analyzed.

Optimization and application of an immuoperoxidase monolayer assay for the detection of PRRSV.

Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a highly contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality that affects the global swine industry. Despite efforts to control it, there is still a widespread dissemination of PRRSV with obvious genetic variations in swine population, resulting in huge economic losses annually. Consequently, accurate laboratory diagnosis is crucial for the rapid confirmation of PRRSV infections.

Correction: Research on auditory and olfactory regulation methods for abnormal driver emotions based on EEG signals.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.