Room Temperature Flexible Gas Sensor Based on MOF-Derived Porous Carbon Skeletons Loaded with ZnO Nanoparticles and DMF Detection.

Overcoming the persistent challenges of high operating temperatures and poor selectivity in metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, this work enhances defect sites in the sensing material through heterostructure construction and builds mesoporous architectures using MOF-derived carbon skeletons as templates. The synergistic effects of multiple mechanisms significantly improve gas-sensing performance, successfully fabricating a ZnO/PCS flexible room-temperature gas sensor with exceptional room-temperature DMF detection capabilities. The nitrogen-containing porous carbon skeletons (PCSs) template shows a stable mesoporous microstructure with large pore volume.

Impact of bacteriophage MS2 adsorption on biofilm microbial communities, metabolic pathways, and protein expression in sewer systems.

The stability of microbial communities within sewer systems is essential for maintaining effluent quality and infrastructure longevity. However, the functional consequences of viral interactions with biofilms remain poorly characterised. This study examines the effects of bacteriophage MS2 adsorption on biofilm structure, metabolism, and pathogenic potential in a simulated 1 km sewer pipeline.

A System dynamics analysis of the factors influencing the promotion of prefabricated decoration, based on a co-occurrence network.

Prefabricated decoration effectively addresses resource waste, environmental pollution, and quality issues associated with traditional decoration methods. It also enhances the functionality of prefabricated buildings and offers promising market potential. Currently, insufficient attention from both the public and managers hinders prefabricated decoration development.

Molecular insights into ZER1 recognition of N-terminal residue mutations.

N-terminal glycine (Gly/N-degron), as a degradation signal, can be recognized by specific E3 ubiquitin ligases and plays a crucial role in protein degradation and cellular homeostasis. As a substrate receptor in the Cullin 2-RING E3 ligase complex, ZER1 mediates protein degradation the Gly/N-degron pathway by recognizing N-terminal glycine and other small residues. This study employed all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding free energy calculations to explore ZER1's recognition of the wild-type peptide GFLHVGQD (WT) and its N-terminal mutants (G1S, G1A, G1T, and G1C).

Specific Flavor Substances of Liqueur Koji Fermented Foxtail Millet Beverage: As Indicators of Flavor Characteristics and Antioxidant Capacity.

Liqueur koji-fermented foxtail millet beverages offer distinctive flavors and health benefits, but the interrelationships among flavor compounds, sensory properties, and antioxidant activity remain unelucidated. This study systematically mapped dynamic changes across a standardized 72 h fermentation using chromatographic, electronic sensory approaches, and antioxidant assays. Key results revealed glucose, lactic acid, and succinic acid as primary taste-active indicators through HPLC.

Drought-Induced Coordination of Photosynthesis, Stomata, and Hydraulics in Maize Leaves Between Sensitive and Tolerant Varieties.

Identification of drought-tolerant maize varieties in the context of climate change is critical. Although many studies have reported that the coordination of stomatal and hydraulic conductance of plant leaves ensures the net photosynthetic rate, it is unclear whether the arrangement of these three parameters is consistent among maize varieties differing in drought tolerance. Therefore, in this study, gas exchange parameters, hydraulic properties, and stomatal structure of leaves from eight maize varieties under full and deficit irrigation (DI) were determined.

Development and Protective Efficacy of a Novel Nanoparticle Vaccine for Gammacoronavirus Avain Infectious Bronchitis Virus.

: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a gammacoronavirus that causes a highly contagious disease in chickens and seriously endangers the poultry industry. The is a predominant lineage. However, no effective commercially available vaccines against this virus are available.

Development of an Interactive Digital Human with Context-Sensitive Facial Expressions.

With the increasing complexity of human-computer interaction scenarios, conventional digital human facial expression systems show notable limitations in handling multi-emotion co-occurrence, dynamic expression, and semantic responsiveness. This paper proposes a digital human system framework that integrates multimodal emotion recognition and compound facial expression generation. The system establishes a complete pipeline for real-time interaction and compound emotional expression, following a sequence of "speech semantic parsing-multimodal emotion recognition-Action Unit (AU)-level 3D facial expression control.

Genome-Wide Identification and Drought Stress-Responsive Expression Profiling of the FAD Gene Family in Pear.

Fatty acid desaturase (FAD) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) and participates in key physiological processes such as plant growth and development, fruit ripening, and stress responses by regulating membrane lipid composition. Using pear genome data, this study systematically identified gene family members through bioinformatic analysis and characterized their drought-responsive expression patterns. Results revealed that 34 FAD family members were identified in pear, unevenly distributed across 12 chromosomes and classified into six subfamilies.

Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA): Resistance, Prevalence, and Coping Strategies.

Increased antimicrobial resistance requires effective ways to overcome the global challenge of bacterial infections, including methicillin-resistant (MRSA). From the emergence of MRSA to its continued evolution, it is important to explore this pathogen from fresh perspectives and develop corresponding coping strategies to counter its growing threat. New coping strategies are continuously emerging, including but not limited to enhancing penetration capabilities or targeting their virulence.

Polysaccharides Alleviate Aflatoxin B1-Induced Liver Damage and Immune Disorders by Inhibiting the ROS-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway.

polysaccharide (DSPS) is the main natural compound extracted from the traditional Chinese herb . Although DSPS is well-known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, its impact on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced damage has not been explored. This study aims to investigate the potential protective mechanisms of DSPS against AFB1-induced liver damage and immune disorders.

Selectin E upregulation upon forkhead box P1 loss augments neutrophil infiltration and brain damage in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

Hypertension in the brain may lead to hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH), a devastating disease. This study, grounded on bioinformatics insights, aims to investigate the functions of Selectin E (SELE) and forkhead box P1 (FOXP1) in the progression of HICH. Increased SELE expression was detected in the striatum of a mouse model of HICH generated via angiotensin II and L-NAME treatments.

Zinc methionine mitigates intestinal mucosal injury of broilers challenged with Salmonella by modulating mucus secretion, tight junction and microbial composition.

The investigation aimed to reveal potential mechanisms of zinc methionine on the intestinal mucosal function of Salmonella-challenged broilers. Totally, 320 Ross 308 male chicks were divided into 4 treatments, with 8 repetition per group and 10 chicks each. A 2 × 2 factor in a randomized block design was employed to explore the impacts of zinc addition, Salmonella challenge, and their interactions.

Complement pathway: Risk molecular pattern of cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Among individuals with diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common microvascular complication. As renal dysfunction progresses in DN patients, the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) significantly increases. The current effective treatment of DN and CVD demands identifying and managing their risk factors.

Ultrasonic-acidification coupled backwash-mixing technology in wastewater filtration system: Determination and optimisation of cleaning parameters.

A filtration system is crucial for recycling wastewater, with the filter as its core component. However, traditional filters struggle with rapid cleaning due to wastewater complexity, which challenges the sustainable operation of filtration systems. This study proposes a new method of mixed ultrasound assisted acid backwashing, however, the optimal cleaning parameters for this method are not yet clear.

SpaVGN: A hybrid deep learning framework for high-resolution spatial transcriptomics data reconstruction and spatial domain identification.

Spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized the analysis of gene expression while preserving tissue spatial information, which provides novel insights into the cellular composition and function of complex biological tissues. However, current technologies are constrained by limited resolution and data sparsity, compromising the accuracy of downstream analyses. To address these challenges, we developed SpaVGN, a deep learning framework integrating convolutional neural networks, vision transformer, and graph neural networks for high-fidelity gene expression imputation and spatial domain identification.

Identification and Genetic Analysis of Downy Mildew Resistance in Intraspecific Hybrids of L.

Downy mildew caused by is an important disease in grape production, particularly in the highly susceptible, widely cultivated L. Breeding for disease resistance is an effective solution, and intraspecific crosses can yield progeny with both disease resistance and high quality. To assess the potential of intraspecific recurrent selection in (IRSV) in improving grapevine resistance to downy mildew and to analyze the pattern of disease resistance inheritance, the disease-resistant variety Ecolly was selected as one of the parents and crossed with Cabernet Sauvignon, Marselan, and Dunkelfelder, respectively, creating three reciprocal combinations, resulting in 1657 hybrid F1 progenies.

Residue Elimination Patterns and Determination of the Withdrawal Times of Seven Antibiotics in Taihang Chickens.

Antibiotic residues in poultry pose health and resistance risks, necessitating breed-specific WDTs. In this study, the residue elimination patterns of seven antibiotics in Taihang chicken tissues under free-range conditions were studied and the appropriate WDT was formulated. A total of 240 healthy Taihang chickens aged 100 days were randomly divided into 8 groups, each comprising 30 chickens.

Long non-coding RNA EPB41L4A-AS1 as a biomarker of sepsis alleviates inflammatory response by targeting miR-146a-5p.

Objective: The prognosis of sepsis, a pathological condition associated with high mortality and rapid progression, can be improved with precise diagnosis, effective treatment, and nursing care. This study investigated the expression and clinical significance of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) EPB41L4A-AS1 in sepsis.

Methods: The serum EPB41L4A-AS1 levels in patients with sepsis were quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Unlocking nature's cold defense: Silkworm sand-derived ICE6 boosts pepper resilience through antioxidant activation and gene regulation.

Iron Chlorine E6 (ICE6), an innovative plant growth regulator derived from silkworm sand, has been recognized for its ability to promote plant growth and enhance resistance to various abiotic stresses across multiple crops. However, the precise mechanisms underlying ICE6's role in improving plant stress tolerance remain largely unclear. To address this gap, this study investigated the potential of ICE6 to enhance cold tolerance in pepper seedlings under low-temperature conditions.

Ultrasonic strategies for mitigating microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on medical surfaces: a mini review.

Biofilm formation on medical surfaces poses significant challenges, leading to compromised device functionality and an increased risk of infections. Addressing this issue requires effective strategies that balance efficacy with safety. This mini-review examines the application of ultrasound as a promising approach for biofilm control in medical contexts.

Integrating CT radiomics and clinical data with machine learning to predict fibrosis progression in coalworker pneumoconiosis.

Objective: This study aims to develop a machine learning (ML) model that integrates computed tomography (CT) radiomics with clinical features to predict the progression of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis in patients with coalworker pneumoconiosis (CWP).

Methods: Clinical and imaging data from 297 patients diagnosed with CWP at The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College between December 2021 and December 2023 were analyzed. Of these patients, 170 developed pulmonary interstitial fibrosis over a 3-year follow-up and were classified as the progression group, while 127 patients showed stable conditions and were classified as the stable group.

Identification of DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Eggshell Membranes: Structure-Activity Relationships, Digestive Stability, and Molecular Mechanisms.

Eggshell membrane (ESM), a protein-rich byproduct of the egg processing industry, contains latent bioactive sequences with physiological relevance, but remains largely underutilized. To evaluate its potential as a novel source of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides, ESM was enzymatically hydrolyzed using five proteases, among which alkaline proteases exhibited the most effective hydrolysis. The resulting hydrolysates were systematically assessed for DPP-IV inhibitory activity, amino acid composition, and peptide sequence characteristics.

Integrating cell-free DNA methylation of SEPT9 and SFRP2 into a machine learning model for early diagnosis of HCC.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a primary contributor to cancer-associated mortality, necessitates enhanced early detection. This study evaluated machine learning models that merge methylated SEPTIN9 (SEPT9) and secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) within circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to detect HCC.

Methods: A cohort of 165 healthy volunteers, 24 precancerous patients of HCC and 112 HCC patients were divided into training and validation sets.

Polydatin alleviates oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory activation of alveolar macrophages in chronic cough by reducing PTGS2 levels.

Background: Polydatin (PD) is a resveratrol derivative primarily isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. with multiple pharmacological effects.