The Use of Deep Learning in Primary Agricultural Products Freshness Assessment: A Systematic Review.

Primary agricultural products are closely related to our daily lives, as they serve not only as raw materials for food processing but also as products directly purchased by consumers. These products face the issue of freshness decline and spoilage during both production and consumption. Freshness degradation induces sensory deterioration and nutritional loss and promotes harmful substance accumulation, causing gastrointestinal issues or even endangering life.

Genomic and transcriptomic data reveal molecular differences between homologous recombination deficiency subgroups in Chinese ovarian cancer patients.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) has the highest mortality rate among gynecological cancers and shows varied responses to chemotherapy combined with PARP inhibitors based on homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) subtypes.

Methods: This study enrolled 143 Chinese OV patients to determine the HRD score grouping threshold using genomic features, dividing patients into HRD-high and HRD-low groups. Multi-omics sequencing was conducted on 70 patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with PARP inhibitors.

Test-retest reliability, sensory weighting and clinical efficacy indicators of sensory organization test in chronic ankle instability.

Objectives: To examined: (1) the reliability, minimum detectable change (MDC) and Minimum clinically important difference (MCID) of sensory organization test (SOT) in chronic ankle instability (CAI) individuals. (2) sensory reweighting system changes in individuals with and without CAI.

Design: cross-sectional study.

Whole-genome resequencing revealed genetic structure and specific breed identification loci of Ningxia Jingyuan chicken breed (Gallus gallus).

Background: Jingyuan (JY) chicken breed is one of the Chinese regional livestock and poultry genetic resources protection breeds raised in Ningxia, China. The phenotypic characteristics of JY chickens, such as feather color, skin color, and meat quality, exhibit distinct local traits, but the genetic foundation remains unclear.

Results: This study utilized whole-genome resequencing to analyze the genetic structure, genome diversity, selection signals, and genes associated with meat quality, growth and development of the Ningxia JY chicken breed.

Identification of DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptides from Eggshell Membranes: Structure-Activity Relationships, Digestive Stability, and Molecular Mechanisms.

Eggshell membrane (ESM), a protein-rich byproduct of the egg processing industry, contains latent bioactive sequences with physiological relevance, but remains largely underutilized. To evaluate its potential as a novel source of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides, ESM was enzymatically hydrolyzed using five proteases, among which alkaline proteases exhibited the most effective hydrolysis. The resulting hydrolysates were systematically assessed for DPP-IV inhibitory activity, amino acid composition, and peptide sequence characteristics.

Hypotonic stimuli promote osteocyte dendrite formation by modulating actin dynamics via the TRPV4-CDC42 signaling pathway.

Osteocytes are the primary mechanosensory cells in bone and play a vital role in maintaining bone homeostasis. The distinct star-shaped morphology of osteocytes, marked by their numerous dendrites, is integral to their mechanosensory function. However, the mechanisms underlying osteocyte dendrite formation remain poorly understood.

Anthraquinones of alleviate lipid accumulation in obesity by regulating brown adipose tissue and liver function.

Objective: (CS, Juemingzi in Chinese) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of anthraquinones of CS (AQS) for adiposity.

Methods: The chemical components of the AQS were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Dendritic cell-based vaccine prepared with recombinant Lactococcus lactis eukaryotic-prokaryotic dual expressing OVA enhances antitumor efficacy by both direct and cross-presentation.

Probiotic Lactococcus lactis (L.L) can act as an antigen delivery carrier to cross-present (XPT) exogenous antigens in dendritic cells (DCs). To optimize antigen XPT in a DC-based vaccine for improved antitumor efficacy, we produced recombinant L.

Enhancing ferroelectric stability: wide-range of adaptive control in epitaxial HfO/ZrO superlattices.

The metastability of the polar phase in HfO, despite its excellent compatibility with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process, remains a key obstacle for its industrial applications. Traditional stabilization approaches, such as doping, often induce crystal defects and impose constraints on the thickness of ferroelectric HfO thin films. These limitations render the ferroelectric properties vulnerable to degradation, particularly due to phase transitions under operational conditions.

RUNX1 Induces Central Neuropathic Pain by Activating Microglia and Triggering the Inflammatory Response in Spinal Cord Injury.

Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a highly conserved transcription factor involved in immune regulation, inflammation, and nociceptive neuron differentiation. However, its role in central neuropathic pain (CNP) induced by SCI remains unclear. Here, we investigated RUNX1 expression after SCI and its impact on CNP.

Integrating CT radiomics and clinical features using machine learning to predict post-COVID pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: The lack of reliable biomarkers for the early detection and risk stratification of post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) underscores the urgency advanced predictive tools. This study aimed to develop a machine learning-based predictive model integrating quantitative CT (qCT) radiomics and clinical features to assess the risk of lung fibrosis in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A total of 204 patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia were included in the study.

Exploring the changes in functional connectivity of the limbic system in Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment treated by acupuncture based on fMRI.

Objective: Brain functional connectivity (FC) of Limbic system plays an important role in maintaining the normal cognitive state. We conduct an investigation of the FC of limbic system networks in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and speculate on the brain effect mechanism of acupuncture therapy based on resting - state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs - fMRI).

Method: 50 patients with aMCI and 41 healthy participants (HC group) from the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine in Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China, were recruited.

Müller Gutmann-Beckett for assessing the Lewis acidity of boranes.

A F NMR spectroscopic probe, -fluorobenzonitrile, is used to evaluate the relative Lewis acidity of boranes. The resulting scale is compared with the Gutmann-Beckett method which uses triethylphosphine oxide as a P NMR probe and both are compared to computed fluoride affinities.

IGF-1 secreted by mesenchymal stem cells affects the function of lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells: a potential strategy for the treatment of lymphedema.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can participate in lymphangiogenesis through paracrine effects, while lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells (LEPCs), a subpopulation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), can differentiate into mature lymphatic endothelial cells, thereby influencing lymphatic function. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which MSCs regulate the activity of LEPCs through paracrine effects and preliminarily explored the possibility of the two types of cells working together to treat lymphovascular diseases. After isolation of MSCs and LEPCs from the bone marrow of C57BL/6 J mice, experiments verified that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) secreted by MSCs activated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to promote the proliferation of LEPCs; IGF-1 decreased the rate of apoptosis and affected the cycle progression of LEPCs and the nucleotide metabolism levels.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Ameliorated Growth Performance and Intestinal Inflammation by Modulating Gut Microbial Structure and Function of Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio).

This research was conducted to evaluate the probiotic properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) P-8 through in vitro experiments and 12-week in vivo feeding trials, investigating its effects on growth performance, intestinal immunity, and microecology in Yellow River carp. In vitro experiments showed that L.

Ideal antiferroelectricity with large digital electrostrain in PbZrO epitaxial thin films.

Antiferroelectrics exhibit reversible antipolar-polar phase transitions under electric fields, yielding large electrostrain suitable for electromechanical devices. Nevertheless, in thin-film form, the antiferroelectric behavior is often obscured by competing ferroic orders, resulting in slanted hysteresis loops with undesired remnant polarization, subsequently posing challenges in obtaining ideal antiferroelectricity and understanding their intrinsic electrical behavior. Here, atomistic models for controllable antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition pathways are unveiled along specific crystallographic directions.

Exhaled volatile organic compounds as novel biomarkers for early detection of COPD, asthma, and PRISm: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Globally, chronic respiratory diseases have become the third leading cause of death, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, and have been threatening human life for a long time. To alleviate the disease burden, it is crucial to develop rapid and convenient screening methods for COPD, preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), and asthma. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath can reflect the pathophysiological processes of disease, thereby having the potential to serve as a promising approach for diagnosing respiratory diseases.

Development and validation of a semi-automatic radiomics ensemble model for preoperative evaluation of breast masses in mammotome-assisted minimally invasive resection.

Background: Accurate preoperative differentiation of breast masses is critical for guiding individualized treatment strategies in Mammotome-assisted minimally invasive resection. While radiomics shows promise, existing methods rely on manual delineation, which is time-consuming and subjective. This study developed an ultrasound-based semi-automatic segmentation ensemble model to improve preoperative assessment.

Breeding and regional production capacity performance of new sugarcane cultivar GT 66.

The mechanization in sugarcane cultivation is required to improve the performance of sugarcane production capacity in China. The mechanization process is very substantial because it can enhance the production of agricultural land. There is an urgent need to breed advance sugarcane cultivars for mechanization process.

Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion Enhances the Immunomodulatory Activity of Ovalbumin Peptide NVMEERKIK: Mechanistic Insights into TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Modulation.

NVMEERKIK, a peptide derived from ovalbumin, exhibited remarkable immunomodulatory activity. This study investigated the effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion on its structure and bioactivity. NVMEERKIK was found to be unstable against gastrointestinal enzymes and completely degraded into NVME, NVMEE, KIK, K, and R.

Gene age gap estimate (GAGE) for major depressive disorder: A penalized biological age model using gene expression.

Recent associations between Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and measures of premature aging suggest accelerated biological aging as a potential biomarker for MDD susceptibility or MDD as a risk factor for age-related diseases. Residuals or "gaps" between the predicted biological age and chronological age have been used for statistical inference, such as testing whether an increased age gap is associated with a given disease state. Recently, a gene expression-based model of biological age showed a higher age gap for individuals with MDD compared to healthy controls (HC).

A 6.4GΩ-Input-Impedance 104.5dB-CMRR 96dB-DR DD-AFE with Tri-Level IDAC for Small-Diameter Dry-Electrode Interface.

This article presents a direct-digitization analog front end (DD-AFE) with enhanced input-impedance, common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), and dynamic range (DR) for wearable biopotential (ExG) signal acquisition, especially for small-diameter dry electrodes. The DD-AFE employs a second-order continuous-time delta-sigma modulator (CT-ΔSM) and multiple circuit techniques to support direct-digitization readouts. These include 1) A high input-impedance input feedforward (FF), embedded in a 4-input 4-bit successive approximation register (SAR) quantizer.

Extracellular osmolarity regulates osteoblast migration through the TRPV4-Rho/ROCK signaling.

For precise bone formation, osteoblasts need to accurately migrate to specific sites guided by various biochemical and mechanical cues. During this migration, fluctuations in extracellular osmolarity may arise from shifts in the surrounding fluid environment. However, as a main regulator of cell morphology and function, whether the extracellular osmolarity change may affect osteoblast migration remains unclear.

Aurantio-obtusin improves obesity and protects hepatic inflammation by rescuing mitochondrial damage in overwhelmed brown adipose tissue.

Background: Obesity is frequently linked to chronic systamic inflammation and presents significant challenges to public health. Aurantio-obtusin (AO) boosted the brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis in diet-induced obesity. However, the specific mechanisms by which injured mitochondria-related damage signals derived from overwhelmed BAT can transmit to liver and exacerbate metabolic disorders and whether AO can reverse this process remain unknown.