Fatigue-free ferroelectricity in HfZrO ultrathin films via interfacial design.

Due to traits of CMOS compatibility and scalability, HfO-based ferroelectric ultrathin films are promising candidates for next-generation low-power memory devices. However, their commercialization has been hindered by reliability issues, with fatigue failure being a major impediment. Here, we report superior ferroelectric performances with fatigue-free behavior in interface-designed HfZrO-based ultrathin heterostructures.

New insights into the dule roles CDK12 in human cancers: Mechanisms and interventions for cancer therapy.

The dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12), which may result from genomic alterations or modulation by upstream effectors, is implicated in cancer oncogenesis and progression. CDK12 overexpression or activation is sufficient to induce tumor initiation, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. However, CDK12 may also exert tumor-suppressive functions in a context-dependent manner.

The Character Position Encoding of Parafoveal Semantic Previews Is Flexible in Chinese Reading.

Extant Chinese studies have documented that transposing characters within two-character words (e.g., suit) yields greater parafoveal preview benefits for target words compared to replacing the characters with unrelated ones (e.

Positive Role of in Increasing Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: A Review.

As a beneficial fungus, () has been widely applied for growth promotion and biocontrol. Recently, it has attracted much attention with regard to improving stress tolerance in plants under abiotic stress. In this paper, the multiple mechanisms of for alleviating abiotic stress damage in plants are reviewed.

Competition and Synergy in Programmable Open Microfluidics: Thermal Fields vs Structural Heterogeneities.

Functional structured surfaces have garnered wide interest in open microfluidics, where external fields like magnetic, optical, electrical, and thermal fields are crucial. While thermal fields provide simplicity and early utility in liquid manipulation, their interplay with structural effects remains underexplored compared to other field-driven methods. We present a programmable microfluidic platform involving heterogeneous structured surfaces grafted with thermoresponsive macromolecules, allowing control of surface wettability through global/local thermal fields.

Effects of solamargine in hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer: induction of ferroptosis and elimination of cancer stem cells.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumor globally, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality. Metastasis is the main cause of death in patients with CRC. Solanum nigrum L.

Enhancing ferroelectric stability: wide-range of adaptive control in epitaxial HfO/ZrO superlattices.

The metastability of the polar phase in HfO, despite its excellent compatibility with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process, remains a key obstacle for its industrial applications. Traditional stabilization approaches, such as doping, often induce crystal defects and impose constraints on the thickness of ferroelectric HfO thin films. These limitations render the ferroelectric properties vulnerable to degradation, particularly due to phase transitions under operational conditions.

Regulation of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 by traditional Chinese medicine drugs and their active ingredients.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has attracted substantial attention for its role as a thermal receptor and regulator of temperature and pain sensing. Notably, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated pharmacological effects through regulation of TRPA1. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects of TCM drugs and their active ingredients on TRPA1.

Self-regulated photoresponsive heterogeneous PNIPAM hydrogel actuators.

Self-regulated actuators harness material intelligence to enable complex deformations and dynamics, representing a significant advancement in automated soft robotics. However, investigations on self-regulated soft actuators, particularly those using simplified actuation modules, such as a unidirectional light beam, remain limited. Here, we present a design paradigm for self-regulated actuators based on poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) heterogeneous hydrogels, where self-regulated deformations are actuated using a fixed near-infrared laser.

Design and exploration of integrating bioinformatic analysis into comprehensive and exploratory epigenetic experiments.

As the most thoroughly studied epigenetic modification, DNA methylation-induced silencing of suppressor genes is closely related with the development of cancers. Bioinformatic analysis is an important research tool in the fields of life sciences, medicine, and so on. To introduce the application of bioinformatic analysis in cancer epigenetic research to students and to change the current situation that students usually passively perform experiments during the experimental teaching of genetics, we established a comprehensive and exploratory epigenetic experiment which was integrated with bioinformatic analysis.

Active Immunization Using TRPM2 Peptide Vaccine Attenuates Atherosclerotic Progression in a Mouse Model of Atherosclerosis.

: Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases and mortality around the world. One exciting strategy for atherosclerosis treatment is immunotherapy, especially active immunization. Active immunization relies on the delivery of antigens in a vaccine platform to introduce humoral and cellular immunity, alleviating atherosclerotic progression.

Near-infrared smart responsive orthopedic implants with synergistic antimicrobial and bone integration-promoting properties.

Background: The decline in antibiotic use has made the treatment of post-implant infections increasingly challenging, especially the problem of bacterial invasion caused by inadequate tissue fusion with the implant in the early stages of the implant. Developing multiple methods to reduce bacterial infections through synergies will be superior to a single model of antimicrobial means.

Methods: The composite coating composed of titanium phosphate (TiP)/copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO)/nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) named TiP-ua was used to kill () and () under near infrared (NIR) irradiation by means of photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) synergism.

Ultrahigh-power-density flexible piezoelectric energy harvester based on freestanding ferroelectric oxide thin films.

Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators are emerging as a promising solution for powering next-generation flexible electronics by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, traditional ferroelectric ceramics, despite their excellent piezoelectric properties, lack flexibility; while piezoelectric polymers, although highly flexible, have low piezoelectricity. The quest to develop materials that combine high piezoelectricity with exceptional flexibility has thus become a research focus.

Non-Coding RNAs in Regulating Fat Deposition in Farm Animals.

Fat deposition represents a crucial feature in the expenditure of physical energy and affects the meat quality of farm animals. It is regulated by multiple genes and regulators. Of them, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in modulating the fat deposition process.

Intranasal prime-boost RNA vaccination elicits potent T cell response for lung cancer therapy.

The rapid success of RNA vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 has sparked interest in their use for cancer immunotherapy. Although many cancers originate in mucosal tissues, current RNA cancer vaccines are mainly administered non-mucosally. Here, we developed a non-invasive intranasal cancer vaccine utilizing circular RNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles to induce localized mucosal immune responses.

Cnidii fructus and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix polysaccharides inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry by interfering with Spike protein-mediated membrane fusion.

Polysaccharides derived from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) show potential as therapeutic agents in the treatment of viral infections. In this study, seventeen polysaccharides extracted from TCM were screened for their inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus (PsV) infection in ACE2-overexpressing HEK293T cells. The results revealed that Cnidii fructus polysaccharides (CFPs) and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix polysaccharides (SFPs) significantly inhibited PsV entry.

Ferroelectricity in Orthorhombic Zirconia Thin Films.

Ferroelectric fluorite oxides such as hafnium (HfO)-based materials are one of the most promising candidates for future large-scale integrated circuits (ICs), while zirconia (ZrO)-based fluorite materials, which have the same structure as HfO and , are usually thought to be anti- or ferroelectric-like. Here, we report a remanent polarization () of ∼15 μC/cm in orthorhombic ZrO thin films at 77 K. This ferroelectricity arises from an electric field-induced antiferroelectric to ferroelectric phase transition, which is particularly noticeable at 77 K.

Integrated microfluidics-based construction of anti-BTN2A2 gel droplet cell preparations for non-invasive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy.

Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapy (TIL therapy) is one of the effective treatments for solid tumors. However, certain periods or sites of solid tumors are not amenable to surgical resection. Meanwhile, the abundant and dense extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulatory cells (e.

Detection and Structural Elucidation of Copper Binding Tri- and Tetrapyrrole Ligands Produced by the Marine Diatom .

In seawater, most dissolved copper (Cu) is complexed by organic ligands, many of which are thought to be produced by phytoplankton. Although very little is known about the composition and structure of these ligands, they play an important role in determining the reactivity and bioavailability of Cu. In this study, , a marine diatom known to produce Cu ligands (CuLs), was grown in laboratory pure culture, and the CuLs were recovered from the growth media.

Identification and validation of diagnostic biomarkers for temporal lobe epilepsy related to ferroptosis and potential therapeutic targets.

Ferroptosis pathway activation is potentially correlated with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, the diagnostic significance and mechanism of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in TLE require further investigation. A comprehensive analysis of the GSE134697 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 3,212 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and control groups, with a critical focus on the turquoise module.

Connexin 43 contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorder by attenuating perineuronal net of hippocampus in aged mice.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a prevalent form of cognitive impairment in elderly patients following anesthesia and surgery. The underlying mechanisms of PND are closely related to perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs, which are complexes of extracellular matrix primarily surrounding neurons in the hippocampus, play a critical role in neurocognitive function.

Fluorine-Doping Carbon-Modified Si/SiO to Effectively Achieve High-Performance Anode.

To address the significant challenges encountered by silicon-based anodes in high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), including poor cycling stability, low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), and insufficient interface compatibility, this work innovatively prepares high-performance Si/SiOx@F-C composites via in situ coating fluorine-doping carbon layer on Si/SiOx surface through high-temperature pyrolysis. The Si/SiO@F-C electrodes exhibit superior LIB performance with a high ICE of 79%, exceeding the 71% and 43% demonstrated by Si/SiO@C and Si/SiO, respectively. These electrodes also show excellent rate performance, maintaining a capacity of 603 mAhg even under a high current density of 5000 mAg.

Altered neural activities during emotion regulation in depression: a meta-analysis.

Background: Deficient neural activities during emotion regulation have been reported in depression. We sought to conduct a meta-analysis to provide a comprehensive description of these neural alterations during use of emotion regulation strategies among patients with depression, including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: We identified neuroimaging studies of abnormal neural activities during emotion regulation in depression.

GABA modulate NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways in electroacupuncture prevention of depression in CUMS rats.

Background: Our previous research has demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) has the potential to mitigate depression-like symptoms resulting from chronic stress. However, further investigation is required to fully understand the underlying mechanisms. The regulatory role of γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABA) in synaptic plasticity and the involvement of NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated inflammation in the lateral habenula nucleus (LHb) are key factors in the development of depression.