Mapping the Landscape of Epigenetic Research in Diabetes Mellitus: A Decade-Long Bibliometric Analysis (2014-2024).

Background: Epigenetic regulation constitutes critical molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes and disease progression. While substantial mechanistic investigations exist, the field lacks systematic mapping of research trends, collaborative networks, and emerging frontiers.

Objectives: To conduct the first comprehensive bibliometric evaluation of epigenetic studies in diabetes mellitus and its complications (2014-2024), identifying key research domains, international collaboration patterns, and innovative investigative directions to inform strategic research planning and highlight opportunities for innovative therapeutic approaches.

GSH-responsive magnetic imaging for monitoring of tumor chemodynamic therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a promising treatment modality that utilizes highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) to kill tumor cells . However, real-time monitoring of drug distribution and therapeutic response remains a challenge, hindering the optimization of personalized treatment regimens. Here, we developed a glutathione (GSH)-responsive nanoreactor (FA-Mn NR), with integrated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) functionality for self-enhanced CDT.

Macrophages activate fibroblasts to promote the collagen capsule formation during Trichinella spiralis infection.

Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) can establish long-term infections within skeletal muscle cells, which are encapsulated by collagen capsule. Histological studies reveal that T.

Three-dimensional craniofacial morphology predicts periodontal tissue dimensions using the facial scanner.

Background: Despite growing interest in dentofacial interactions, evidence linking three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial morphology to periodontal phenotypes remains sparse. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate correlations between maxillary anterior periodontal parameters and 3D craniofacial morphology in a Chinese population.

Methods: Participants underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans to quantify bone thickness (BT) (at 2 mm [BT] and 4 mm [BT] apical to the alveolar crest), gingival thickness (GT) (at cemento-enamel junction [GT] and bone crest [GT]), and periodontal supra-crestal tissue height (PSTH).

Melatonin Prevents the Progression of MASLD via Inhibiting FFAs-Induced Ferroptosis through KEAP1/NRF2/HO-1 Pathway.

The accumulation of free fatty acids (FFAs) in hepatocytes is a key characteristic of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which leads to lipid peroxidation and ultimately results in ferroptosis. Currently, there is an absence of efficacious therapeutic options available for the management of MASLD. Consequently, an in-depth exploration of the roles of FFAs and ferroptosis in the progression of MASLD may reveal hitherto unidentified therapeutic targets.

Handheld confocal laser endomicroscopy using an asymmetric electrothermal MEMS micromirror for in vivo distortion-free imaging.

Electrothermal micromirrors are suitable for miniaturization of confocal laser endomicroscopic (CLE) probes for in vivo imaging of internal organs due to their large linear scan range at low actuation voltages, but high-speed imaging requires resonant scanning under which those electrothermal micromirrors exhibit strong cross-axis coupling that leads to serious image reconstruction distortions. This paper presents a custom-built CLE probe that utilizes a two-axis asymmetric electrothermal MEMS mirror to achieve distortion-free in vivo imaging. The MEMS mirror with a size of 2mm × 2 mm is integrated into the CLE probe with a diameter of 8.

Intraoperative Bone Perfusion Assessment Using Fluorescence Imaging in a Simulated Fracture Model: Effects of Osteotomy and Periosteal Disruption on Bone Perfusion During Amputation.

Background: Accurate debridement of poorly perfused bone and soft tissue is critical to reduce the risk of infection in open fracture or of recurrent fracture-related infection (FRI). However, accurate delineation of viable and nonviable tissue is difficult with current technology. The aim of this pilot study was to develop and evaluate an indocyanine green (ICG)-based dynamic contrast-enhanced fluorescence imaging (DCE-FI) strategy to provide intraoperative, objective, real-time information on bone perfusion using an osteotomy model in patients undergoing lower-extremity amputation.

Hypotonic stimuli promote osteocyte dendrite formation by modulating actin dynamics via the TRPV4-CDC42 signaling pathway.

Osteocytes are the primary mechanosensory cells in bone and play a vital role in maintaining bone homeostasis. The distinct star-shaped morphology of osteocytes, marked by their numerous dendrites, is integral to their mechanosensory function. However, the mechanisms underlying osteocyte dendrite formation remain poorly understood.

Individual Virus Detection by Peptide-Gold Nanocluster-Assembled Artificial Binder.

Ultrasensitive point-of-care detection is urgently required for viruses with high infectivity and lethality rates. In this study, we developed a direct detection platform, a peptide-gold nanocluster-assembled binder (PEGNAB), in which antigen-binding polymeric peptides are modified on a single gold nanocluster. This innovative platform has been applied to detect the influenza A virus (IAV), and it exhibits a high affinity for its spike protein, hemagglutinin, owing to its multisite binding mechanism.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A New Hope for Individualised Treatment with Venetoclax.

B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) plays a key role in regulating apoptosis. Venetoclax (VEN), a BCL-2 inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of a variety of haematologic malignancies. VEN is primarily metabolized by CYP3A, and a variety of factors (such as CYP3A inhibitors, as well as food and hepatic functions) have been reported to significantly influence the metabolic process.

RUNX1 Induces Central Neuropathic Pain by Activating Microglia and Triggering the Inflammatory Response in Spinal Cord Injury.

Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a highly conserved transcription factor involved in immune regulation, inflammation, and nociceptive neuron differentiation. However, its role in central neuropathic pain (CNP) induced by SCI remains unclear. Here, we investigated RUNX1 expression after SCI and its impact on CNP.

Biosynthesis of D-threitol from biomass-derived xylose by engineering Trichosporonoides oedocephalis.

Xylose is the major pentose and the second most abundant sugar in the lignocellulosic feedstock. Metabolic engineering approaches have been employed to enhance the utilization rate of xylose in yeast. We previously modified Trichosporonoides oedocephalis ATCC 16958 and produced sugar alcohols, including xylitol and erythritol.

The mediation of trust on artificial intelligence anxiety and continuous adoption of artificial intelligence technology among primacy nurses: a cross-sectional study.

Background: AI learning anxiety and job substitution anxiety hinder the use of AI in healthcare. Primary nurses lack training resources, a strong sense of substitution risk, and weak organizational support. Trust is the key to solving AI anxiety and using AI among primary nurses.

Synergistic effects of notoginsenoside R1 and saikosaponin B2 in atherosclerosis: A novel approach targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and macrophage autophagy.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major global contributor to cardiovascular diseases and associated mortality. The traditional treatment primarily relies on statins; however, these drugs are often linked to side effects such as liver dysfunction and muscle impairment. Recent studies have highlighted the potential protective properties of saponin compounds derived from traditional herbal sources, such as notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1) and saikosaponin B2 (SSB2), in combating atherosclerosis.

A "Cocktail" Fluorescent Probe for Multi-ROS Imaging Unveils Ferroptosis-Driven Liver Fibrosis Development.

Liver fibrosis is a pathological repair response to chronic liver injury and may progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma if untreated. Currently, no approved therapies specifically target advanced liver fibrosis, thus exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis has become crucial. Previous studies have highlighted significant controversy regarding the role of ferroptosis in liver fibrosis.

Nebulized MSC exosomes promote the transdifferentiation of transitional state cells against acute lung injury through STAT3/Krt8/AQP5 axis.

The transdifferentiation of alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECIIs) to alveolar epithelial type I cells (AECIs) plays an important role in the epithelial repair in acute lung injury (ALI). Although transitional state cells have been reported to regenerate the alveolar epithelium surface and promote a repair process, the treatment of ALI based on transitional state cells has not been suggested. Here, we demonstrate that nebulized mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (MSC exosomes) can be used for ALI and MSC exosomes have the ability to promote the differentiation of transitional state cells into AECIs by regulating the STAT3/Krt8/AQP5 axis.

Cellular Redox Regulation and Fluorescence Imaging.

Cellular redox homeostasis governs numerous essential biological processes and presents broad implications in human health and diseases. Cells maintain the redox homeostasis by expression of some types of oxidants, reductants, and redox-active metals, while processing elaborate mechanisms to regulate their internal redox status. These biomolecules can serve as biomarkers to identify the alterations in redox status.

A J-shaped association between the atherogenic index of plasma and diabetes risk in a Japanese population: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.

Background: Atherosclerotic dyslipidemia has been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). While previous studies have established an association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and insulin resistance, there is a notable lack of large-scale cohort studies examining the relationship between AIP and the risk of T2D in the general population. Therefore, the present longitudinal study aims to examine the association between AIP and the risk of T2D in a cohort of Japanese adults.

Engineering waxy corn flour with sodium fatty acids: structural modifications and implications for diabetes management.

This study introduced a novel physical strategy to reduce the digestibility and glycemic index of starch-based foods by modifying waxy corn flour (WC) with sodium fatty acids (NaFAs) of varying carbon chain lengths. The aim was to elucidate the impact of these modifications on the structural and digestive properties of WC. The synthesis of WC-NaFA complexes revealed a pronounced relationship between WC digestibility and NaFA carbon chain length.

Therapeutic mRNA vaccines targeting human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein demonstrate significant antitumor efficacy in murine models of HPV-associated tumors.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and persistent high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection are considered to be the main causative factors in cervical cancer. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective HPV-targeted therapeutic strategies. In this study, we introduced mutations to E7 protein to eliminate its carcinogenic properties and used microfluidic technology to encapsulate mRNA in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to develop therapeutic HPV 16 E7 mRNA-LNP vaccine candidate.

Robust Current Sensing in Rectangular Conductors: Elliptical Hall-Effect Sensor Array Optimized via Bio-Inspired GWO-BP Neural Network.

Accurate current sensing in rectangular conductors is challenged by mechanical deformations, including eccentricity (X/Y-axis shifts) and inclination (Z-axis tilt), which distort magnetic field distributions and induce measurement errors. To address this, we propose a bio-inspired error compensation strategy integrating an elliptically configured Hall sensor array with a hybrid Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO)-enhanced backpropagation neural network. The eccentric displacement and tilt angle of the conductor are quantified via a three-dimensional magnetic field reconstruction and current inversion modeling.

Pickering emulsions stabilized by chitosan-zein-lipase particles for interfacial catalysis.

Lipase is widely used in the food industry, but its catalytic efficiency is limited by the insufficient enzyme-substrate contact. To address this issue, chitosan-zein complex particles immobilized lipase (CZPs-lipase) and the corresponding Pickering emulsion catalytic system (PEC) were fabricated. The results showed that the incorporation of zein increased the three-phase contact angle of the particles and decreased the particle size, facilitating lipase immobilization.

Dual Looping and Unlooping Wire Technique for Coronary Artery Aneurysm Angioplasty.

Objectives: We present a case in which a coronary aneurysm distorted the architecture of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), causing extreme difficulties in wiring followed by uncrossable balloon catheters. We demonstrated how we completed the angioplasty using dual 360° looping guidewires followed by unlooping of the guidewires.

Key Steps: LAD wiring was performed with a 360° looping guidewire technique.

Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles augments proliferation and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is closely related to Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and P. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) is the main pathogenic factor, which is associated with periodontitis, atherosclerosis and other diseases.

Revealing the role of U2AF1 in splicing regulation and chimeric RNA dynamics.

U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor 1 (U2AF1) gene is a pivotal splicing factor frequently mutated in various malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). U2AF1 plays a critical role in the recognition and processing of 3' splice sites during pre-mRNA splicing, thereby contributing to the regulation of gene expression and the generation of protein diversity. However, how U2AF1 contributes to the formation and regulation of different categories of chimeric RNAs remains elusive.