Chiral polymer dots for ratiometric enantioselective monitoring of D-cysteine in the brains of Alzheimer's disease mice.

It is imperative to develop reliable chiral discrimination methods to detect enantiomer D-cysteine (D-Cys) involved in brain chemistry to further understand its functions in pathological and physiological events in brains. We herein fabricated an integrated polymer dot (Pdot)-based nanoprobe, BFD@Ch-pdots, derived from a newly designed chiral polymer and Cys-responsive dye for ratiometric imaging of D-Cys in cells and brains. The Pdots exhibited high enantioselectivity, good biocompatibility, and efficient blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration.

Charting the path to better diabetes outcomes: Revealing psychosocial influences on medication adherence through the information-motivation-behavioral skills model among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Psychosocial factors like beliefs, distress, and behavioral skills affect medication adherence. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model addresses these through integrated knowledge, motivation, and skills to support adherence.

Objective: This study applied the IMB model to identify salient factors associated with medication adherence and glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), aiming to clarify mechanisms underlying non-adherence.

Signatures of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons embedded in a hexagonal boron nitride lattice.

Zigzag edges of graphene are predicted to host magnetic electronic states, critical for spintronics, but an experimental confirmation of these magnetic conduction channels remains elusive. Here we report the signatures of magnetism in zigzag graphene nanoribbons (zGNRs) embedded in hexagonal boron nitride. Hexagonal boron nitride provides crucial edge stabilization, enabling the direct probing of this intrinsic magnetism.

Unconventional scaling of the orbital Hall effect.

Orbital torque is a promising approach for electrically controlling magnetization in spintronic devices. However, unravelling the underlying mechanisms governing the orbital Hall effect (OHE), especially the role of extrinsic scattering and its scaling with conductivity (σ), is crucial for realizing the full potential of orbital torque in energy-efficient spintronic devices. Here, using SrRuO as a model system, we discover an unconventional scaling of orbital Hall conductivity ( ) with tunable σ.

Noncoding RNAs in periodontitis: Progress and perspectives (Review).

Periodontitis is the sixth most common chronic non‑infectious disease in the world. It mainly leads to the inflammatory destruction of periodontal supporting tissue, which has become the main cause of tooth loss in adults. Periodontitis is also a risk factor for various systemic diseases.

Limestone Conversion to Cement Clinker Precursor in a Zero-Gap Electrolyzer.

The carbon intensity of industrial cement production could be reduced by replacing the high-temperature kilns used to decompose limestone (CaCO). One possible solution is to use electrochemical reactors to convert CaCO into Ca(OH). The challenge is that most continuous-flow electrochemical reactors reported to date require voltages that are too high (>4 V at 100 mA cm) to be practical.

Validation of the Traditional Chinese Version of the Belief About Medicines Questionnaire-Specific Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan.

Background: Understanding personal beliefs about medications is an effective approach to improving adherence. A validated tool is essential for identifying these beliefs in routine clinical practice.

Objective: To validate the factor structure and reliability of the Traditional Chinese version of the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire-Specific (BMQ-Specific) among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Taiwan.

Key Elements and Theoretical Foundations for the Design and Delivery of Text Messages to Boost Medication Adherence in Patients With Diabetes, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia: Scoping Review.

Background: Medication nonadherence in cardiometabolic syndrome negatively impacts patients' quality of life, health care systems, and economic stability. Despite extensive research, no universally recognized strategy has been established to improve adherence. SMS text messaging has emerged as a widely accessible and cost-effective intervention, particularly when the intervention is structured using behavioral theories.

High-resolution mapping of single cells in spatial context.

Spatially resolved transcriptomic technologies have emerged as pivotal tools for elucidating molecular regulation and cellular interplay within the intricate tissue microenvironment, but hampered by insufficient gene recovery or challenges in achieving intact single-cell resolution. Here, we develop Cellular Mapping of Attributes with Position (CMAP), a method that efficiently maps large-scale individual cells to their precise spatial locations by integrating single-cell and spatial data through a divide--and--conquer strategy. Analysis of both simulated and real datasets shows that CMAP performs effectively and is adaptable across diverse data types and sequencing platforms.

Effects of the Soothe Vision well-being tool on university students' mood: a pilot study.

Unlabelled: The well-being tool was designed through co-production with young people, combining soothing images from and literary quotes and music to produce a set of soothing videos. The present research was a pilot study evaluating its effects on mood states in university students. Specifically, it examined if the tool (intervention group) was more effective than viewing the soothing images from alone (control group) in producing positive mood changes.

Engineering waxy corn flour with sodium fatty acids: structural modifications and implications for diabetes management.

This study introduced a novel physical strategy to reduce the digestibility and glycemic index of starch-based foods by modifying waxy corn flour (WC) with sodium fatty acids (NaFAs) of varying carbon chain lengths. The aim was to elucidate the impact of these modifications on the structural and digestive properties of WC. The synthesis of WC-NaFA complexes revealed a pronounced relationship between WC digestibility and NaFA carbon chain length.

Nanotechnology-driven advances in intranasal vaccine delivery systems against infectious diseases.

Outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases have consistently threatened human health. Since vaccinations are a powerful tool for preventing infectious illnesses, developing new vaccines is essential. Compared to traditional injectable vaccines, mucosal vaccines have the potential to offer more effective immune protection at mucosal sites.

Associations of interpersonal and socioeconomic early life adversity dimensions with adolescents' corticolimbic circuits, cognition, and mental health.

Early life adversity (ELA) is highly prevalent and has significant detrimental effects on children's brain development and behavioral outcomes. However, associations of threat, unpredictability, and deprivation in dimensional models of ELA with corticolimbic circuits were unclear. Previous studies have highlighted the effects of proximity, especially the distinctions between interpersonal and socioeconomic ELA, on children's neurodevelopment.

Tunable chiral magneto-transport through band structure engineering in magnetic topological insulators Mn(BiSb)Te.

Berry curvature and spin texture are representative tuning parameters that govern spin-orbit coupling-related physics and are also the foundation for future device applications. Here, we investigate the impact of the Sb-to-Bi ratio on shaping the electronic band structure and its correlated first- and second-harmonic magneto-transport signals in the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn(BiSb)Te. First-principles calculations reveal that the introduction of Sb not only triggers a topological phase transition but also changes the integral of the Berry curvature at the shifted Fermi level, which leads to the reversal of the anomalous Hall resistance polarity for Sb fractions > 0.

Structural and Catalytic Characterization of β-1,3-Glucan Synthases of Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum.

β-Glucans are regarded as the key contributors to nutritional and supplementary credits of well-known edible/medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. However, the biosynthesis pathways of β-glucans and the involved key enzymes/genes in G. lucidum are still not well investigated.

Detection of donepezil concentration in serum by solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based on magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer.

Donepezil is a drug used to treat Alzheimer's disease, and its efficacy is closely related to the concentration of the drug in the serum. Therefore, monitoring the concentration of donepezil in the serum is crucial for evaluating the treatment effect and avoiding adverse reactions. In this study, a new method for determining the concentration of donepezil in serum was established by combining magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technology.

Association of the triglyceride glucose-waist height ratio with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis.

Background And Objective: This study evaluated the associations of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index or its attendant parameters, known as reliable measures of insulin resistance, with asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (aICAS), along with their value for distinguishing individuals with a notable aICAS burden.

Methods: This study enrolled 2000 participants (aged ≥ 40 years) based on the Rose asymptomatic IntraCranial Artery Stenosis study. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound combined with magnetic resonance angiography was utilized to confirm aICAS.

CRISPR-Cas9/Safe Harbor-Targeted Overexpression of Glucan Synthase Gene in Edible Mushroom .

The membrane-integrated β-1,3-glucan synthase is the key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the core component β-1,3-glucan of the fungal cell wall. To date, the precise and targeted insertion of the β-1,3-glucan synthase gene into the genomes of edible fungi for safe and predictable overexpression has been extremely difficult due to the large DNA sequences (>5.0 kb) encoding the multitransmembrane domains and large molecular weights.

Main-Group p-Block Metal-Doped CN Monolayers as Efficient Electrocatalysts for NO-to-NH Conversion: A Computational Study.

The electrochemical NO reduction reaction (NORR) toward NH synthesis not only helps address issues of air pollution but also holds significant energy and economic value, making it an innovative method with broad application prospects. However, designing NORR electrocatalysts that are both highly active and selective remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we study the main-group p-block metal (M = Al, Ga, and In)-doped CN monolayers as promising single-atom catalysts (SACs) for NORR through spin-polarized first-principles calculations.

LincRNA-ASAO promotes dental pulp repair through interacting with PTBP1 to increase ALPL alternative splicing.

Background: Alternative splicing not only expands the genetic encoding of genes but also determines cellular activities. This study aimed to elucidate the regulation mechanism and biological functions of lincRNA-ASAO in the process of odontogenesis-related genes alternative splicing mediated odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs.

Methods: RACE, RNA-seq, FISH and bioinformatics techniques were used to identify novel lincRNA-ASAO.

Combined effects of prenatal ozone exposure and school/neighborhood environments on youth brain, cognition, and psychotic-like experiences.

Background: Humans are inevitably exposed to multiple physical and social environmental risk factors, potentially contributing to psychiatric problems and cognitive deficits; however, the combined effects of prenatal air pollution and psychosocial environments on youth remain unclear. This longitudinal study aimed to examine how prenatal ozone exposure interacts with psychosocial environments at 9-10 years to affect adolescent limbic system development, cognition, and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) at 11-13 years.

Methods: We analyzed data from 6,778 participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® at two time points (baseline: 9-10 years and 2-year follow-up).

Spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas of developing mouse lung.

The functional development of the mammalian lung is a complex process that relies on the spatial and temporal organization of multiple cell types and their states. However, a comprehensive spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas of the developing lung has not yet been reported. Here we apply high-throughput spatial transcriptomics to allow for a comprehensive assessment of mouse lung development comprised of two critical developmental events: branching morphogenesis and alveologenesis.

Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Traditional Chinese eHealth Literacy Scale among adults with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The rise in online health information access has shifted health-seeking behaviors, yet a validated tool to assess eHealth literacy for the Taiwanese context remains unavailable. This study aimed to translate the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) into Traditional Chinese and validate its factor structure and reliability among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: The original 8-item eHEALS was translated into Traditional Chinese (eHEALS-TC) using forward and backward translation techniques, with input from four experts in pharmacy practice and educational psychology.

Translation and Validation of the Medication Understanding and Use Self-Efficacy Scale Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Taiwan.

Objective: The study aimed to translate and assess the validity and reliability of the Traditional Chinese version of the Medication Understanding and Use Self-Efficacy Scale (MUSE-TC) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Taiwan.

Methods: The original 8-item MUSE was translated into Traditional Chinese using a forward and backward translation method. The translations were reviewed by four experts in pharmacy practice and educational psychology.