Promoting exciton dissociation of covalent organic frameworks via donor-acceptor characteristic modulation for enhanced HO photocatalytic production.

Post-synthetic modification (PSM) offers a promising approach for tailoring the compositional, structural, and electronic properties of covalent organic frameworks (COFs), thereby enhancing their exciton dissociation ability and facilitating charge transfer. The effectiveness of these approaches is largely compromised by the harsh conditions, complexity, and alteration of the original structure. Therefore, developing a facile yet effective PSM for modulating COFs' properties without altering the original geometry and/or structure is a challenge.

The effect of leverage manipulation on real estate firms' financial risk: Based on the interest conflicts perspective.

From the perspective of interest conflicts, this study investigates the relationship between corporate leverage manipulation and financial risk using a sample of A-share listed real estate firms in China from 2009 to 2023. Employing a two-way fixed effects model, the main findings are as follows: (1) Leverage manipulation significantly increases the level of financial risk among real estate firms; (2) Mechanism analysis reveals a collusion effect between controlling shareholders and management, as well as between external auditors and management, both of which significantly amplify the impact of leverage manipulation on financial risk. These findings support the collusion effect hypothesis and reject the monitoring effect hypothesis; (3) Heterogeneity tests show that the impact of leverage manipulation on financial risk is more pronounced in non-state-owned enterprises, in firms dominated by transactional institutional investors, and in regions with lower reliance on land finance.

Effectiveness and Safety of Reduced-Dose Prasugrel in an East Asian Population: PRASFIT-ACS Emulation Using National Health Insurance Claims Data.

Prasugrel is recommended for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, East Asians exhibit a stronger antiplatelet response, raising concerns about bleeding risks with standard dosing. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the real-world effectiveness and safety of reduced-dose prasugrel in an East Asian population by emulating the pivotal PRASFIT-ACS trial using Taiwan's National Health Insurance claims data.

Inhibitor-Dependent Tolerance of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase Driven by Single Mutation-Induced Conformational Changes.

The emergence of metallo-β-lactamases as formidable adversaries in the antimicrobial resistance crisis stems from their unparalleled capacity to hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics. This study deciphers the evolutionary strategy of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) variants through studies of conformational dynamics. We employ hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) to map conformational landscapes of NDM in the ligand-free state and in the bound states with inhibitors l-captopril, d-captopril, ebselen, and aspergillomarasmine A (AMA), respectively.

Exercise-preconditioning attenuates TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial injury through activating NRF2.

Exercise protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. We applied the established transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model to induce pressure overload and heart failure, and found that exercise prior to the operation significantly attenuated TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and systolic dysfunction. Notably, these reduction are strongly associated with activation of SIRT1-NRF2 pathway and improved oxidative stress which is robustly elevated in the control sedentary TAC mice.

Quantitative evaluation and obstacle factor diagnosis of drug regulatory capacity in China.

Objective: To quantitatively evaluate the drug regulatory capacity in China, aiming to optimize the drug regulatory system, precisely enhance local regulatory effectiveness, and reduce regional regulatory disparities.

Methods: Using the methods of literature research, expert interviews, investigation and analysis, the quantitative evaluation indicator system of supervision ability was established in all directions; the indicator data were collected and quantified; the indicator weight setting algorithm of the evaluation system was improved and the indicator weight was set by combining AHP and entropy method; the differences among eastern, central, and western provincial-level regions were analyzed by variance analysis; panel data were constructed for spatio-temporal evolution analysis; obstacle factor diagnosis model was used to analyze the obstacle factors.

Results: The quantitative indicator system was constructed from five aspects: resource acquisition, function performance, learning and development, performance level and Internet application,and the relevant indicators of pharmacovigilance and risk response were analyzed at the national macro level.

A cisplatin prodrug-based self-assembling ozone delivery nanosystem sensitizes radiotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer.

Lacking therapeutic targets highlights the crucial roles of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the clinical management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To relieve the side effects of the chemoradiotherapy combination regimen, we design and develop a self-assembled micelle nanosystem consisting of perfluorocarbon chain-modified cisplatin prodrug. By incorporating perfluorodecalin, this nanosystem can effectively carry ozone and promote irradiation-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Prevalence and influencing factors of pruritus in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of Chronic Kidney Disease-associated Pruritus (CKD-aP) among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in China through a meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic computerized search was conducted across ten databases, including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library, to identify studies on the prevalence and influencing factors of pruritus among Chinese hemodialysis patients up to January 2025. Two independent graduate students conducted literature screening, data extraction, and bias risk assessment for the included studies.

Nanotechnology-driven advances in intranasal vaccine delivery systems against infectious diseases.

Outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases have consistently threatened human health. Since vaccinations are a powerful tool for preventing infectious illnesses, developing new vaccines is essential. Compared to traditional injectable vaccines, mucosal vaccines have the potential to offer more effective immune protection at mucosal sites.

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence-Guided Photodynamic Therapy Through Skeleton-Homologous Nanoparticles: a Rational Material Design for High-Efficient and High-Contrast Theranostics.

Although photoluminescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) is promising for theranostics, it easily suffers from tissue autofluorescence and PDT photoproducts. To develop time-resolved imaging (TRI)-guided PDT with long-lived emission pathways, like thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is urgent but challenging, because of the triplet competition between radiative transition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Herein, skeleton-homologous nanoparticles are designed and constructed to address this dilemma, thereby achieving in vivo TRI-guided PDT for the first time.

Self-management assessment tools for people with hypertension: a scoping review.

Background: This is a scoping review of the evidence for the use of the Patient Self-Management Assessment Tool for Hypertension (PAT) in people with hypertension. This review examines the content features, reliability, and validity of the PAT for people with Hypertension, as well as contextual and environmental evidence for the tool implementation in clinical practice.

Objective: To synthesize and evaluate the self-management assessment tools available for people with hypertensive, and to guide healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate tools.

Methods and instruments for the evaluation of food texture: Advances and perspectives.

Evaluation of food texture is crucial for product development and quality control in the food industry. To objectively evaluate the texture, the methods to characterize the texture attributes by instruments become increasingly important. This review mainly introduces the advances of instrumental methods by rheology and tribology in food texture studies, with a focus on the instrumental applications in four complex texture attributes, including thickness, astringency, creaminess, and graininess.

Massage-Mimicking Nanosheets Mechanically Reorganize Inter-organelle Contacts to Restore Mitochondrial Functions in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is exacerbated by dysfunction of inter-organelle contact, which depends on cellular responses to the mechanical microenvironment and can be regulated by external mechanical forces. Delivering dynamic mechanical forces to neural cells proves challenging due to the skull. Inspired by the effects of massage; here PEGylated black phosphorus nanosheets (PEG-BPNS), known for their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, specific surface area, mechanical strength, and flexibility, are introduced, which are capable of adhering to neural cell membrane and generating mechanical stimulation with their lateral size of 200 nm, exhibiting therapeutic potential in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-te-trahydropyridine-induced PD mouse model by regulating inter-organelle contacts.

Active case finding using mobile vans with artificial intelligence aided radiology tests and sputum collection for rapid diagnostic tests to reduce tuberculosis prevalence among high-risk population in rural China: Protocol for a pragmatic trial.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health challenge, particularly in rural areas of high-burden countries like China. Active case finding (ACF) and timely treatment have been proven effective in reducing TB prevalence, but the impact on the TB epidemic when employing new technologies in ACF is still unknown. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive ACF package utilizing mobile vans equipped with artificial intelligence (AI)-aided radiology and GeneXpert testing in reducing TB prevalence among high-risk populations in rural Guangxi, China.

Noninvasively Real-Time Monitoring In-Vivo Immune Cell and Tumor Cell Interaction by NIR-II Nanosensor.

Immunocytotherapy holds significant promise as a novel cancer treatment, but its effectiveness is often hindered by delayed responses, requiring evaluations every 2-3 weeks based on current diagnostic methods. Early assessment of immune cell-tumor cell interactions could provide more timely insights into therapeutic efficacy, enabling adjustments to treatment plans. In this study, a noninvasive nanosensor (C8R-DSNP) for real-time monitoring of in vivo immune cell activities in the second near-infrared long-wavelength (NIR-II-L) window (1500-1900 nm), which offers deep tissue transparency, is reported.

Application of biomimetic tongue substrate to investigate the role of friction and vibration in sensory texture perception.

This study proposed a novel biomimetic tongue substrate to better understand food texture perception, expanding the scope of this mechanism from merely friction to also include vibration in oral lubrication. With our bioinspired setup, friction and vibration signals were simultaneously acquired using the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel substrates fabricated with different parameters of surface roughness and thickness. Results showed that the feature parameters of friction coefficient and vibration amplitude were positively correlated to surface roughness, while substrate thickness had little effect on these features.

A systematic review of psychological distress reduction programs among nurses in emergency departments.

Background: Emergency department (ED) nurses experience high levels of psychological distress. Practical programs that alleviate psychological distress are essential for enhancing the mental well-being of nurses, which in turn can mitigate the potential adverse effects on the quality of emergency care. However, no systematic review has been conducted.

Promotion of triple negative breast cancer immunotherapy by combining bioactive radicals with immune checkpoint blockade.

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized clinical cancer treatment, the efficacy is limited due to the lack of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and the presence of compensatory immune checkpoints. To overcome the deficiency, a nano-system loaded with ozone and CD47 inhibitor RRx-001 is designed and synthesized. Upon irradiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from ozone reacts with nitric oxide (NO) metabolized from RRx-001 to form reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which presents a much stronger cell-killing ability than ROS.

Heat-Killed subsp. 557 Extracts Protect Chondrocytes from Osteoarthritis Damage by Reducing Inflammation: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition characterized by joint pain and disability, driven by excessive oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production in chondrocytes, resulting in cell death and cartilage matrix breakdown. Our previous study showed that in monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rats, oral administration of heat-killed subsp. 557 (LDL557) could significantly decrease OA progression.

An Emerging Toolkit of Ho Sensitized Lanthanide Nanocrystals with NIR-II Excitation and Emission for Bioimaging.

Optical imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) holds great promise for biomedical detection due to reduced tissue scattering and autofluorescence. However, the rational design of NIR-II probes with superior excitation wavelengths to balance the effects of tissue scattering and water absorption remains a great challenge. To address this issue, here we developed a series of Ho-sensitized lanthanide (Ln) nanocrystals (NaYF: Ho, Ln@NaYF) excited at 1143 nm, featuring tunable emissions ranging from 1000 to 2200 nm for bioimaging.

Associations of frailty with survival, hospitalization, functional decline, and toxicity among older adults with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: Among older adults with cancer receiving chemotherapy, frailty indices predict OS and toxicity. Given the increased use of immunotherapy and targeted therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC), we evaluated frailty and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) among older adults with aNSCLC receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and/or targeted therapy.

Methods: Patients aged ≥ 65 with aNSCLC starting systemic therapy with non-curative intent underwent geriatric assessments over 6 months.

Synaptic interactions between stellate cells and parvalbumin interneurons in layer 2 of the medial entorhinal cortex are organized at the scale of grid cell clusters.

Interactions between excitatory and inhibitory neurons are critical to computations in cortical circuits but their organization is difficult to assess with standard electrophysiological approaches. Within the medial entorhinal cortex, representation of location by grid and other spatial cells involves circuits in layer 2 in which excitatory stellate cells interact with each other via inhibitory parvalbumin expressing interneurons. Whether this connectivity is structured to support local circuit computations is unclear.

Gasdermin D promotes development of intestinal tumors through regulating IL-1β release and gut microbiota composition.

The interplay between gut microbiota and host is crucial for maintaining host health. When this balance is broken, various diseases can arise, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanism by which gut microbiota and host interactions mediate CRC development remains unclear.

Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults Diagnosed With Hematologic Malignant Neoplasms.

Importance: More people are surviving long-term after diagnosis with hematologic malignant neoplasm (HMN), yet there are limited data on cancer-related cognitive impairment in people with HMN. Better understanding cognitive outcomes after HMN in older adults is important for patient counseling and management.

Objective: To model cognitive trajectories and rates of cognitive decline before and after HMN diagnosis in older adults compared with a matched noncancer cohort.

The Oral Administration of subsp. 557 (LDL557) Ameliorates the Progression of Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis.

Low-grade body inflammation is a major cause of osteoarthritis (OA), a common joint disease. Gut dysbiosis may lead to systemic inflammation which can be prevented by probiotic administration. The subsp.