Effect of LPJZ-658 on caecum microbiota and serum metabolomics of Luhua broiler.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of LPJZ-658 on body weight and serum indexes of Luhua broiler, and to explore the relevant mechanism of probiotic function of LPJZ-658 based on intestinal microbiota and serum metabolomics.

Methods: One hundred one-day-old Luhua broiler were randomly divided into the control group (CON) and LPJZ-658 treatment group (LPJZ-658). The CON group was fed a basal diet, and the LPJZ-658 group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 2 × 10 cfu/kg of LPJZ-658.

Effect of Metal-Metal Distance on the Performance of Dual-Atom Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: A Density Functional Theory and Micro-kinetics Study.

Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) display excellent activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The dual-metal configuration allows for synergistic interactions and tailored adsorption of key intermediates, thereby breaking traditional OH-OOH scaling relations and enabling dissociative O activation pathways. Recent studies suggest that the metal-metal (M-M) distance within DACs critically influences their electronic structure and catalytic behavior; however, a deep understanding of M-M distance effects on ORR thermodynamics and kinetics is presently lacking.

Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Activity of the -(4-(1H-1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)phenyl)-substituted-amide Derivatives.

To discover novel, potent anticonvulsant compounds, a series of compounds containing triazole structural fragments were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity. Compounds (maximal electroshock (MES), 50% effective dose (ED) = 13.1 mg/kg; subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ), ED = 19.

Channel-Type Engineering in an InSe-Based Transistor: Paving a Way for Next-Generation Reconfigurable Electronics.

Achieving reversible n/p-type switching in two-dimensional semiconductors is crucial for reconfigurable nanoelectronic devices. Here, we demonstrate a fully reversible channel-type conversion in InSe-based transistors via ultraviolet-ozone oxidation and thermal annealing, enabling stable bidirectional polarity switching. Electrical, spectroscopic, and microscopic analyses reveal that the reversible-type conversion originates from the intercalation and elimination of oxygen in layered InSe.

Advances in stem cell-based therapeutics for acute high-altitude illness: research progress and prospects.

Acute high-altitude illness (AHAI), triggered by hypobaric hypoxia following rapid ascent to high elevations, induces complex pathophysiological responses that may be life-threatening. Recent advances in regenerative medicine have highlighted the therapeutic potential of stem cells in mitigating hypoxia-induced damage. Among them, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the most extensively investigated, exert therapeutic efficacy through immunomodulation, attenuation of oxidative stress, and enhancement of tissue repair mechanisms.

Luminescence characterization and performance modulation of CaScBO: Eu near-infrared phosphors for night vision lighting applications.

To facilitate the development of near-infrared light sources for photovoltaic and night-vision lighting applications, it is crucial to obtain novel near-infrared emitting phosphors. Herein, a novel Eu-activated broadband near-infrared emitting phosphor CaScBO: Eu is reported. Under 558 nm light excitation, CaScBO: Eu exhibits broadband near-infrared emission centered at 780 nm with a full width at half maxima of 147 nm.

Collective behavior of higher-order globally coupled oscillatory networks in response to positive and negative couplings.

Collective behavior is among the most fascinating complex dynamics in coupled networks with applications in various fields. Recent works have shown that higher-order interactions widely exist in complex systems. Both positive couplings among nodes, as the majority of studies have assumed, and negative couplings are very common in real-world systems, like physiological networks.

Hard-Soft-Acid-Base Management Enabled Bright and Stable Pure-Blue Perovskite Quantum Dot LEDs.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have achieved external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) exceeding 20% at a practical luminance (>1000 cd m) for real-world applications in the green and red regions. However, the pure-blue perovskite QD LEDs still suffer from low efficiency at high luminance: the EQE of the reported best device at 600 cd m is below 7.0%.

Titanium ions promote tomato growth and increase stress resistance.

Background: Titanium ions can significantly promote plant growth and increase crop yield, yet the underlying mechanism remains an enigma. This study investigated the effect of titanium ions on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by foliar spraying and root irrigation with titanium ion solution (8 mg/L) in both pot and field trials.

Results: Pot and field trials showed that exogenous titanium ions significantly stimulated plant growth and root system development, enhanced antioxidant capacity, alleviated Blossom end rot and saline-alkali stress.

Protects Against Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Through Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses and Apoptosis via Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Background: Steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is bone death resulting from the use of chronic glucocorticoids. Due to its high incidence and lack of effective treatment, which is still a challenging problem in orthopedic surgery. Cornus officinalis (SZY) is usually used as a traditional use for the treatment of SONFH and plays a major role in traditional prescriptions, however, the specific pharmacological mechanisms of action remain unclear.

Europium(II) Activated Blue-Cyan Aluminosilicate Phosphors with Zero Thermal Quenching.

The ″cyan gap″ is the bottleneck of full-visible-spectrum white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), and the development of high thermal stability blue-cyan phosphors plays a decisive role in compensating for the cyan gap. Herein, we report a blue-cyan-emitting celsian phosphor prepared using Ba-doped LTA/FAUX zeolite. Excited by UV light, celsian phosphors show a super broad emission at the blue-cyan range with a full width at half-maximum (fwhm) more than 100 nm, the broadband emission effectively eliminates the cyan gap and has excellent thermal quenching resistance (120% @ 25 °C).

Coaxial emulsion electrospinning fiber films loaded with OEO for active packaging of pork.

Microbial growth and reproduction, facilitated by the high moisture content and nutrient density of pork, are the primary contributors to its spoilage. This not only leads to significant food waste but also poses serious risks to public health. To mitigate these issues, a coaxial emulsion electrospun nanofiber film was developed, utilizing chitosan (CS) as the shell and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/oregano essential oil (OEO) emulsion as the core.

Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis for the Identification of Hub Genes and Critical Signaling Pathways Differentiating Latent and Active Tuberculosis.

Objectives: Population with Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is the principal source of active tuberculosis (ATB) cases. The identification of reliable diagnostic biomarkers is critical for the prevention and control of the progression from LTBI to ATB. The aim of this study is to screen biomarkers that can distinguish LTBI from ATB patients by using a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis strategy.

Prevalence and influencing factors of pruritus in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of Chronic Kidney Disease-associated Pruritus (CKD-aP) among maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in China through a meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic computerized search was conducted across ten databases, including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library, to identify studies on the prevalence and influencing factors of pruritus among Chinese hemodialysis patients up to January 2025. Two independent graduate students conducted literature screening, data extraction, and bias risk assessment for the included studies.

Rapid clearance of achiral small-molecule drugs using de novo-designed proteins and their cyclic and mirror-image variants.

Small-molecule-binding proteins can neutralize toxins and cytotoxic drugs, but their development is hindered by unpredictable in vivo behaviour and the poor immunogenicity of small molecules, which limits antibody-based approaches. Here we present a strategy to engineer de novo-designed proteins for the effective clearance of Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs in healthy mice. As a proof of concept, we designed proteins that bind to the anticoagulant apixaban.

Novel Computational Approaches in the Discovery and Identification of Bioactive Peptides: A Bioinformatics Perspective.

Bioactive peptides are protein molecules known for their specific biological functions, offering promising applications across various fields including medicine, food, and cosmetics. Traditional approaches to the investigation of bioactive peptides typically encompass extraction, separation, purification, identification, and experimental evaluation. However, these methodologies are frequently subject to human-related variables, which consequently lead to reduced efficiency and compromised accuracy.

BCMA/GPRC5D bispecific CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease: a single-center, single-arm, phase 1 trial.

Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) with extramedullary disease (EMD) represents a challenging condition, with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. We conducted a phase 1 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel bispecific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting two antigens, B-cell maturation antigen and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D (BCMA/GPRC5D), in this high-risk population. A total of 12 patients were enrolled, of whom 3 were excluded due to disease progression or death before CAR T-cell infusion, despite meeting the inclusion criteria, leaving 9 for analysis.

Investigating Floating-Gate Topology Influence on van der Waals Memory Performance.

As a critical storage technology, the material selection and structural design of flash memory devices are pivotal to their storage density and operational characteristics. Although van der Waals materials can potentially take over the scaling roadmap of silicon-based technologies, the scaling mechanisms and optimization principles at low-dimensional scales remain to be systematically unveiled. In this study, we experimentally demonstrated that the floating-gate length can significantly affect the memory window characteristics of memory devices.

Evaluation of viscosity adjustment effects on the mechanical properties of grouting used in high-bench slopes.

In this work, polyurethane grouting materials were applied for the first time to reinforce high bench slopes in open-pit coal mines. To address the issue of high viscosity, the effect of viscosity modifiers on the structure and mechanical properties of two-component polyurethane grouting materials was investigated. By adjusting the concentration of the viscosity modifier, it was found that increasing in modifier content led to a decrease in the tensile, shear, compressive and bond strength of the specimens.

Risk factors for coronary artery calcification in Chinese patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: a meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, with coronary artery calcification (CAC) affecting 70% of Chinese maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Prolonged MHD treatment is linked to calcium-phosphorus imbalance and accelerated CAC progression. However, conflicting findings on CAC risk factors persist due to methodological heterogeneity in existing studies.

Self-management assessment tools for people with hypertension: a scoping review.

Background: This is a scoping review of the evidence for the use of the Patient Self-Management Assessment Tool for Hypertension (PAT) in people with hypertension. This review examines the content features, reliability, and validity of the PAT for people with Hypertension, as well as contextual and environmental evidence for the tool implementation in clinical practice.

Objective: To synthesize and evaluate the self-management assessment tools available for people with hypertensive, and to guide healthcare professionals in selecting appropriate tools.

Ultrastructure of the Sensilla on Antennae and Mouthparts of Larval and Adult (Coleoptera: Brentidae).

The quarantine pest, , is a key pest of sweet potatoes during both production and storage, posing a major threat to food security in various countries. To investigate behavioral mechanisms, the ultrastructure of the heads of larval and adult stages was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, with an emphasis on the sensilla of the mouthparts and antennae. The results reveal degeneration of the antennae and ocelli in larvae.

Enhanced electrochemiluminescence of mixed-ligand metal-organic framework with suppressed non-radiative transitions for "signal-off" biosensing of β-galactosidase.

Organic molecular emitters usually suffer from the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, which significantly decreases their electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency. This work designed a straightforward strategy to alleviate the ACQ effect and thus improve the ECL efficiency by employing a donor-acceptor (D-A) type ligand containing benzothiadiazole group and another ligand with identical connectivity to assemble a mixed-ligand zirconium-based metal organic framework (m-Zr-MOF). Upon the formation of a reticular structure and the distance increase between two ligands, the m-Zr-MOF exhibited alleviating ACQ effect due to the suppressed non-radiative transitions, which was confirmed by the improvements of both quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime.

Rational design of GH11 xylanase to balance the activity-stability trade-off.

Enhancements of enzyme stability often compromise activity; thus, achieving an optimal balance between stability and activity poses a significant challenge in enzyme engineering. Our study investigated the stability-activity trade-off using the GH11 xylanase XynII as a model. A rational design strategy integrating crystal structure analysis and molecular dynamics simulations was used to distinguish regions important for structural stability and catalytic activity.