Dual-active engineering of NiFe LDH nanosheets with anion intercalation and oxygen vacancies for high-performance aqueous nickel-zinc batteries.

Herein, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate (BTC) intercalation and oxygen vacancy engineering are proposed to enhance the electrochemical performance of layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets. The optimized LDH exhibits a remarkable capacity of 426 mAh g at 3 A g and 70% capacity retention after 15 000 cycles, attributed to improved ion transport, abundant active sites, and structural stability.

Recent advances in presodiation strategies for hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries.

Hard carbon (HC) has emerged as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) owing to its low cost, abundant renewable resources, and high specific capacity. However, its practical application is significantly hindered by the severe initial irreversible capacity loss resulting from sodium consumption during the first cycle. To address this issue, a variety of presodiation strategies have been developed to compensate for the sodium loss and improve the initial coulombic efficiency.

Geographic variation in chemical composition and bioactivity of Valeriana wallichii root oils: implications for botanical fumigant development against stored-product insects.

Background: Stored-product insects (Sitophilus spp., Plodia interpunctella, Sitotroga cerealella) drive substantial postharvest losses and increasingly resist synthetic fumigants. Valeriana wallichii roots yield volatile oils rich in short-chain acids and sesquiterpenes.

An aptasensor-based fluorescent signal amplification strategy for highly sensitive detection of mycotoxins.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most toxic mycotoxins that pose great health threats to humans. Herein, an aptasensor-based fluorescent signal amplification strategy is developed for the detection of AFB1. Initially, the AFB1 aptamers labelled with carboxyfluorescein (FAM) are adsorbed onto graphene oxide (GO), triggering energy transfer.

Photo-decarbonylation of aldehydes by -W(N)(dppe) at room temperature.

Despite great advances in decarbonylation of aldehydes using noble metals, the reaction is largely limited to high reaction temperatures and displays poor functional group tolerance. Herein, we report photo-irradiated decarbonylation of aldehydes, promoted by -W(N)(dppe), at room temperature. A wide range of substrates with diverse functional groups underwent decarbonylation efficiently to give the corresponding arene and alkane products in moderate to high yields.

Systematic analyses uncover plasma proteins linked to incident cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) research is hindered by limited comprehensive analyses of plasma proteome across disease subtypes. Here, we systematically investigated the associations between plasma proteins and cardiovascular outcomes in 53,026 UK Biobank participants over a 14-year follow-up. Association analyses identified 3,089 significant associations involving 892 unique protein analytes across 13 CVD outcomes.

A comprehensive panel of testing for amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis encompasses a spectrum of rare disorders characterized by extracellular amyloid deposition. Achieving an accurate early diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis necessitates biopsy-specific pathological evaluation. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens were examined using Congo red staining, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence, and Congo red-assisted laser microdissection with mass spectrometry (LMD/MS).

Improved cyclability of high-voltage LiCoO by the coating of medium-entropy nanomaterials.

Although improving the charging cutoff voltage is an effective strategy to increase its capacity, LiCoO ("LCO") undergoes rapid capacity decay due to severe structural and interface degradations at high voltages. Herein, we proposed a multifunctional surface modification by coating nano-sized entropy materials (Li-La-Ti-Zr-Co-O, Nano-MEO). Nano-MEO rivets were constructed on the surface of LCO, which stabilized the fragile surface.

Environmental Stresses Constrain Soil Microbial Community Functions by Regulating Deterministic Assembly and Niche Width.

Increasing evidence indicates that the loss of soil microbial α-diversity triggered by environmental stress negatively impacts microbial functions; however, the effects of microbial α-diversity on community functions under environmental stress are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the changes in bacterial and fungal α- diversity along gradients of five natural stressors (temperature, precipitation, plant diversity, soil organic C and pH) across 45 grasslands in China and evaluated their connection with microbial functional traits. By quantifying the five environmental stresses into an integrated stress index, we found that the bacterial and fungal α-diversity declined under high environmental stress across three soil layers (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm).

High-entropy spinel (FeCoNiMnCr)O nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes for enhanced electrochemical seawater oxidation.

High-performance, low-cost electrocatalysts are essential for freshwater-independent seawater electrolysis. We design a SWCNT-supported (FeCoNiMnCr)O high-entropy spinel oxide by a hydrothermal method and air-firing, where the conductive network enhances charge transfer and active site exposure. The catalyst achieves 282 mV@10 mA cm with 100 h stability in alkaline seawater.

Retinal biomarkers in cognitive impairment and dementia: Structural, functional, and molecular insights.

Cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), pose a global health crisis, necessitating non-invasive biomarkers for early detection. This review highlights the retina, an accessible extension of the central nervous system (CNS), as a window to cerebral pathology through structural, functional, and molecular alterations. By synthesizing interdisciplinary evidence, we identify retinal biomarkers as promising tools for early diagnosis and risk stratification.

Effect of preparation method on the structure and properties of kaempferol-loaded zein-gum arabic nanoparticles.

Background: Kaempferol (KAE), a bioactive flavonoid, has limited solubility and stability in water. Zein-gum arabic (GA) nanoparticles (NPs) are promising carriers for KAE, but the influence of preparation methods on their structure and properties remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of preparation method on the structure and properties of KAE-loaded zein-GA NPs.

P3IPs activate autophagy by disrupting the GAPC2-ATG3 interaction and target TuMV 6K2 for degradation.

Our previous work identified p3-interacting protein (P3IP) as a novel plant factor that interacts with rice stripe virus p3 protein and activates autophagy to mediate its degradation, thereby restricting infection. However, the mechanism of P3IP-mediated autophagy and the evolutionary conservation of its antiviral function remain unknown. This study demonstrates that two Arabidopsis thaliana homologs, AtP3IP and AtP3IPH (Arabidopsis P3IP homologs, AtP3IPs), similarly activate autophagy and confer resistance to turnip mosaic virus (TuMV).

Multiyear Drought Strengthens Positive and Negative Functional Diversity Effects on Tree Growth Response.

Mixed-species forests are proposed to enhance tree resistance and resilience to drought. However, growing evidence shows that tree species richness does not consistently improve tree growth responses to drought. The underlying mechanisms remain uncertain, especially under unprecedented multiyear droughts.

Curvilinear Peri-Brainstem Hyperintense Signals as a Marker of Leptomeningeal Metastases in Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Case Series.

Unlabelled: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a severe complication of solid malignancies, including lung adenocarcinoma, characterized by poor prognosis and diagnostic challenges. This study assesses whether curvilinear peri-brainstem hyperintense signals on MRI are a characteristic feature of LM in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from multiple centers, encompassing lung adenocarcinoma patients with peri-brainstem curvilinear hyperintense signals on MRI between January 2016 and March 2022.

fNIRS Biomarkers for Stratifying Poststroke Cognitive Impairment: Evidence From Frontal and Temporal Cortex Activation.

Background: Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) affects 30% to 50% of stroke survivors, severely impacting functional outcomes and quality of life. This study uses functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess task-evoked brain activation and its potential for stratifying the severity in patients with PSCI.

Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Nanchong Central Hospital between June 2023 and April 2024.

Similar Outcome With Haploidentical, Matched Sibling, or Matched Unrelated Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Adult Patients With Adverse-Risk TP53-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia in First Remission: A Comparative Study From the Global Committee and the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Given the dismal prognosis for patients with TP53-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the optimal donor for those undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with TP53-mutated AML who underwent first allo-HCT in CR1 between 2010 and 2021. Outcomes were compared among using a haploidentical donor (Haplo), a matched sibling donor (MSD), and a 10/10 matched unrelated donor (MUD).

PCISOS Risk Profiles Stratify Heterogeneous Outcomes in Minor Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CHANCE-2 Trial.

Background: Risk stratification in posterior circulation ischemic stroke (PCIS) is challenging. Although the Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Outcome Score (PCISOS) was developed to address this, its utility in minor PCIS and in identifying homogeneous populations for clinical trials or treatment-responsive subgroups remains uncertain.

Methods: CHANCE-2 (Clopidogrel in High-Risk Patients With Acute Non-disabling Cerebrovascular Events-II) was a multicenter, randomized trial that enrolled patients with minor stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack who carried CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles.

siRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs in Osteoarthritis: Biological Functions and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic disease, characterized by progressive joint degeneration and primarily affects older adults. OA leads to reduced functional abilities, a lower quality of life, and an increased mortality rate. Currently, effective treatment options for OA are lacking.

Genetic Association of Lipids and Lipid-Lowering Drug Target Genes With Atopic Dermatitis: A Drug Target Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background And Aims: Several observational studies have reported inconsistent associations between dyslipidaemia, stains use and atopic dermatitis (AD). Nevertheless, the available data on the effects of -C-lowering as well as TG-lowering drugs remain inconclusive and limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the causal association of lipid traits and long-term use of lipid-lowering drugs on AD risk.

Very-High-Frequency Ultrasonographic Profiling Characteristics of Nodular Hidradenoma: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Nodular hidradenoma (NH) is a rare benign adnexal tumor originating from sweat glands, often misdiagnosed due to nonspecific clinical manifestations. Ultrasonography (US) plays a critical role in the diagnosis of skin tumors, yet systematic descriptions of its sonographic features remain limited.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the very-high-frequency (VHF) characteristics of eccrine nodular hidradenoma (ENH) and establish key imaging criteria to differentiate it from other cutaneous/subcutaneous lesions.

Clinical Efficacy of Qingke Mixture in Treating Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory infection in children, current treatments are limited by resistance and side effects. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combining Qingke Mixture with azithromycin for treating MPP in children.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial included 92 children diagnosed with MPP.

Multi-Omics and Clinical Validation Identify Key Glycolysis- and Immune-Related Genes in Sepsis.

Background: Sepsis is characterized by profound immune and metabolic perturbations, with glycolysis serving as a pivotal modulator of immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms linking glycolytic reprogramming to immune dysfunction remain poorly defined.

Methods: Transcriptomic profiles of sepsis were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus.

Dynamics of Conventional Metabolic Indices in Relation to Endometriosis Severity: A Retrospective Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between the dynamics of routine metabolic markers and endometriosis severity.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with endometriosis at Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen, affiliated with Fudan University. The collected data encompassed demographic details and biochemical indicators related to lipid, hepatobiliary, renal metabolism, and electrolyte balance.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Hyperuricemia in Perimenopausal Women.

Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting the risk of hyperuricemia (HUA) in perimenopausal women.

Methods: In this study, physical examination information of perimenopausal women was collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China. We utilized the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) and binary logistic regression to investigate the risk factors of HUA among perimenopausal women.