The Feasibility of Remote Visual-World Eye-Tracking With Young Children.

Visual-world eye-tracking has long been a useful tool for measuring young children's real-time interpretation of words and sentences. Recently, researchers have extended this method to virtual platforms to reduce equipment costs and recruit more diverse participants. However, there is currently limited guidance on best practices, which require individual researchers to invent their own methodologies and may prevent broader adoption.

The relationship between thermophysiology, endocrinology and behaviour in female giant pandas.

The breeding of giant pandas is attracting great attention as it concerns population stability. Due to the lag in hormone testing, it is impossible to assess the oestrus state of female giant pandas efficiently and concisely via hormone monitoring accompanied by separate empirical behaviour. Here, 6 female giant pandas were selected to monitor the oestrus period.

Development of the Nephrotic Syndrome Symptom and Impact Patient Reported Outcome (NephroSSI-PRO) measure for use in adults and adolescents with primary glomerulopathies.

Background: Patient reported outcome (PRO) instruments are important for assessing the effects of new therapeutics; however, no PRO measures have been specifically developed for use in Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) with documented evidence of content validity.

Methodology: The Nephrotic Syndrome Symptom and Impact Patient Reported Outcome (NephroSSI-PRO) tool was developed following a literature review, concept elicitation (CE) interviews with patients with NS and clinicians, item generation, and cognitive debriefing (CD) interviews with patients with NS. The CE interviews were conducted with four nephrologists and among adults (aged ≥ 18 years) and adolescents (aged 12–17 years) diagnosed with NS.

Fluorescent sensor for bisphenol S based on pH adjustment and polydopamine nanoparticles.

Initially, it was considered as a feasible solution to replace the harmful bisphenol A with structurally similar bisphenol S (BPS). However, with the deepening of research, BPS has also been pointed out to have similar endocrine-disrupting effects and physiological hazards to bisphenol A. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient and convenient method for BPS detection.

Detection of β-Hydroxybutyric Acid Based on a Fluorescent Probe of Lanthanide Complexes.

In this paper, a lanthanide complex-based fluorescent sensor Tb(4-MBA) was developed for the selective recognition of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and the diabetes biomarker β-hydroxybutyric (β-Hb). β-Hb significantly enhanced the fluorescence emission of the Tb(4-MBA) complex at 539  nm. Based on the analysis of the surface electrostatic potential distribution and time-resolved spectra, we speculate that in the reaction system of β-Hb with Tb(4-MBA), β-Hb and Tb(4-MBA) may form a complex through hydrogen bonding interactions, which brings β-Hb closer to Tb and thus reduces the non-radiative energy loss of the solvent molecules to Tb and significantly enhances the Tb(4-MBA) fluorescence intensity.

A fluorescent probe based on the interaction of ofloxacin with gold nanoparticles for the sensitive detection of melamine.

Melamine (MEL) is frequently adulterated in dairy products to manipulate protein content test results due to its high nitrogen content. In this study, a fluorescent probe based on ofloxacin (OFL) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was proposed for the specific and sensitive detection of MEL. In the pH range of 4.

Clinical outcome and genomic biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapies for cancer of unknown primary: a multicenter, real-world study.

Background: Given the limited treatment options recommended for cancer of unknown primary (CUP), especially the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ICIs and identify associated genomic biomarkers in these patients.

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter, real-world analysis included individuals with oncologist-confirmed CUP cases treated with ICIs across four hospitals in China. Clinical outcomes, safety and biomarkers were analyzed.

Preparation of Biochars from Different Sources and Study on Their Phosphorus Adsorption Properties.

Biochar is a solid product generated through the pyrolysis of biomass materials under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions, and it is characterized by its strong adsorption capacity. To investigate the phosphorus adsorption performance of biochar derived from wheat straw, bamboo, and water hyacinth in wastewater, iron modification treatments were applied to these biochars, and the most effective modified biochar was identified. The physicochemical properties of the modified biochars were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots for the fluorescence detection of lactose in milk.

For lactose-intolerant patients, controlling lactose intake is crucial. To address this need, we developed carbon dot-based sensors for lactose detection in milk. Using citric acid and sulfamic acid as precursors, we synthesized nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) via hydrothermal method.

Specific APT and NOE Imaging Using DSP-CEST in Humans at 3 T.

Specific chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging, especially at low-field clinical 3-T scanners where multiple pools overlap, is challenging. Recently, a double saturation power (DSP)-CEST method has been developed to improve the specificity in quantifying two major CEST variations: amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE). This method avoids the mutual interference between APT and NOE, unlike the conventional asymmetry analysis method.

Efficacy and safety of modified bleomycin administration with EP chemotherapy in adult male patients with germ cell tumors: a retrospective study.

Background: Given the substantial inconvenience caused by weekly bleomycin administration, we initiated a study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the modified bleomycin combined with EP (modified-BEP) regimen in Chinese adult male patients with germ cell tumors (GCTs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 274 adult male GCT patients treated with modified-BEP at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between 2005 and 2022. The regimen involved a tri-weekly 5-day schedule with 30 IU modified bleomycin (administered on days 1, 3, and 5), 20 mg/m2 cisplatin (days 1-5), and 100 mg/m2 etoposide (days 1-5).

A Multiple Biological Activities Cyclopeptide From Endophytic Fungus Phaeosphaeria Sp. XXH003 of the Marine Conus literatus.

Chemical investigation of the endophytic fungus Phaeosphaeria sp. XXH003 isolated from Conus literatus was conducted. Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as ergosterol (1), β-sitosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3), ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (4), 1,1'-oxybis(2,4-di-tert-butylbenzene) (5), 5-[(1S)-1-hydroxybutyl]-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (6), quinolactacin C1/C2 (7/8), cyclodepsipeptide Sch 217048 (9), linoleic acid (10), and oleic acid (11), respectively.

Sensory improvement of fermented apple juice diluted from concentrate by lactic acid bacteria.

To evaluate the fermentation potential of diluted concentrated apple juice (CAJ) and identify suitable strains, seven lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains, including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (TM3-23), Pediococcus acidilactici (G1-14), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (TH4-4), Limosilactobacillus fermentum (LX4-19), Lactobacillus acidophilus (G3-2), Lactobacillus helveticus (G3-4), and Lactobacillus delbrueckii (SJ2-10), were employed for diluted CAJ fermentation. The identification of volatile compounds was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while sensory quality of fermented products was evaluated using electronic tongue analysis and sensory evaluation. Results indicated that TM3-23, TH4-4, G1-14, and G3-4 adapted well to diluted CAJ and demonstrated a robust ability to metabolize malic acid, with TM3-23 achieving 8.

PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Plus Chemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Alone as First-Line Therapy for Patients With Unfavorable Cancer of Unknown Primary: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study.

This multicenter study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy (ICI-Chemo group) versus chemotherapy alone (Chemo group) for patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) in the first-line setting. We included patients with unfavorable CUP across four medical centers in China. Between January 2014 and December 2023, 117 patients were enrolled: 46 patients in the ICI-Chemo group and 71 patients in the Chemo group.

CYP2D6 polymorphisms and endoxifen concentration in Chinese patients with breast cancer.

Background: The plasma concentration of endoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, might be affected by different CYP2D6 genotypes in patients with breast cancer, but solid evidence is still lacking in Asian patients. This prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms and endoxifen plasma concentrations among Chinese patients with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen.

Methods: From August 2015 to June 2018, 110 patients with breast cancer were enrolled.

RNF135 promotes the stemness of breast cancer cells by ubiquitinating and degrading DDX58.

Background: RING finger protein 135 (RNF135) is identified as a regulator in certain cancer types. However, its role and molecular mechanisms in breast cancer are still unclear.

Methods: Herein, we investigated the level of RNF135 in tumor tissues of breast patients using the online database and confirmed the data by real-time PCR and western blot analysis.

From Mourning to Healing: Continuing Bonds With Strangers in Chinese Social Media.

The study examined the distinctive characteristics and underlying motivations of communication behaviours within the comment sections of Weibo posts belonging to deceased strangers. Taking the comment section of the last post of deceased user @Zoufan on Weibo, one of the most influential social media platforms in China, as a case study, the study adopted the humanities computing method to develop an artificial 'close reading' based on quantitative descriptions and topic clustering of the texts of more than 80,000 comments. Findings showed that in China, people engage in conversations with other mourners, the deceased, and themselves on the deceased's Weibo.

A comprehensive view of the molecular features within the serum and serum EV of Alzheimer's disease.

Conventional Alzheimer's disease research mainly focuses on cerebrospinal fluid, which requires an invasive sampling procedure. This method carries inherent risks for patients and could potentially lower patient compliance. EVs (Extracellular Vesicles) and blood are two emerging noninvasive mediators reflecting the pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease.

LGALS3BP: A Potential Prognostic Biomarker Influencing Antitumor Immunity in Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

Objective: LGALS3BP exhibits differential expression in various types of tumors. This study aimed to analyze its potential diagnostic and prognostic value in Triple- negative Breast Cancer (TNBC).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of LGALS3BP's differential expression and its association with patient survival outcomes using data from public databases.

Impacts of genomic alterations on the efficacy of HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Background: HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape of metastatic breast cancer. However, the efficacy of these therapies may be compromised by genomic alterations. Hence, this study aims to identify factors predicting sensitivity to HER2 ADC in metastatic breast cancer.

N-Doped Carbon Nanodots as Temperature Sensors and Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Tinidazole in Milk.

In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (N-CDs) with temperature and fluorescence sensing were prepared via hydrothermal method using L-lysine and ethylenediamine as precursors. The synthesized N-CDs exhibited spherical morphology with sizes ranging from 2.8 to 5.

Efficient Cancer Biomarker Screening and Multicancer Detection Enabled by a Multidimensional Serum Proteomic Strategy.

Biomarker discovery and application are paramount for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis assessment of diseases. Novel proteomic strategies have been developed for high-efficiency biomarker screening. However, evaluating various strategies and applying them for the in-depth mining of biomarkers from blood need to be elucidated.

Barrier-free tomato fruit selection and location based on optimized semantic segmentation and obstacle perception algorithm.

With the advancement of computer vision technology, vision-based target perception has emerged as a predominant approach for harvesting robots to identify and locate fruits. However, little attention has been paid to the fact that fruits may be obscured by stems or other objects. In order to improve the vision detection ability of fruit harvesting robot, a fruit target selection and location approach considering obstacle perception was proposed.

FGF7 and FGF10 Promote Fate Transition of Human Epidermal Cell-derived Organoids to an Eccrine Gland Phenotype.

Reconstruction of hair follicles (HFs) and eccrine sweat glands (ESGs) is essential for functional skin regeneration. In skin reconstruction research, we found that foreskin-derived epidermal cells reconstructed HF organoids unidirectionally, but not ESG organoids. To investigate key genes and pathways influencing the fate of ESG and HF, a transcriptome profiling of ESG placode-containing skin and HF placode-containing skin was employed, and key DEGs were identified and validated by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence staining in mice and rats.

Clinical outcome and prognostic factors for immunotherapy-based treatments in patients with platinum-refractory germ cell tumor.

Background: Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a heterogeneous group of cancers associated with a favorable prognosis when treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. However, patients with platinum-refractory GCTs face limited options and poorer outcomes, necessitating innovative treatment approaches. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes and identify prognostic factors associated with immunotherapy-based treatments in this challenging patient population.