Chronic kidney disease and incident cancer risk: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Studies examining the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with cancer risk have demonstrated conflicting results.

Methods: This was an individual participant data meta-analysis including 54 international cohorts contributing to the CKD Prognosis Consortium. Included cohorts had data on albuminuria [urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)], estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), overall and site-specific cancer incidence, and established risk factors for cancer.

Single-step, chloroform-free Extraction of Lysophosphatidylcholine from Plasma for Cancer Biomarker Analysis.

Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) has been the subject of research for many years, but its role in lipid turnover is still not fully understood, neither its role in cancer development and progression. A crucial aspect in LPC research is its efficient and fast extraction from plasma and tissues to use LPC as a biomarker in clinical settings. The extraction methods commonly in use like Bligh & Dyer require the use of toxic halogenated solvents and are time consuming due to multiple extraction steps and subsequent solvent evaporation.

Sensory neurons shape local macrophage identity via TGF-β signaling.

Resident macrophages play integral roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and function. In the skin, prenatally seeded, specialized macrophages patrol sensory nerves and contribute to their regeneration after injury. However, mechanisms underlying the long-lasting postnatal commitment of these nerve-associated macrophages remain largely elusive.

ERS/EULAR clinical practice guidelines for connective tissue diseases associated interstitial lung disease.

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical practice guidelines to standardise screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for CTD-ILD are of high importance for optimised patient care.

Methods: A European Respiratory Society and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology task force committee, composed of pulmonologists, rheumatologists, pathologists, radiologists, methodologists and patient representatives, developed recommendations based on PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions with grading of the evidence according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) methodology and complementary narrative questions agreed on by both societies.

Impact of bleeding and thrombosis on outcome of 945 COVID-19 VV-ECMO cases from a German registry.

Unlabelled: Bleeding and thromboembolic events (BTE) increase the mortality of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The current analysis aimed to assess frequency and determinants of BTE according to their location and severity in a retrospective analysis of the German ECMO COVID-19 registry. Logistic regression was applied to identify factors influencing ICU survival as well as variables associated with risks of BTE.

Reduction in Dressing Change Burden in Patients With Epidermolysis Bullosa-Impact of Oleogel-S10.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a severe genetic disorder marked by skin fragility and blistering from minimal trauma. Management relies on frequent and painful dressing changes. The EASE study (NCT03068780), the largest to date in EB, previously demonstrated accelerated wound healing and reduced wound burden for Oleogel-S10 (birch triterpenes) versus control gel.

Density-dependent network structuring within and across wild animal systems.

Theory predicts that high population density leads to more strongly connected spatial and social networks, but how local density drives individuals' positions within their networks is unclear. This gap reduces our ability to understand and predict density-dependent processes. Here we show that density drives greater network connectedness at the scale of individuals within wild animal populations.

ERS/EULAR clinical practice guidelines for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseaseDeveloped by the task force for connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR)Endorsed by the European Reference Network on rare respiratory diseases (ERN-LUNG).

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Clinical practice guidelines to standardise screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for CTD-ILD are of high importance for optimised patient care.

Methods: A European Respiratory Society and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology task force committee, composed of pulmonologists, rheumatologists, pathologists, radiologists, methodologists and patient representatives, developed recommendations based on PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions with grading of the evidence according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) methodology and complementary narrative questions agreed on by both societies.

Extinction learning and return of fear in a large sample of children and adolescents with and without anxiety disorders.

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health problems in childhood and adolescence, highlighting the importance to study their underlying mechanisms. One key process in fear reduction, particularly in exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy, is extinction learning. While extensively studied in adults, its role in youth remains underexplored.

Electron accumulation across the perovskite layer enhances tandem solar cells with textured silicon.

Reducing charge carrier transport losses, improving selectivity, and minimizing non-radiative recombination are essential for enhancing the efficiency and stability of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. We used a hybrid two-step perovskite deposition method that is compatible with industry-standard textured silicon, incorporating a perovskite surface treatment based on 1,3-diaminopropane dihydroiodide. The interaction of this molecule with the perovskite surface increased the majority charge carrier concentration at the electron-selective contact, which reduced interfacial recombination.

Does proper flossing performance translate into effective plaque removal?

Objectives: Interdental hygiene plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health, yet the effectiveness of dental floss remains a subject of debate. Thus, this study aimed to assess whether improved flossing technique relates to improved cleaning efficacy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 37 adults (23.

Systemic immunomodulating therapies for epidermal necrolysis (Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Epidermal necrolysis is a rare but severe cutaneous reaction with high mortality. Limited evidence exists regarding the efficacy of systemic immunomodulatory therapies (SITs). Our systematic review aimed to compare SITs with supportive care or one another.

Computation of Exchange Couplings by Means of an Exchange-Dedicated Perturbation Theory.

The accurate computation of high-spin/low-spin gaps remains a challenging task in computational chemistry, with significant implications for both theoretical studies and experimental applications. In this work, we present an exchange-dedicated perturbation theory (EDPT2) that allows an efficient calculation of exchange couplings in magnetic systems. Our approach builds on a previously developed second-order perturbative scheme based on de Loth's formalism but refines the treatment of singlet wave functions by explicitly incorporating ionic determinants in the zeroth-order description.

Unrolling of Syngonium podophyllum: Functional Anatomy, Morphology and Modelling of Its Peltate Leaves.

The mechanisms underlying leaf unfolding remain largely speculative and are often inferred from mathematical models. Peltate leaves, unlike typical foliage leaves, frequently emerge in a "rolled-up" state. This study investigates mechanisms related to the unrolling process in the peltate species Syngonium podophyllum by analyzing anatomical and morphological changes and quantifying forces that arise during unrolling.

ID3 -depleted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells promote neurorepair.

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells are used in cell-replacement and regenerative therapeutic strategies after traumatic central nervous system injury. Traumatic injury alters the host microenvironment, which in turn affects the functionality of transplanted human neural stem/ progenitor cells and potentially limits their benefits for neurorepair. However, the underlying mechanisms through which the host environment alters the fate and functionality of transplanted human neural stem/progenitor cells remain poorly understood.

Blood Clock Correlation Distance (BloodCCD) as a novel marker to detect circadian rhythm disruption in cancer survivors with insomnia.

Background: Insomnia is a toxicity of cancer and treatment for survivors without an objective biochemical measure. Circadian rhythms are 24-h cycles that influence physiologic processes including sleep, and disrupted rhythms may contribute to insomnia. Here, we use BloodCCD to assess circadian rhythms from RNA-sequencing of blood from cancer survivors with insomnia from the YOCAS-II trial.

Pilot study on using a photometric capsule to stratify patients with suspected nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding into emergency versus elective endoscopy.

Current guidelines recommend early endoscopy (within 24 hours) for hemodynamically stable patients with suspected nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (NVUGIH). We evaluated the use of a new photometric capsule examination (PCE) for stratification of patients into emergency (within 12 hours) and elective (within 48-96 hours) endoscopy.Patients with suspected NVUGIH were enrolled at four centers and received PCE.

Quantifying hygroscopic deformation in lignocellulosic tissues: a digital volume correlation tool comparison.

Digital Volume Correlation (DVC) was used to study the hygroscopic shrinkage in lignocellulosic tissues. For this, small tissue segments of only a few cells were prepared from the endocarp of fruits, the sclereid cell layer of pine cone scales, the sclerenchyma fiber sheath of peripheral vascular bundles in and latewood of . The cells were imaged in a wet and dry state using X-ray nano-holotomography.

Frequency of use and sonority sequencing in first- and second-language consonant cluster perception: facilitation is language-specific.

Introduction: Expectations derived from knowledge about the likelihood of different phoneme sequences are an effective cognitive mechanism to make the listening process more efficient. In addition to language-specific distributions, universal principles of well-formedness may play a role, especially in second language listening, where the listeners are less familiar with the target language. In our study, we compared two listener groups to investigate the relative influences of consonant cluster frequency and consonant sequencing in accordance with the Sonority Sequencing Principle on the perception of initial consonant clusters in German.

Engineering Vascularized Transplantable Soft Tissue Free Flaps in Sheep Using the Arteriovenous Loop Technique.

The aim of this study was to grow axially vascularized soft tissue flaps in sheep using the arteriovenous loop (AVL) technique to be transplanted for defect reconstruction. This technique may be a promising alternative to conventional free flaps to further reduce flap donor site morbidity. In this pilot study, AVLs ( = 12) were created in the groins of six sheep, placed into an isolation chamber, and embedded in Matriderm®.

Emerging Therapeutics in COPD: Mapping Innovation to Treatable Traits.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a complex, heterogeneous condition characterized by diverse clinical phenotypes and underlying pathobiological mechanisms. Traditional "one-size-fits-all" management strategies have limited effectiveness in addressing this heterogeneity. The Treatable Traits (TTs) approach represents a precision medicine paradigm that targets specific, identifiable, and modifiable traits in individual patients, regardless of diagnostic labels.

Influenza A virus induced interferon-alpha production by myeloid dendritic cells and macrophages requires productive infection.

Severe Influenza A virus (IAV) infections are accompanied by a cytokine storm with type I interferon (IFN) as the main driver. Besides epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages and infiltrating dendritic cells are target cells for IAV. IAV are classified into different strains, defined by their major surface glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA).

Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and mortality in coronary artery disease.

Background And Aims: Clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has been associated with cardiovascular risk, but its prognostic relevance and mechanistic role in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains incompletely understood. This study investigated the association between CHIP and all-cause mortality in CAD and explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms, focusing on TET2 mutations.

Methods: Targeted deep sequencing of 13 CHIP driver genes in 8612 patients with angiographically confirmed CAD was performed.