Lactylation modification in lung cancer: A review of current research and future directions (Review).

Lung cancer is a common malignancy that poses risks to human health and quality of life. The primary treatment options currently available include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the aggressive metastatic nature of the disease combined with the development of drug and radiation resistance results in suboptimal survival outcomes.

Bandgap opening induced by electron localization in graphene antidot lattices.

Graphene antidot lattices (GALs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in semiconductor applications, yet the origin of bandgap opening remains controversial. Combining the octet rule, we propose a low-parameter physical model with weighted information entropy to quantitatively determine the electron density distribution, and the tight-binding parameters are obtained from the occupancy numbers based on the maximum entropy method. The results from our model reveal a complex bandgap opening mechanism in zigzag-edged hexagonal GALs (ZH-GALs), where specific inter-ribbon connections and quantum confinement cause the localization of π-electrons between antidots, leading to the elimination of energy levels degeneracy.

Influence of Macrocyclization Strategies on DNA-Encoded Cyclic Peptide Libraries.

Discovery of cyclic peptide hits using DNA-encoded libraries (DELs) has recently been extensively researched, with significant efforts directed toward developing DEL-compatible macrocyclization methods. To investigate how different cyclic linkers influence DEL selection outcomes, we constructed eight distinct sublibraries and screened them against two protein targets, MDM2 and GIT1, resulting in two representative yet contrasting scenarios. Validation studies for MDM2 revealed that structural similarity patterns observed across multiple sublibraries could enhance confidence in the authenticity of identified hits.

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Swine Parainfluenza Virus 5 from Piglets Co-Infected with PEDV.

Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), now reclassified as , is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the genus of the family [...

Targeting p53 activation: Recent therapeutic advances in cancer and diabetic macular edema.

p53, encoded by the TP53 gene, is a critical tumor suppressor, and its pharmacological activation has been clinically validated as an effective strategy for the treatment of human malignancies. In recent years, numerous novel approaches have emerged to activate both wild-type and mutant p53, including MDM2 degraders, p53 stabilizers, gene therapies targeting TP53, and inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 protein-protein interaction. Since 2020, drug discovery efforts in these areas have advanced rapidly, leading to several notable breakthroughs.

Challenges in magnetic modulation of 2D materials: exemplified with MoS.

In recent years, the rapid advancement of integrated circuit technology and electronic devices has positioned two-dimensional (2D) materials as promising candidates for next-generation spintronic devices, owing to their reduced dimensions and lower energy dissipation. Despite these advantages, the majority of 2D materials are intrinsically non-magnetic. To overcome this limitation and expand the application of 2D materials in spintronics, various strategies have been developed to introduce ferromagnetic properties into non-magnetic systems.

Erratum: Author correction to "PRMT6 promotes tumorigenicity and cisplatin response of lung cancer through triggering 6PGD/ENO1 mediated cell metabolism" [Acta Pharm Sin B 13 (2023) 157-173].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.

Novel receptor-binding protein from phage PJNS004 for sensitive detection of Salmonella.

The detection of Salmonella, a key foodborne pathogen, is essential for maintaining food safety and safeguarding public health. Here, we have identified a novel receptor-binding protein (RBP), encoded by ORF33 of phage PJNS004, that specifically targets lipopolysaccharide on the host strain surface. To utilize this RBP for Salmonella detection, we expressed and purified the recombinant protein, designated as proSM and proM.

Characterization of Terpene Synthases Reveals the Diversity of Terpenoids in .

Terpenoids have significant biological activity and good clinical efficacy and are important for defence and physiological regulation in plants. Andrographolide and similar labdane-related diterpenoids have been isolated and characterized as the main medicinal constituents of drugs from . To better study the diversity of terpenoids of , a total of 39 were screened, and 27 full-length genes encoding ApTPSs were obtained.

Unveiling the Nitrogen-Doping Mechanism in Carbon Catalysts for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethanol to Acetaldehyde.

Oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethanol to acetaldehyde is an important production process. However, it still suffers from low deactivation, selectivity, and high costs. Herein, we developed a new strategy for preparing mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts by carbonization of phenolic resin with silica as a hard template.

Prediction of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations after renal transplantation.

Immune monitoring is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis after renal transplantation (RT). Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations (PBLSs) are widely used biomarkers for immune monitoring, yet there is no established standard reference for PBLSs during immune reconstitution post-RT. PBLS data from stable recipients at various time points post-RT were collected.

[mA modification regulates PLK1 expression and mitosis].

-methyladenosine (mA) modification plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation, while the mechanism of mA in regulating mitosis remains underexplored. Here, we found that the total mA modification level in cells increased during mitosis by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and mA dot blot assays. Silencing methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) or METTL14 results in delayed mitosis, abnormal spindle assembly, and chromosome segregation defects by the immunofluorescence.

Genome-wide characterization and expression analysis of WRKY family genes in the biosynthesis of triptolide in Tripterygium wilfordii.

Background: WRKY transcription factors play a vital role in regulating plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. Tripterygium wilfordii is a medicinal plant that has been widely utilized in rheumatoid arthritis therapy; it contains triptolide, a prominent bioactive constituent exhibiting potent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, the mechanism underlying the regulatory effects of WRKY on triptolide biosynthesis is poorly understood.

A graph-based statistical model for carbon nanostructures.

Energy degeneracy in physical systems may be induced by symmetries of the Hamiltonian, and the resonance of degeneracy states in carbon nanostructures can effectively enhance the stability of the system. Combining the octet rule, we introduce a statistical model to determine the physical properties by lifting the energy degeneracy in carbon nanostructures. This model offers a direct path to accurately ascertain electron density distributions in quantum systems, akin to how charge density is used in density functional theory to deduce system properties.

Proteome-Wide Data Guides the Discovery of Lysine-Targeting Covalent Inhibitors Using DNA-Encoded Chemical Libraries.

Broadening the application of covalent inhibitors requires the exploration of nucleophilic residues beyond cysteine. The covalent DNA-encoded chemical library (CoDEL) represents an advanced technology for covalent drug discovery. However, its application in lysine-targeting inhibitors remains uncharted territory.

Effect of Chicken AvBD11 on the Cytokines in the Erythrocytes of Chickens Infected with the Avian Influenza Virus of the Subtype H9N2.

(1) The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of the avian β-defensin 11 (AvBD11) in the immune response induced by the avian influenza virus H9N2. (2) AvBD11 was expressed using , and the effects of different concentrations of AvBD11 on cytokine expression in the ex vivo and in vivo erythrocytes of chickens infected with the avian influenza subtype H9N2 were detected by using fluorescence quantification. (3) The results showed that cytokine expression varied among the test groups compared to the control group in the in vitro assay at 2, 6, and 10 h.

-Cyanobenzaldehydes Irreversibly Modify Both Buried and Exposed Lysine Residues in Live Cells.

Lysine residue represents an attractive site for covalent drug development due to its high abundance (5.6%) and critical functions. However, very few lysines have been characterized to be accessible to covalent ligands and perturb the protein functions, owing to their protonation state and adjacent steric hindrance.

Synthesis of an RBM39 Degrader That Downregulates CEP192 and Induces Disorganized Spindle Structures.

RBM39 is an essential component of the spliceosome, playing a critical role in maintaining mRNA integrity. Its depletion significantly exacerbates RNA splicing defects and demonstrates potent anticancer activity. To identify key effectors following RBM39 depletion, we employed a multiomics approach to directly compare two structurally distinct compounds, CB039 and Indisulam.

The Therapeutic Potential of Spirooxindoles in Cancer: A Focus on p53-MDM2 Modulation.

The p53, often referred to as the "guardian of the genome", is a well-established tumor-suppressor protein that plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, DNA repair, differentiation, and apoptosis, with its activity primarily modulated by the MDM2 protein (murine double minute 2, also known as HDM2 in humans). Disrupting the protein-protein interaction between p53 and MDM2 represents a promising therapeutic strategy for developing anticancer agents. Recent studies have shown that several spirooxindole-containing compounds exhibit significant antitumor properties, primarily by inhibiting the p53-MDM2 interaction.

Selective Degradation of TEADs by a PROTAC Molecule Exhibited Robust Anticancer Efficacy In Vitro and In Vivo.

Genetic mutations in components of the Hippo pathway frequently lead to the aberrant activation of TEADs, which is often associated with cancer. Consequently, TEADs have been actively pursued as therapeutic targets for diseases driven by TEAD overactivation. In this study, we report two series of TEAD PROTACs based on CRBN binders and VHL binders.

Physical Adsorption and Raman Spectra of Hydrazine Hydrate on the Graphene Surface.

In experimental studies, hydrazine hydrate is widely employed as a reducing agent for the conversion of graphene oxide to graphene. Herein, we conducted theoretical calculations using cluster models to investigate the adsorption behavior of hydrazine hydrate on the surface of graphene. The calculated adsorption energy reveals that hydrazine hydrate can physically bind to the graphene surface.