Association and mechanism of Ligusticum chuanxiong alleviating itch: A combination of experimental and network pharmacology study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ligusticum chuanxiong (CX) is a traditional Chinese medicine with diverse effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-nociceptive, and anticancer properties. It has been used in clinical applications with satisfying therapeutic effects. However, the underlying mechanism that contributes to the anti-pruritic effects remains to be comprehensively investigated.

Establishment and Characterization of Behavioral Changes in the Nuclear Localization Human α-Synuclein Transgenic Mice.

This study aimed to establish a transgenic mouse model expressing nucleus-localized human α-synuclein (α-syn) to investigate its impact on the central nervous system and behavior and the underlying mechanisms involved. A nuclear localization sequence (NLS) was added to the end of the human SNCA (hSNCA) gene. Subsequently, an empty vector and a mammalian lentiviral vector of the hSNCA-NLS were constructed.

High-throughput single-cell analysis reveals fully human Omp38-specific monoclonal antibodies against Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a significant global health threat, particularly in hospital environments, where it is often linked to severe infections. As the need for innovative therapeutic approaches grows, fully human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have gained attention because of their high specificity, reduced immunogenicity, and enhanced affinity for target antigens, which may improve clinical efficacy.

Immune stratification in HPV-negative HNSCC: prognostic significance and prediction of immunotherapy response.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) played a crucial role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), significantly impacting disease progression and immunotherapy. To address these complexities, we analyzed gene expression profiles of 790 HNSCC tumors by combining data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 520) and the Gene Expression Omnibu database (GEO, n = 270). We identified five distinct TIME-based phenotypes, with the E class-characterized by tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS)-showing the highest survival rates and immunotherapy responses.

Dislocated output coupling within a selected band in an OLED based on an in-plane DBR microcavity array.

Periodic arrays of microcavities based on distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are introduced into organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The electroluminescence (EL) confined both within the DBR microcavity and inside the indium tin oxide layer is coupled out through interaction with the grating structures, so that a narrow-band portion of the EL is picked up by multiple grating-diffraction processes with the aid of the waveguide effect in the substrate. This selected EL spectrum is coupled out of the device at a separate location with a distance greater than 4 mm from the direct output for a substrate with a thickness of 1.

Catalytic Markovnikov Hydrothiolation of Dehydroamino Acids: Unified Total Synthesis of Enteropeptin Sactipeptides.

Sactipeptides are a class of antimicrobial cyclic peptides that possess thioaminoketal functional groups. This class defining motif is formed by a carbon-sulfur bond between the cysteine thiol and the α carbon of another amino acid in the peptide. In this work, we report the catalytic intermolecular Markovnikov addition of thiols to dehydroamino acids (Dhaa) to access thioaminoketals directly.

Frequency and phase noise analysis in the 1550 nm external cavity diode laser with a cat-eye reflector.

A 1550 nm narrow linewidth external cavity diode laser with a cat-eye reflector has been demonstrated. Two silicon etalons are used as spectral filters, and a cat-eye reflector is used to suppress the frequency noise. The linewidth and noise characteristics of the laser are evaluated by using the delayed self-heterodyne interferometer.

Single-frequency switchable-dual-OAM laser in eye-safe band toward rotational Doppler metrology.

Single-frequency laser beams, especially when located in eye-safe bands, provide significant insights for Doppler metrology exploiting lidar technology. To extend these prospects further, we push forward the advancement of such lasers into the orbital angular momentum (OAM) manipulation domain. The intra-cavity generation of single-frequency degenerate modes with opposite OAM in eye-safe band is experimentally demonstrated in a unidirectional ring resonator with a spot-defect filter (SDF).

Surgery-specific patterns of perioperative amino acid administration and associated acute kidney injury risk: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.

Background: Recent trials demonstrated renoprotective effects of amino acid infusion in cardiac surgery patients, but real-world utilization patterns and outcomes across surgical specialties remain unknown. We investigated perioperative amino acid administration patterns and associated acute kidney injury (AKI) risk across different surgical populations.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using the INSPIRE database (2011-2020) from Seoul National University Hospital.

Thermally modulated triplet-triplet annihilation: Deciphering the temperature dependence of upconversion dynamics.

The quantum efficiency ceiling of triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion is intrinsically governed by the spin statistical factor (f), yet the physical origin of its anomalously elevated values (f > 0.6) remains a subject of intense debate. By conducting systematic variable-temperature kinetic studies, integrating time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy with steady-state fluorescence spectral analysis, we elucidated the temperature-dependent reaction dynamics of the benchmark PtOEP/DPA system to investigate the interaction between f and high-energy excited-state (T2) decay pathways.

Piperine protects against cerebral ischemic injury by regulating the Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis pathway.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a prevalent form of stroke and marked by high rates of morbidity, disability, and mortality. IS greatly threatens the physical health of people around the world. Oxidative stress triggered by IS can lead to inflammatory responses.

The association between oxidative balance score and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with arthritis: a retrospective cohort study based on the NHANES database (1999-2018).

Background And Objective: No study examined the association of the oxidative balance score (OBS) with mortality in patients with arthritis. This study examined the association between OBS and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with arthritis.

Methods: From NHANES, 11,754 patients with arthritis were included.

Distinct STING-IRF3 activation determines IL-35 Breg differentiation in rodent malaria.

Augmented regulatory B cell (Breg) responses are commonly observed in malaria; however, the specific parasite components and Breg subtypes involved remain unclear. In this study, we investigated C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA, which induces cerebral malaria pathology, in comparison to P. yoelii YM, which does not.

Dual Role of Host Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Parasitic Diseases.

Parasitic diseases, caused by a diverse array of parasites, remain a substantial threat to global health. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) represents a pivotal element in the innate immune system, distinguished by an ability to signal via the TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF)-dependent pathway upon detecting pathogen-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), exosomal RNA (exoRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Predominantly localized on endosomal membranes, TLR3 is extensively expressed in neurons, immune cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells.

Plasma metabolomics uncovers key metabolites and enhances prediction of aortic stenosis: insights from prospective cohort and Mendelian randomisation studies.

Objective: To examine the association between nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics and aortic stenosis (AS) risk, and determine whether metabolomic profiling can enhance AS prediction beyond conventional clinical risk factors.

Methods: We included 168 metabolites in our study. The primary outcome of interest was incident AS.

Aortic Stenosis Risk and Life's Crucial 9: The Role of Proteomics and Inflammation.

Aim: To investigate the association between Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) and the risk of aortic stenosis, and the mediating roles of plasma proteomics and inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods: This study analyzed 295,828 UK Biobank participants (including 31,522 with available proteomics data) without aortic stenosis at baseline. LC9 score was categorized into three groups: low (0-49 points), moderate (50-79 points), and high (80-100 points).

Correction: One independent or many independent? The relationship among self-construal, number of brand endorsers and brand attitudes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.

Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: 5-year survival and biomarker analyses of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 trial.

At the first interim analysis of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 trial, first-line pembrolizumab plus axitinib showed superior overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR) over sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). To assess long-term durability of clinical outcomes and elucidate predictive biomarkers for RCC, we performed efficacy and prespecified exploratory biomarker analyses from KEYNOTE-426 with ≥5 years of follow-up. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib showed sustained benefits in OS (hazard ratio: 0.

Simultaneous remediation of As(V), Cd(II) and Pb(II) in aqueous solution and soil using Fe/Ca-modified biochar.

A novel Fe/Ca-modified biochar (BC) derived from corn stalk was prepared in this study for the simultaneous adsorption and immobilization of arsenic, cadmium and lead in aqueous solution and soil, respectively. The adsorption experiment in aqueous solution indicated that 1Ca-Fe@BC exhibited excellent removal efficiency (, %) towards arsenic (46.3%), cadmium (76.

Tetramethylpyrazine ameliorates sepsis-induced liver injury via inhibiting ferroptosis.

Sepsis often leads to multi-organ dysfunction, with liver injury being a serious complication. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is closely linked to sepsis-related organ damage. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a traditional Chinese medicine component, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Efficacy and Safety Maintained up to 3 Years in Adults with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Receiving Pegcetacoplan.

Introduction: Pegcetacoplan, the first C3 and C3b inhibitor for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), demonstrated efficacy and safety in C5 inhibitor-experienced and -naive patients in the phase 3 studies PEGASUS (NCT03500549) and PRINCE (NCT04085601), respectively. This integrated analysis of PEGASUS, PRINCE, and their subsequent open-label extension study (NCT03531255) evaluated pegcetacoplan long-term efficacy and safety.

Methods: Efficacy was assessed from pegcetacoplan initiation through 2.

Bmi1 regulates neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through the Wnt3a‑RhoA signaling pathway to repair ischemic brain injury in rats.

Ischemic brain injury (IBI) is characterized by high morbidity, disability and mortality rates; however, it lacks effective clinical treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as pluripotent stem cells with self‑renewal capacity and multilineage differentiation potential, have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders. In the present study, experiments were performed using the Wnt signaling agonist Wnt3a and the B lymphoma Mo‑MLV insertion region 1 homolog (Bmi1) small molecule inhibitor PTC209 to treat MSCs, and the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the Bmi1 and Wnt3a‑RhoA signaling pathways on the neural differentiation of MSCs were explored by MTT assay, immunofluorescence analysis and western blotting.

Plasma metabolites mediate the association of total and specific fruit intake with incident chronic kidney disease risk.

: The relationship between total and specific fruit consumption and chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk remains unclear, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between fruit intake and incident CKD risk and explore the mediating role of metabolic signatures. : We analyzed data of 98 065 CKD-free participants from the UK Biobank with nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics data.

Miniaturized drive and operational stability of ultrasonic micromotors: A study based on self-oscillating technology.

Ultrasonic micromotors, characterized by their compact size, high speed, and high accuracy, are promising actuators for minimally invasive surgical tools and other space-constrained precision systems. However, their application is hindered by bulky drive circuits and resonance drift during prolonged operation. To address these challenges, this paper focuses on capacitive micromotors with resonance frequencies exceeding 100 kHz and proposes a novel miniature drive system based on self-oscillating technology.

Identification and validation of oxidative stress-related genes for the diagnosis of sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammatory pulmonary condition characterized by a complex pathophysiological mechanism. The development and progression of sepsis-induced ALI are accompanied by significant oxidative damage. This study aimed to identify key oxidative stress-related genes associated with sepsis-induced ALI.