Bidirectional association of tinnitus and psychological distress among nurses at one-year follow-up: a propensity score-matched cohort study from China.

Purpose: The association between tinnitus and psychological distress aimed at nurses are often ignored. This study examined the bidirectional associations between tinnitus and psychological distress at the 1-year follow-up.

Methods: Data were retrieved from National Nurse Health Study in China from 2021 to 2022.

LitAutoScreener: Development and Validation of an Automated Literature Screening Tool in Evidence-Based Medicine Driven by Large Language Models.

The traditional manual literature screening approach is limited by its time-consuming nature and high labor costs. A pressing issue is how to leverage large language models to enhance the efficiency and quality of evidence-based evaluations of drug efficacy and safety. This study utilized a manually curated reference literature database-comprising vaccine, hypoglycemic agent, and antidepressant evaluation studies-previously developed by our team through conventional systematic review methods.

Estimating cardiovascular effects of influenza vaccination in older adults: a target trial emulation using proximal causal inference.

Background: The substantial burden of cardiovascular diseases highlights the urgent need for cost-effective interventions to mitigate their impact. While existing evidence on the cardioprotective effect of the influenza vaccine comes primarily from populations with cardiovascular comorbidities, these studies remain susceptible to several sources of bias, including immortal time bias and unmeasured confounding. To attenuate these limitations, our study aimed to assess the effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular events in an older population in China, utilizing a target trial emulation framework in conjunction with a proximal causal inference (PCI) approach.

Post-marketing surveillance for the safety of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: a retrospective real-world study in China.

Background: The potential occurrence of autoimmune- and pregnancy-related adverse events with the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (4vHPV) vaccine has previously not been assessed in the real-world setting in China.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective active post-marketing surveillance of the 4vHPV vaccine has been conducted among Chinese women aged 20-45 years between January 2018 and March 2021 in the Ningbo city. Incidences of seven pre-specified autoimmune diseases diagnosed within 6 months after the 4vHPV vaccination were calculated.

Patient journey and Quality of Life for Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPFLife) in China: a sequential exploratory mixed methods research protocol.

Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, chronic and progressive lung disease with a significant impact on patients' quality of life. While much research has focused on disease mechanisms and treatment efficacy, limited attention has been paid to the landscape, unmet needs, patient experiences and quality of life. Understanding these aspects through the patient journey is essential for developing patient-centred therapeutic strategies.

Treatment Patterns and Triple Therapy Utilization in Chinese Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Analysis of Real-World Data from the Yinzhou Database.

Purpose: Triple therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), consisting of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) and long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) has shown benefits in patients with COPD. However, little is known about the use of triple therapy in Chinese patients. This study aims to describe the treatment patterns and the utilization of triple therapy in COPD patients based on real-world data from China.

Impact of COVID-19 vaccination coverage on global disability burden of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

The global burden of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an immune-mediated neuropathy, remains poorly characterized during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed age-standardized years lived with disability (YLD) for GBS from 1990 to 2021 using GBD 2021 data and COVID-19 vaccination coverage from Our World in Data, focusing on 2020-2021. During the pandemic, GBS YLD rates rose dramatically, with greater increases seen in low-SDI regions, females and individuals aged 15-29 years.

Impacts of COPD exacerbation history on mortality and severe cardiovascular events among patients with COPD in China: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations are associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular events. However, there is limited evidence on the relationship between COPD exacerbations and mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in China.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included Chinese patients with COPD aged ≥ 40 years from the Yinzhou regional electronic health records database.

Antihypertensive medications and cancer risk: Evidence from 0.27 million patients with newly diagnosed hypertension.

Background: Whether specific antihypertensive treatments increase cancer risk in patients with hypertension is still controversial. We aimed to estimate the associations of different antihypertensive treatments with cancer risk in real-world settings.

Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was designed in a population of 1.

Role of senescent CD4 T cells in breakthrough infection of the new variant strain of SARS-CoV-2 in elderly patients.

Background: In late 2022, Beijing, China saw a large-scale BF.7 Omicron variant breakthrough infection. However, the impact of COVID-19 vaccines on elderly breakthrough-infected patients' antibodies and immune cells response was unclear.

A scoping review of human papillomavirus related data system in China.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection associated with various diseases, including genital warts, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), and multiple pre-cancerous diseases and cancers. HPV causes over 90% of cervical cancer cases, the sixth most common cancer among women in China. To support the national plan for accelerating cervical cancer elimination through enhanced HPV vaccination and screening rates, China requires reliable data systems to monitor and evaluate progress effectively.

Uptake of the IMMPACT-recommended core outcome set in randomised controlled trials on chronic neck or shoulder pain: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To analyse the uptake rate of Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (IMMPACT)-recommended core outcome set (COS) in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on chronic neck or shoulder pain and its potential influencing factors.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting: WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, involving 15 registries.

Minimum Data Set and Metadata for Active Vaccine Safety Surveillance: Systematic Review.

Background: Active vaccine safety surveillance (AVSS) stands as a top priority for the World Health Organization (WHO), serving as a critical indicator of the fourth maturity level for national regulatory agencies.

Objective: This review aims to define the minimal data scope for association studies in vaccine safety, providing a reference framework for implementing AVSS systems worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: The study systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for cohort and case-control studies related to AVSS published between January 1, 2018, and September 7, 2022.

Risk of Switch to Mania/Hypomania in Bipolar Depressive Patients Treated with Antidepressants: A Real-World Study.

The use of antidepressants in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial due to concerns about their potential to induce mood polarity switches. This multinational observational study aims to examine the association between the use of antidepressants and the risk of hypomanic/manic switch among bipolar depressive patients. Four electronic health record databases (IQVIA Disease Analyzer Germany, IQVIA Disease Analyzer France, IQVIA US Hospital Charge Data Master, and Beijing Anding Hospital) and one administrative claims database (IQVIA US Open Claims) were analyzed, and the study period covered from January 2013 until December 2017.

Phenome-wide Analysis of Diseases in Relation to Objectively Measured Sleep Traits and Comparison with Subjective Sleep Traits in 88,461 Adults.

Sleep traits have been suggested to correlate with various diseases, but most evidence is based on subjective sleep measurement. We investigated the associations of accelerometer-derived objective sleep traits with diseases throughout physiological systems to ascertain whether the disease spectrum related to objective sleep traits differs from that related to subjective sleep traits. In 88,461 UK Biobank (UKB) adults wearing accelerometers, multiple dimensions of sleep were objectively derived: (a) nocturnal sleep duration and onset timing, (b) sleep rhythm (relative amplitude and interdaily stability), and (c) sleep fragmentation (sleep efficiency and waking numbers).

Transforming Care in China by Using Public-Private Partnerships to Unlock the Power of Patient-Centered Real-World Data.

The transformation of China's healthcare system is increasingly driven by the development of real-world data (RWD) and real-world evidence (RWE). In the context of the "Healthy China 2030" initiative, which emphasizes addressing the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), this article assesses the current state and potential of RWD/RWE development. Key areas of focus include the policy environment, guideline systems, data foundations and tools, and talent development.

Dissecting the bidirectional associations between the progression of gastrointestinal and endocrine diseases.

Backgrounds: The widespread intrinsic link between gastrointestinal and endocrine diseases was poorly understood. We aimed to dissect the bidirectional association in the progression of gastrointestinal with endocrine diseases, either the overall, individual, or comorbidities with each other.

Methods: A bidirectional-designed prospective cohort included 481841 and 452858 participants free of gastrointestinal and endocrine diseases at baseline in the UK Biobank.

Development and validation of identification algorithms for five autoimmune diseases using electronic health records: a retrospective cohort study in China.

Objective: This study aims to assess the identification algorithms for five autoimmune diseases-Hashimoto's thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and type 1 diabetes (T1D)-using the Yinzhou Regional Health Information Platform (YRHIP) in China.

Methods: Diagnostic data was extracted from YRHIP's population registry (2010-2021), combining ICD-10 codes and Chinese medical terminology from outpatient, inpatient, and discharge records. Algorithms were validated through chart reviews, adhering to global clinical guidelines.

Association Between Use of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Epilepsy: A Population-Based Study Using Target Trial Emulation.

Objective: Preclinical studies in animals have suggested potential neuroprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is), but no epidemiological study has investigated the potential effects of SGLT-2is on epilepsy risk. We aimed to assess the association between use of SGLT-2is and epilepsy incidence.

Research Design And Methods: We emulated a target trial comparing SGLT-2is and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4is) based on the Yinzhou Regional Health Care Database.

Long-term follow-up after authorization of gene therapy: leveraging real-world data.

Gene therapies are innovative treatments that could revolutionize healthcare. Given their unique mechanisms of action, methods of manufacturing and administration, and the potential for long-lasting impact, gene therapies require long-term follow-up (LTFU) of safety and effectiveness post-authorization, often using real-world data (RWD). With over 2000 gene therapies in development, there is a need for knowledge-building regarding LTFU studies.

Application of methodological strategies to address unmeasured confounding in real-world vaccine safety and effectiveness study: a systematic review.

Objectives: Uses of real-world data to evaluate vaccine safety and effectiveness are often challenged by unmeasured confounding. The study aimed to review the application of methods to address unmeasured confounding in observational vaccine safety and effectiveness research.

Study Design And Setting: We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42024519882), and searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus for epidemiological studies investigating influenza and COVID-19 vaccines as exposures, and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases as outcomes, published between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2023.

Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and risk of dementia: A population-based cohort study.

Background And Aims: The effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) on dementia risk have not been assessed in the Chinese population. We aimed to assess the association between the use of SGLT-2i and dementia incidence in a mainland Chinese population.

Materials And Methods: A target trial of SGLT-2i vs.

Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia Severity and Toxicity (DITPst): binary classification of drugs by human thrombocytopenia toxicity.

Background: Drug-induced thrombocytopenia (DITP) often occurs in patients during clinical treatment. However, clinicians usually fail to distinguish which drugs can be plausible culprits accurately. We aimed to develop a large comprehensive drug benchmark database with DITP toxicity using the recommended method by FDA.