An ultra-wide-field fundus image dataset for intelligent diagnosis of intraocular tumors.

Retinal fundus photographs are now widely used in developing artificial intelligence (AI) systems for the detection of various fundus diseases. However, the application of AI algorithms in intraocular tumors remains limited due to the scarcity of large, publicly available, and diverse multi-disease fundus image datasets. Ultra-wide-field (UWF) fundus images, with a broad imaging range, offer unique advantages for early detection of intraocular tumors.

Prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies and age-related changes in binocular vision among middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review.

Background: With the global aging population, binocular vision anomalies in middle-aged and older adults have gained increasing attention. Non-Strabismic Binocular Vision Anomalies (NSBVAs) are particularly prevalent in this population, yet clinical research remains insufficient. To bridge this gap, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate NSBVAs prevalence and subtypes in middle-aged and older adults and analyze age-related changes in binocular vision.

Advances and Challenges in Nano-Delivery Systems for Glioblastoma Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor in adults, with current treatment options offering only limited improvement in patient survival. Despite the advancement of modalities such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, gene therapy, focused ultrasound, and tumor-treating fields, therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfactory due to challenges such as the blood-brain barrier, tumor heterogeneity, and treatment resistance. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising platform to enhance the delivery, specificity, and combinatorial potential of these therapies.

Bioactive sesquiterpene lactones from Elephantopus scaber: semi-synthesis, target fishing, anti-malignant glioma efficacy in vitro and in vivo.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) offers distinct advantages in the treatment of tumors, since it serves dually as both a medicinal treatment and a dietary therapy. Elephantopus scaber (E. scaber), with a plethora of folk medicinal usage for treating pneumonia and hepatitis, contains sesquiterpene lactone (SL) as the primary component for therapeutic efficacy.

IL-33 as a biomarker for disease severity in COPD with lung cancer comorbidity.

Objective: To investigate the differences in peripheral blood levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-17, and IL-33 between patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer (Comorbidity Group) and those with COPD alone (COPD Group), as well as to explore their clinical significance.

Methods: Samples were collected from 133 patients with both COPD and lung cancer (Comorbidity Group) and 91 patients with COPD alone (COPD Group), diagnosed at Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between January 2022 and January 2024. Baseline data from both groups were analyzed, and peripheral blood levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-33 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

CD8GZMKCD27CCR7 T cells mobilized by splenic sympathetic nerves aggravate brain ischemia‒reperfusion injury via CCL19-positive endothelial cells.

Splenic sympathetic activity critically modulates peripheral immunity after ischemic stroke, thus intervention in spleen sympathetic activity represents a promising therapeutic strategy for stroke. However, the mechanisms underlying spleen-brain-immune axis communication remain poorly understood. Here, we utilized a surgical denervation protocol to perform splenic sympathetic denervation (SDN), which significantly attenuated brain injury following stroke.

Exercise improves pulmonary fibrosis and neurological symptoms via S100A12 inhibition.

Background: Neurological symptoms are commonly observed in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Although exercise has been shown to improve pulmonary fibrosis and quality of life in IPF patients, its effects on neurological symptoms in this population are not well understood.

Multifunctional Chiral Halide Perovskites: Advancing Chiro-Optics, Chiro-Optoelectronics, and Spintronics.

Chiral halide perovskites (CHPs) represent a revolutionary material class, integrating the exceptional optoelectronic properties of halide perovskites with chirality. This unique combination enables advanced functionalities in chiroptics, spintronics, and next-generation optoelectronics. Recent breakthroughs highlight CHPs' capabilities in circularly polarized light (CPL) emission/detection, spin-selective charge transport, and nonlinear optical processes, establishing them as a focal point in multifunctional material research.

KDM4B enhances immune surveillance via demethylating cGAS.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) serves as a crucial sentinel in innate immunity by sensing cytosolic DNA, yet the molecular mechanisms governing its activation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify lysine demethylase 4B (KDM4B) as the specific demethylase that erases cGAS K350 methylation, facilitating its chromatin release and subsequent activation. Genetic ablation of Kdm4b compromised both antiviral immunity against HSV-1 infection and antitumor responses, while also diminishing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

Arabidopsis P4-ATPases ALA1 and ALA7 Enhance Resistance to via Detoxifying Vd-Toxins.

Background: Verticillium wilt, which is a soil-borne vascular disease, causes serious economic losses worldwide. Various toxins secreted by are key factors that lead to wilt symptoms.

Methods: The Vd-toxins CIA, indazole, and 3ICD were labeled with fluorescence groups, respectively, to observe the transport pathway.

EchoFM: Foundation Model for Generalizable Echocardiogram Analysis.

Echocardiography is the first-line noninvasive cardiac imaging modality, providing rich spatio-temporal information on cardiac anatomy and physiology. Recently, foundation model trained on extensive and diverse datasets has shown strong performance in various downstream tasks. However, translating foundation models into the medical imaging domain remains challenging due to domain differences between medical and natural images, the lack of diverse patient and disease datasets.

Switchable terahertz chiral metasurface for linear and circular dichroism.

An elaborately designed multifunctional metasurface based on vanadium oxide (VO) that enables polarization-selective modulation is presented. The metasurface is capable of transitioning between absorption and transmission modes by modulating the two-phase states of VO. When VO acts as a metal state, significant linear dichroism in the absorption mode (LD) is achieved with peak absolute values reaching 0.

Curdione inhibits the proliferation of human uterine leiomyomas by targeting YTHDF1.

Background: Curdione, an active sesquiterpene found in Curcumae Rhizoma, exhibits strong anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties, but its mechanism of action against uterine leiomyomas (ULMs) is not yet clear.

Purpose: This study aims to clarify the anti-proliferative effects of curdione on ULMs and explore the molecular mechanisms, with specific focus on the role of the m6A reader protein YTHDF1.

Methods: To evaluate the effects of curdione on human ULM cells, assays such as CCK-8, crystal violet staining, EdU, TUNEL, and Annexin V-FITC/PI were used to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Study on Photoelectric Properties of Graphene/Molybdenum Disulfide Heterojunction.

The zero-bandgap of graphene means that it can achieve a full spectral range response for graphene-based photodetectors. But the zero bandgap of graphene also brings relatively large dark current. To improve this issue and achieve low-cost graphene-based photodetectors, radio frequency (RF) magnetron-sputtered molybdenum disulfide constructed with graphene to form heterojunction was investigated.

Comparative analysis of Craib and its potential substitutes based on metabolites and pharmacodynamic effect.

Background: Craib (), a traditional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), faces resource scarcity, leading to the emergence of potential substitutes in the market. Although these potential substitutes have shown properties that alleviate RA-symptoms, their therapeutic equivalence to still requires systematic validation.

Purpose: This study aims to identify suitable potential substitutes for and elucidate their therapeutic mechanisms for RA by conducting comparative analyses of metabolites and pharmacology among these potential substitutes.

Inhibition of terminal complement complex formation alleviates murine antibody-mediated TRALI.

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a leading cause of blood transfusion-triggered mortality. Recently, we demonstrated the critical role of Fc-dependent complement activation in anti-CD36-mediated murine TRALI. In this study, we found that C5-/- mice were protected, and administration of anti-C5 rescued wild-type mice from anti-CD36-mediated TRALI.

Multi-active-site antibacterial modification of dopamine-hyaluronic acid hydrogel with N-halamine for skin tissue engineering.

Antibacterial hydrogels have attracted much attention in skin tissue engineering due to their superior ability to prevent infection. In this study, we developed an antibacterial hydrogel using a multi-active site N-halamine-modified dopamine-hyaluronic acid hydrogel. The in vitro antibacterial efficacy of the hydrogel exhibited 99.

Plantamajoside alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by modulating gut microbiota, upregulating CBS, and inhibiting NF-κB.

Background: Plantamajoside (PMS) is a natural bioactive compound derived from medicinal, food homologous plants of the genus Plantago.

Purpose And Methods: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of PMS on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice and explore the associated mechanisms.

Results: We found that PMS treatment significantly alleviated UC symptoms in mice by preventing body weight loss, increasing colon length, and reducing disease activity index scores.

Cine cardiac magnetic resonance segmentation using temporal-spatial adaptation of prompt-enabled segment-anything-model: a feasibility study.

Background: We propose an approach to adapt a segmentation foundation model, segment-anything-model (SAM), for cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) segmentation and evaluate its generalization performance on unseen datasets.

Methods: We present our model, cineCMR-SAM, which introduces a temporal-spatial attention mechanism to produce segmentation across one cardiac cycle. We freeze the pre-trained SAM's weights to leverage SAM's generalizability while fine-tuning the rest of the model on two public cine CMR datasets.

N terminus and C terminus of Arabidopsis P4-ATPase AtALA1 facilitate the detoxification of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol in wheat.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease affecting many important cereal crops. The disease is mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum, which produces mycotoxins, e.g.

Enhancing the static stability of older adults: A study on foot sole vibration intensities and locations.

Background: Falls are a major public health concern for older adults, driven by age-related declines in somatosensory feedback which is critical for postural stability. Plantar vibratory stimulation may enhance balance, yet the optimal parameters remain unclear.

Research Question: How may different foot sole vibration intensities and locations improve static stability in older adults?

Methods: Eighteen healthy older adults (aged 66.

Identification and genome-wide association analysis of wheat FHB resistance genes.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease in wheat, causing significant yield losses and deterioration of grain quality under severe conditions. In this study, a genome-wide association study was conducted with 448 accessions using genotyping data generated by the 660K SNP array. Nine relatively stable FHB resistance loci were identified on chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2D, 5B, 7A and 7B, respectively.

Rapid isolation of Yr9 via MutIsoSeq and QTL analysis of durable stripe rust resistance in wheat cultivar Xingzi 9104.

The fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is the causal agent of wheat stripe rust which constitutes a major limitation to wheat production.

Luteolin alleviates estrogen deficiency-induced muscle atrophy via targeting SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis.

Background: Skeletal muscle atrophy, which is a debilitating condition exacerbated by estrogen deficiency, lacks effective therapeutic interventions. Although ferroptosis (an iron-dependent form of cell death driven by lipid peroxidation) has emerged as a contributor to muscle degeneration, its regulatory mechanisms remain poorly defined. In this study, we identified luteolin, which is a natural flavonoid, as a potent inhibitor of ferroptosis that mitigates estrogen deficiency-induced muscle atrophy by targeting SLC7A11.

Global Prevalence of Nurse Turnover Rates: A Meta-Analysis of 21 Studies from 14 Countries.

Background: Nurses represent the largest occupational group within the health care system, comprising half of the global health workforce. Health care settings are facing severe shortages in countries worldwide, with nurse turnover being identified as the primary reason for this shortage. However, estimates of nurse turnover rates vary widely in the relevant literature.