Advances and Challenges in Nano-Delivery Systems for Glioblastoma Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor in adults, with current treatment options offering only limited improvement in patient survival. Despite the advancement of modalities such as immunotherapy, targeted therapy, gene therapy, focused ultrasound, and tumor-treating fields, therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfactory due to challenges such as the blood-brain barrier, tumor heterogeneity, and treatment resistance. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising platform to enhance the delivery, specificity, and combinatorial potential of these therapies.

Multifunctional nanozymes: Promising applications in clinical diagnosis and cancer treatment.

Cancer remains one of the greatest challenges in modern medicine. Traditional chemotherapy drugs often cause severe side effects, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, neurotoxicity, liver damage, and nephrotoxicity. In addition to these adverse effects, high recurrence and metastasis rates following treatment pose significant challenges for clinicians.

Relationships Between Burnout and Neuroticism Among Emergency Department Nurses: A Network Analysis.

Aim: Although neuroticism has a negative impact on burnout among healthcare workers, there is little research exploring the specific interactions between different components of burnout and neuroticism. This study aims to investigate this relationship among nurses in Emergency Departments (ED) through network analysis method (NAM).

Design: A cross-sectional investigative survey was conducted.

Treatment motivation, psychosocial impact, and perfectionism in children and adult orthodontic patients: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: With a shift in orthodontics from a more traditional biomedical model toward a more biopsychosocial model, orthodontists must understand their patients' psychological condition. This study aimed to investigate treatment motivation, psychosocial impact from malocclusion, and perfectionism in children and adult orthodontic patients and to examine the relationships among these various factors.

Methods: A total of 193 participants (114 children and 79 adults) were included.

Comparing the effectiveness of mind-body practices (MBPs) and various psychological methods on occupational stress among healthcare workers: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of mind-body practices (MBPs) and multiple psychological methods, and identify the optimal method for relieving work-related stress among healthcare workers (HCWs) by network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: We applied six electronic databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure to identify relevant RCTs from inception to September 16, 2023, and implemented a search strategy based on the PICOS principles. Data selection, extraction, and analysis of bias were carried out independently and in duplicate by separate researchers.

Enhancing emotion regulation: investigating the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at PC6 in reducing fear of heights.

This study investigated the impact of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) at Neiguan acupoint (PC6) on the physiological and behavioral responses of participants exposed in virtual height. 40 participants were included in the study and were randomly assigned to either a control group or an intervention group. Participants had an immersive experience with a VR interactive platform that provided somatosensory interaction in height stimulation scenes.

Relationship between depression and burnout among nurses in Intensive Care units at the late stage of COVID-19: a network analysis.

Background: Mental health problems are critical and common in medical staff working in Intensive Care Units (ICU) even at the late stage of COVID-19, particularly for nurses. There is little research to explore the inner relationships between common syndromes, such as depression and burnout. Network analysis (NA) was a novel approach to quantified the correlations between mental variables from the perspective of mathematics.

Taxifolin inhibits melanoma proliferation/migration impeding USP18/Rac1/JNK/β-catenin oncogenic signaling.

Background: Metastatic melanoma is a fatal cancer. Despite the advances in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for patients with melanoma, drug resistance and low response rates pose a considerable challenge. Taxifolin is a multifunctional natural compound with emerging antitumor potentials.

STING in tumors: a focus on non-innate immune pathways.

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and downstream stimulator of interferon genes (STING) are involved in mediating innate immunity by promoting the release of interferon and other inflammatory factors. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with a double-stranded structure has greater efficiency and sensitivity in being detected by DNA sensors and thus has an important role in the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Many previous findings suggest that the cGAS-STING pathway-mediated innate immune regulation is the most important aspect affecting tumor survival, not only in its anti-tumor role but also in shaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) through a variety of pathways.

Efficacy and safety of innate and adaptive immunotherapy combined with standard of care in high-grade gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Malignant glioma is the most common intracranial malignant tumor with the highest mortality. In the era of immunotherapy, it is important to determine what type of immunotherapy provides the best chance of survival.

Method: Here, the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in high-grade glioma (HGG) were evaluated by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Development and validation of an assessment index for quantifying cognitive task load in pilots under simulated flight conditions using heart rate variability and principal component analysis.

To investigate whether high cognitive task load (CTL) for aircraft pilots can be identified by analysing heart-rate variability, electrocardiograms were recorded while cadet pilots ( = 68) performed the plane tracking, anti-gravity pedalling, and reaction tasks during simulated flight missions. Data for standard electrocardiogram parameters were extracted from the R-R-interval series. In the research phase, low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), normalised HF, and LF/HF differed significantly between high and low CTL conditions ( < .

Effects of novel microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expanders manufactured by 3-dimensional printing technology: A finite element study.

Introduction: The expansion effects of several new microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expanders (MARPEs) manufactured by 3-dimensional printing technology were evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). The aim was to identify a novel MARPE suitable for treating maxillary transverse deficiency.

Methods: The finite element model was established using MIMICS software (version 19.

Stat3 shRNA delivery with folate receptor-modified multi-functionalized graphene oxide particles for combined infrared radiation and gene therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

As a vital oncogene, a variety of inhibitors targeting Stat3 and its various upstream signaling pathways has been explored. Since small molecules, peptidomimetics and other peptide inhibitors usually lead to side effects and difficult administration, gene therapeutics that have characteristics of low toxicity and high targeting, make them an attractive alternative for targeting Stat3. A major challenge to this approach is the lack of safe delivery systems for in-vivo applications.

A photodynamically sensitized dendritic cell vaccine that promotes the anti-tumor effects of anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody in a murine model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are promising tools in combating several cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, a substantial portion of HNSCC patients do not respond to PD-L1 antibody. Here we describe a photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) approach to enhance anti-tumor effects of the anti-PD-L1 antibody.

Identification of cross-talk pathways and ferroptosis-related genes in periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Purpose: There is a bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to further explore the pathogenesis of this comorbidity, screen out ferroptosis-related genes involved in the pathological process, and predict potential drug targets to develop new therapeutic strategies.

Methods: Common cross-talk genes were identified from periodontitis datasets (GSE16134, GSE10334 and GSE106090) and T2DM databases (DisGeNET and GeneCard).

Epigenetic regulation of cancer stem cells: Shedding light on the refractory/relapsed cancers.

The resistance to drugs, ability to enter quiescence and generate heterogeneous cancer cells, and enhancement of aggressiveness, make cancer stem cells (CSCs) integral part of tumor progression, metastasis and recurrence after treatment. The epigenetic modification machinery is crucial for the viability of CSCs and evolution of aggressive forms of a tumor. These mechanisms can also be targeted by specific drugs, providing a promising approach for blocking CSCs.

Metal-organic framework modified carbon cloth for electric field enhanced thin film microextraction of sulfonamides in animal-derived food.

Sulfonamides (SAs) were widespread in animal-derived food at trace level, which could trigger hazards to human health. Herein, electric field enhanced thin-film microextraction (EE-TFME) was developed based on carbon cloth (CC) modified with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for extraction of SAs (sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfamerazine, sulfadimidine, sulfamethoxazole and sulfisoxazole), which were a series of polar analytes. MIL-101(Cr) was in situ synthesized on CC via hydrothermal reaction and then was used as positive electrode in EE-TFME for adsorption of SAs.

Sorafenib-Induced Autophagy Promotes Glycolysis by Upregulating the p62/HDAC6/HSP90 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.

Sorafenib has attracted much attention as the first drug approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Because of the drug tolerance, the overall outcomes were far from satisfactory. Current studies suggest that changes in glucose metabolism induced by sorafenib are the pivotal resistant mechanism of HCC cells, but the specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear, which makes it difficult to increase drug sensitivity by targeting glycolysis.

Roles for the methyltransferase SETD8 in DNA damage repair.

Epigenetic posttranslational modifications are critical for fine-tuning gene expression in various biological processes. SETD8 is so far the only known lysyl methyltransferase in mammalian cells to produce mono-methylation of histone H4 at lysine 20 (H4K20me1), a prerequisite for di- and tri-methylation. Importantly, SETD8 is related to a number of cellular activities, impinging upon tissue development, senescence and tumorigenesis.

Mechanisms of False Alarm in Response to Fear Stimulus: An Event-Related Potential Study.

Background And Objective: There is a paucity of research that has explored "False Alarm" mechanisms. In order to remedy this deficiency in knowledge, the present study used event-related potential (ERP) technology to reveal the mechanisms underlying False Alarm in response to fear stimuli.

Methods: This study selected snakes as experimental materials and the "oddball paradigm" was used to simulate the conditions of False Alarm.

Postural Stability Change Under Sleep Deprivation and Mental Fatigue Status.

Based on posturography parameters during sleep deprivation (SD), a mental fatigue index (MFI) was constructed for healthy male cadets. There were 37 young male subjects who volunteered for two successive days of SD. Their posturography balance, profile of mood status (POMS), and heart rate variability (HRV) were measured at four different times (10:00 and 22:00 of day 1, 10:00 and 22:00 of day 2).

Collaborative compounding of metal-organic frameworks for dispersive solid-phase extraction HPLC-MS/MS determination of tetracyclines in honey.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a sort of dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE) material, has shown considerable prospects in the pretreatment of food, biological and other complex samples. Herein, we developed a method for compounding MOFs for d-SPE and trace determination of tetracyclines (TCs) in honey. When the compounding ratio of MIL-101 (Cr), MIL-100 (Fe) and MIL-53 (Al) was 7:1:2, adsorption-extraction was effective.

Leptin receptor-expressing cells represent a distinct subpopulation of notochord-derived cells and are essential for disc homoeostasis.

Background/objective: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remains to be an intractable clinical challenge. Although IDD is characterised by loss of notochordal cells (NCs) and dysfunction of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, little is known about the origin, heterogeneity, fate and maintenance of NCs and NP cells, which further stunts the therapeutic development. Thus, effective tools to spatially and temporally trace specific cell lineage and clarify cell functions in intervertebral disc (IVD) development and homoeostasis are urgently required.

Assessment of the static upright balance index and brain blood oxygen levels as parameters to evaluate pilot workload.

Objective: To investigate the potential for static upright balance function and brain-blood oxygen parameters to evaluate pilot workload.

Methods: Phase 1: The NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used to compare the workloads of real flights with flight simulator simulated flight tasks in 15 pilots (Cohort 1). Phase 2: To determine the effects of workload, 50 cadets were divided equally into simulated flight task load (experimental) and control groups (Cohort 2).