Nrf2 Activation Mitigates Silver Nanoparticle-Induced Ferroptosis in Hepatocytes.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), a promising class of metallic nanomaterials with strong antibacterial properties and biomedical potential, are increasingly being used in a variety of consumer products. The widespread application of AgNPs has raised concerns about their toxicological effects, particularly their accumulation in the liver and the associated oxidative stress. However, the precise molecular mechanisms driving these effects remain unclear.

Fibroblast bioelectric signaling drives hair growth.

Hair loss affects millions globally, significantly impacting quality of life and psychological well-being. Despite its prevalence, effective strategies for promoting human hair growth remain elusive. By investigating congenital generalized hypertrichosis terminalis (CGHT), a rare genetic disorder characterized by excessive hair growth, we discover that chromatin deletions or an inverted duplication disrupt the topologically associating domain (TAD), leading to the upregulation of the potassium channel KCNJ2 in dermal fibroblasts.

A mechano-resistance mechanism in skin adapts to terrestrial locomotion.

The transition from water to land required animals to evolve specialized paw skin to support body weight and enable locomotion. We identify an evolutionarily emerged mechanism in skin epithelial cells that adapts to this mechanical demand. We show that the Slurp1 gene, conserved across tetrapods, is specifically expressed in palmoplantar skin.

ELAPOR1 is a copper-dependent tethering factor driving proacrosomal vesicle fusion during acrosome biogenesis.

The acrosome is a crucial organelle essential for sperm function and male fertility. During acrosome biogenesis, numerous proacrosomal vesicles (PAVs) are transported to the concave region of the nuclear membrane and fuse to form the acrosome. However, the mechanisms governing the fusion of PAVs to form the acrosome remain poorly understood.

Microbial agents suppress jujube black spot disease and enhance jujube quality by regulating soil physicochemical and microbial properties.

Background: Jujube black spot disease, caused by the soil-borne pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata, threatens the sustainability of the jujube industry by adversely affecting yield. However, it is unclear whether microbial agents can increase yield by improving soil, inhibiting jujube black spots, and regulating microbial communities.

Results: Bacillus velezensis strain SDTB038 had significant inhibitory effects on A.

PP2Acα regulates sleep amount and sleep homeostasis in mice.

Genetic studies in mice have identified multiple sleep-regulating protein kinases, but the sleep functions of protein phosphatases remain largely unclear. Here, we performed adeno-associated virus-mediated somatic genetics analysis of PP2A catalytic subunits-PP2Acα and PP2Acβ-in sleep regulation in male mice. Adult brain chimeric (ABC) knockout of PP2Acα, but not PP2Acβ, across mouse brain neurons reduces daily amount of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep, but elevates NREM delta power.

Advancements in SELEX Technology for Aptamers and Emerging Applications in Therapeutics and Drug Delivery.

Nucleic acid aptamers, selected through the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX), are short nucleic acid sequences that exhibit high affinity and specificity towards diverse targets. Over the past three decades, substantial advancements have been made in both the technology and applications of nucleic acid aptamers. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the historical development and defining characteristics of aptamers, highlighting recent technological innovations in SELEX, including Capillary Electrophoresis SELEX, Microfluidic SELEX, Cell-SELEX, and others.

Rationally Engineering a pH-Low Insertion Peptide Variant Probe for High-Sensitivity Imaging of Early Tumors.

The detection of early stage tumors is essential in oncology but remains a formidable challenge. Here, we developed a fluorescent pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP) variant probe, 4 M pHLIP-Cy5.5, that can recognize the weak acidity (pH 6.

Temperature-dependent Mn emission in codoped CsPb (BrCl) perovskite nanocrystals.

We prepared codoped CsPb(BrCl) nanocrystal (NC) films by varying the Cu/Mn molar ratio using a facile two-step solution method. The Mn emission peak is studied in the temperature range of 80-300 K. Strong electron-optical-phonon coupling causes an anomalous blueshift and linewidth broadening of the Mn emission peak with increasing temperature.

Clean Interfaces in Twisted Bilayer Graphene via Elastocapillary-Driven Directional Motion of Nanodroplets.

Layered van der Waals (vdW) materials, characterized by an ultrahigh surface-to-volume ratio and weak interlayer interaction, readily encapsulate ambient contaminants, resulting in the formation of nanodroplets. These intercalated nanodroplets disrupt the interlayer coupling, thereby degrading the material's physical properties. Consequently, achieving an ultraclean vdW interface over a substantial area, particularly in suspended vdW materials, presents a significant challenge.

UBL7 is indispensable for spermiogenesis through protecting critical factors from excessive degradation by proteasomes.

Spermiogenesis is a tightly regulated process to produce mature sperm cells. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a crucial role in controlling protein half-life and is essential for spermiogenesis. Recently, proteins containing ubiquitin-like domains and ubiquitin-associated domains (UBL-UBA proteins) have emerged as novel regulators within the UPS.

A multi-level strategy based on comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry combined with PLS regression model and RT-Ensemble Pred model to intelligently distinguish different geographical locations of Huanglian sample.

Huanglian (HL) is a member of the Ranunculaceae family, including Coptis chinensis Franch., Coptis deltoidea C. Y.

Optical properties and electronic structures of lithium doped double perovskite CsAgBiCl crystals.

Lead-free double perovskite CsAgBiX (X = Cl or Br), as an environmentally friendly alternative to lead-based perovskite, has recently received much attention due to its excellent optoelectronic properties and potential applications. In this study, Li doped CsAgBiCl crystals are synthesized by heat-assisted solution evaporation. The crystal structure characteristics, component analysis and optical performances are investigated experimentally.

Energy consumption and environmental impact analysis of biomass graded deconstruction activation catalytic deoxygenation for rich single-ring aromatic bio-oil preparation.

The graded deconstruction activation catalytic deoxygenation (GDACD) technology positively influenced biomass pyrolysis product quality, but the energy consumption and environmental impact for industrial applications were still uncertain. To realize the requirement of biomass conversion for high energy efficiency and low environmental impact, this study developed a poly-generation system of GDACD, syngas combustion, and waste energy power generation to produce high-quality oil with a high content of single-ring aromatic and industrial steam. The poly-generation system was investigated and evaluated according to the energy and exergy balance and environmental pollutant emissions.

Expression of cytokines in the aqueous humor of cataract patients with pathologic myopia and simple high myopia.

Purpose: To explore the role of cytokines during the progression process of cataract patients with pathologic myopia (PMC) and simple high myopia (SHMC).

Methods: A total of 63 cataract patients who underwent cataract surgery were classified into a PMC group (22 eyes), an SHMC group (21 eyes), and an age-related cataract (ARC) group (20 eyes), based on axial length (AL) and International Myopia Institute (IMI)'s classification. Aqueous humor samples were extracted before surgery.

[Corrigendum] Morroniside protects SK‑N‑SH human neuroblastoma cells against HO‑induced damage.

Following the publication of the above article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, in Fig. 2D on p. 606, which showed the results of cellular morphological experiments, two pairs of data panels were overlapping, such that data which were intended to show the results obtained under different experimental conditions may have been derived from the same original sources.

Pathogenic mechanism of abnormal expression of HDAC3 in ovulatory granulosa cells inducing oocyte maturation disorder and its application in IVM.

Female reproductive health is troubled by oocyte maturation disorder. In mammals, granulosa cells (GCs) mediate luteinizing hormone (LH) action on oocyte maturation and ovulation. However, the pathogenesis of disordered GCs in oocyte maturation arrest is rarely studied.

Calcineurin governs baseline and homeostatic regulations of non-rapid eye movement sleep in mice.

Sleep need accumulates during waking and dissipates during sleep to maintain sleep homeostasis (process S). Besides the regulation of daily (baseline) sleep amount, homeostatic sleep regulation commonly refers to the universal phenomenon that sleep deprivation (SD) causes an increase of sleep need, hence, the amount and intensity of subsequent recovery sleep. The central regulators and signaling pathways that govern the baseline and homeostatic sleep regulations in mammals remain unclear.

Gypsum heterogenous nucleation pathways regulated by surface functional groups and hydrophobicity.

Gypsum (CaSO·2HO) plays a critical role in numerous natural and industrial processes. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms governing the formation of gypsum crystals on surfaces with diverse chemical properties remain poorly understood due to a lack of sufficient temporal-spatial resolution. Herein, we use in situ microscopy to investigate the real-time gypsum nucleation on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) terminated with -CH, -hybrid (a combination of NH and COOH), -COOH, -SO, -NH, and -OH functional groups.

PGD2/PTGDR2 signaling pathway affects the self-renewal capacity of gastric cancer stem cells by regulating ATG4B ubiquitination.

Background: Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) inhibits the development of different malignant tumors; however, the underlying mechanism of inhibiting tumor development is not yet clear. This study aimed to elucidate how PGD2 inhibits the stemness of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) autophagy and its underlying molecular mechanism to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of gastric cancer.

Methods: In this study, GCSCs were enriched by serum-free incubation.

Rosthornin B alleviates inflammatory diseases via directly targeting NLRP3.

Aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the evolution of diverse inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been proven to be an effective treatment strategy for NLRP3-driven diseases. This study revealed that multiple natural diterpenes from Isodon plants can inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome, among which Rosthornin B (Ros B) exhibited the best inhibitory effect, with an IC of 0.

Inhibition of XIST restrains paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer cells by targeting hsa-let-7d-5p/ATG16L1 through regulation of autophagy.

Breast cancer is a fatal malignant tumor in women worldwide. The development of paclitaxel resistance remains a challenge. Autophagy is considered to have a significant part in the chemotherapeutic stress mechanism.

Regulation of Sleep Amount by CRTC1 via Transcription of in Mice.

The cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) is required for regulation of daily sleep amount, whereas gain of function of CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1) causes severe insomnia in mice. However, the physiological functions of CRTCs and their downstream target genes in the regulation of sleep amount remain unclear. Here, we use an adult brain chimeric (ABC)-expression/knock-out platform for somatic genetic analysis of sleep in adult male mice.

mA Reader PRRC2A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression via CK1ε-Mediated Activation of WNT and YAP Signaling Pathways.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type and the second highest mortality rate among cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying CRC progression remain to be fully understood. In this work, a recently identified mA-modified RNA reader protein Proline-rich Coiled-coil 2a (PRRC2A) is markedly upregulated in CRC, and intestinal epithelium-specific deletion of Prrc2a significantly suppressed tumor cell growth, stemness, and migratory capacity, while its overexpression promoted these behaviors.