DHYZ modulates hippocampal cholinergic pathway acetylation to ameliorate cognitive deficits post-ischemic stroke in rats.

Ischemic stroke is a serious cerebrovascular disease that is often accompanied by debilitating sensorimotor deficits and persistent cognitive deficits, which seriously affect patients' quality of life. DHYZ, a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has shown significant efficacy in restoring neurological function in ischemic regions of the brain, but its potential for improving poststroke cognitive impairment remains underdeveloped. In this study, the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was used to reproduce the pathological process of ischemic stroke in humans.

APOE4 Exacerbates Alzheimer-Like Pathologies and Cognitive Deficits Induced by Blood-Derived Aβ in a Mouse Model.

Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is a significant risk for both familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) and sporadic AD with elusive mechanisms. Previous studies mainly focused on the role of APOE4 in familial AD, with less attention to sporadic AD. Our previous study demonstrated that blood cell-derived amyloid-β (Aβ) can enter the brain and induce AD-like pathologies, providing a novel animal model to study sporadic AD to a certain extent.

Cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cell exosomes facilitate non-small cell lung cancer cell viability and invasiveness by delivering miR-182 in a FBXW7-related AKT and ERK-dependent pathway.

Cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cells (CA-MSCs) modulate the tumor microenvironment and promote tumor progression. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of CA-MSCs, CA-MSC-derived exosomes and CA-MSC exosome-derived microRNA (miR)-182 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell viability and invasiveness. CA-MSCs were established by treating MSCs with supernatant from NSCLC cells.

Correction: Unveiling the role of cobalt in the product regulation for CO hydrogenation to light olefins over alumina-supported Co-Fe catalysts.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D5SC04407C.].

Relationship between metabolic syndrome and overactive bladder: insights from the NHANES and Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: Clinical observations suggest a correlation between metabolic syndrome (Mets) and overactive bladder (OAB). However, the absence of evidence for a direct causal relationship between them limits the development of effective treatment strategies. This study aimed to explore the association between Mets and OAB in the U.

Preoperative myosteatosis and intermuscular adiposity as CT-Derived nutritional prognostic markers in colorectal cancer: A multicenter development-validation study.

Background: Body composition alterations quantified by routine preoperative imaging may refine risk stratification and guide nutritional interventions in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to establish the prognostic value of CT-assessed muscle quality and ectopic fat deposition for long-term survival.

Methods: This dual-center retrospective study analyzed 850 patients from Wuhan Union Hospital (original cohort) and 647 from Shihezi University Hospital (validation cohort) undergoing curative CRC resection.

PENG-based self-powered transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation attenuated myocardial infarction-induced heart-brain remodeling via ameliorating the neuroinflammatory response in central amygdala.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is responsible for the majority of deaths worldwide and depression can intensify the detrimental cycle of heart-brain remodeling after MI. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an effective non-invasive neuromodulation strategy for treating depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) can convert the mechanical energy of organism into electrical energy to achieve self-powering.

Evaluation of the anti-tumor effect of gambogic acid loaded macrophage membranes nanoparticles combined with radiotherapy and anti-PD-1mAb in the colorectal cancer with liver metastasis model.

Background: The prognosis of patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is poor. The 5-year survival rate of those who cannot be treated by surgery is less than 5 %, thus, the management of patients with CRLM remains a significant challenge. Based on the anti-tumor activity of traditional Chinese medicine monomer and the local immune activation caused by low dose radiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors, we jointly applied it to explore the tumor inhibitory effect and the change of local immune microenvironment in liver metastasis model.

All-in-one peptide with sequential pH gradient sensing capabilities for the targeted delivery and deep penetration of nanomicelles against breast cancer.

Antitumor nanomedicines are usually decorated with ligands to achieve multiple functions, such as targeting delivery, tissue penetration and enhanced cellular uptake. However, a single ligand with multiple functions is generally preferred for use in practice. Herein, a versatile peptide, (HE)GRGDK (HE-RK), was engineered by integrating several motifs into a single sequence, including a masking segment (HE), a flexible linker (G), and a tumor-penetrating head (RK) which comprised a cell-penetrating peptide (R) and a C-end Rule peptide (RGDK).

Elevated lactate production exacerbates PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis by stabilizing TGF-β1.

Introduction: Lactate, a glycolysis byproduct, has been implicated in the fibrotic process, while transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays a central role in promoting fibrosis. Air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), represents a significant environmental risk factor for the development of pulmonary fibrosis.

CRISPR/Cas13a combined with reverse transcription-multienzyme isothermal rapid amplification for hepatitis B virus RNA detection.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a major global public health challenge. The covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which serves as the key reservoir for viral persistence, currently requires invasive liver biopsy for clinical monitoring. Recent studies have identified serum HBV pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) and its splicing variants emerging as potential noninvasive and reliable biomarkers for tracking disease progression and forecasting prognosis in chronic HBV infection.

Identification of a Potent and Selective Focal Adhesion Kinase Proteolysis Targeting Chimera: Targeting Noncatalytic Functions of Focal Adhesion Kinase to Facilitate Antitumor Immunity.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target since its pivotal involvement in tumorigenesis. However, FAK inhibitors exhibit limited efficacy in suppressing FAK's noncatalytic functions, potentially compromising their therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we developed a series of FAK PROTACs derived from our previously characterized FAK inhibitor .

Identifying low-risk breast cancer patients for axillary biopsy exemption: a multimodal preoperative predictive model.

Background: As the most prevalent female malignancy worldwide, breast cancer frequently involves axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM), which critically affects therapeutic algorithms. Current guidelines mandate preoperative ultrasound-guided axillary biopsy for suspicious lymph nodes, potentially exposing some low-risk patients with negative results to invasive risks. To optimize the utilization of biopsy, this study established a multimodal predictive framework that preoperatively assesses axillary lymph node (ALN) status, thereby triaging candidates for ultrasound-guided axillary biopsy.

Rotation- and Permutation-equivariant Quantum Graph Neural Network for 3D Graph Data.

Equivariant quantum graph neural networks (EQGNNs) offer a potentially powerful method to process graph data. However, existing EQGNN models only consider the permutation symmetry of graphs, and failing to fully exploit the geometric and non-geometric information in graphs, resulting in suboptimal performance when processing 3D graph data. To address these limitations, we derive constraints of rotation and permutation equivariance, and then propose a novel rotation- and permutation-equivariant quantum graph neural network (RP-EQGNN).

Sirt2 ablation exacerbates Sod1 knockout-induced progeroid phenotype in mice.

The free radical theory of aging suggests that oxidative stress from free radicals contributes to aging. While free radicals cause DNA damage and cellular dysfunction, they also regulate essential signaling pathways. This duality complicates direct testing of the theory in mice, as demonstrated by the minor lifespan impact of Sod1 knockout.

From network prediction to experimental validation: Multi-Target mechanisms of Artemisia absinthium L. Essential Oil (AAEO) against depression.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Artemisia absinthium L. (wormwood) has a long-standing tradition in European and Central Asian folk medicine for its neuroregulatory properties, historically used to calm emotions, alleviate nervousness, insomnia, and dizziness. Despite this ethnomedicinal precedent suggesting potential benefits for mood disorders, the systematic investigation of its antidepressant material basis and mechanisms remains unexplored.

Increased sympathetic outflow induced by ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus activation aggravates cardiac electrophysiology disturbance after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background And Aims: The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is the key brain region related to emotional stress and sympathetic activity, which can exacerbate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and induce severe ventricular arrhythmia (VA). We aim to investigate the role of increased sympathetic outflow induced by VMH activation after myocardial I/R injury, especially the changes of cardiac electrical activity.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into the Sham, I/R, hM3d(Gq) and hM4d(Gi) groups, with VMH specifically activated or inhibited using Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated Designer Drugs (DREADDs) technology.

Unveiling the role of cobalt in the product regulation for CO hydrogenation to light olefins over alumina-supported Co-Fe catalysts.

CoFe-based catalysts for CO hydrogenation reactions have been widely studied, but the effects of cobalt on the product regulation remains largely over-looked. In the present study, we report a series of Na-decorated alumina-supported Co-Fe bimetallic catalysts with varying Co/Fe molar ratios for the direct conversion of CO to light olefins. XRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy reveal that Co doping significantly promotes the reduction and carburization of Fe species, leading to the formation of active CoFe alloy carbides.

Association between self-reported multimorbidity and longitudinal brain Aβ deposition in Alzheimer's disease.

Multimorbidity is common in older adults. However, whether multimorbidity accelerates brain beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, the molecular driver of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in humans remains largely unknown. In this study, we selected 435 brain Aβ-positive participants with available longitudinal Aβ-PET data (mean duration 3.

CD131 contributes to ulcerative colitis pathogenesis by promoting macrophage infiltration.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a group of chronic inflammatory bowel disease mainly affecting the colon. The exact etiology of UC remains elusive. CD131 is a receptor subunit mediating the effects of hematopoietic growth factors granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Interleukin-3 (IL-3), which regulate various inflammatory responses.

Minimization of proteome reallocation explains metabolic transition in hierarchical utilization of carbon sources.

Cells choose between alternative pathways in metabolic networks under diverse environmental conditions, but the principles governing the choice are insufficiently understood, especially in response to dynamically changing conditions. Here, we observed that the lactic acid bacterium displayed homolactic fermentation on glucose or trehalose as the sole carbon source but transitioned from homolactic to heterolactic fermentation during the hierarchical utilization of glucose and trehalose when growing on the mixture. We simulated the observation by dynamic minimization of reallocation of the proteome (dMORP) using an enzyme-constrained genome-scale metabolic model, which coincided with our omics data.

Intestinal NF-κB pathway-mediated pyroptosis contributes to endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury.

Pyroptosis contributes to activation of the innate immunity system and defense against infection by pathogens. Endotoxemia is the host inflammatory storm occurring in response to severe and life-threatening infections caused by endotoxin from gram-negative bacilli. However, whether pyroptosis is involved in intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) or intestinal stem cell (ISC) injury induced by endotoxemia remains unclear.

Focal adhesion kinase inhibitors in fibrotic diseases therapy: Development and therapeutic potential.

Organ fibrosis, characterized by dysregulated extracellular matrix deposition due to abnormal tissue repair, remains a significant challenge in medical research. Although nintedanib and pirfenidone have been approved for pulmonary fibrosis, effective treatments for hepatic, cardiac, and renal fibrosis remain markedly limited. The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been extensively implicated in the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis, with FAK kinase inhibition emerging as a pivotal therapeutic strategy for fibrosis modulation.

Constructing simplified microbial consortia that couple lactic acid and ethanol utilization to highly produce caproic acid from liquor-making wastewater.

Converting biodegradable carbon in wastewater into medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) through stable microbiota is highly attractive. In this study, we utilized a top-down approach for constructing MCFA-producing microbial consortia. Specifically, an enrichment and plating-screening strategy employing lactic acid and ethanol as selective carbon sources was applied to isolate simplified caproic acid-producing microbial consortia from liquor-making pit mud.