Protective effect of liquiritin against cisplatin-induced liver injury in mice through reduction of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and inhibition of p38 MAPK/p53 pathway based on network pharmacology and in experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cisplatin is widely used in chemotherapy, but hepatotoxicity limits its effectiveness. Liquiritin has liver-protective effects, but its mechanisms have not been elucidated in combination with cisplatin for liver-injury treatment in mice.

Aim Of The Study: This investigation explored liquiritin's protective effect against cisplatin-induced liver damage in mice and its mechanisms.

Targeted metabolomics reveals dysregulated tryptophan metabolism in retinitis pigmentosa.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal degenerative disease characterized by progressive retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction and photoreceptor apoptosis, yet its pathogenesis remains unclear and no cure exists. Emerging evidence implicates the role of tryptophan metabolism in neuroinflammatory processes, prompting our investigation of serum tryptophan metabolites in RP patients versus healthy controls. Through targeted metabolomic profiling and clinical characterization, including age of onset, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal thickness, we identified significant alterations in RP patients: marked decreases in cinnabarinic acid, xanthurenic acid, quinolinic acid and indole-3-carboxaldehyde (all p < 0.

Electron-Donor Functionalization at the N-Position of Ethylenediamine Derivatives for Enhanced Aluminum Corrosion Inhibition.

The use of ethylenediamine-based compounds, including ethylenediamine (EDA), tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-2Na), as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum radiators in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) converter valve systems is investigated. The results of the electrochemical analysis demonstrate that EDA spontaneously adsorbs on aluminum surfaces through N-Al coordination, resulting in the formation of a protective layer that achieves a 97.28% corrosion inhibition rate.

Expression of Heat Shock Protein 90 Genes Induced by High Temperature Mediated Sensitivity of Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to Insecticides.

Soybean aphid, Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of soybean fields. While high-temperature stress induced by global warming can initially suppress aphid populations, these pests may eventually adapt, leading to more severe infestations and crop damage. Heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are upregulated in response to heat stress to protect aphid development, also confer tolerance to other abiotic stressors, including insecticides.

Fibrosis mechanisms and updates in potential therapeutic targets in systemic sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, multisystem autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by microvascular dysfunction, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis. The pathogenesis of SSc is regulated by both epigenetic and genetic factors. Although the pathogenesis is being explored, treatment options, especially for fibrosis, remain limited.

Sustainable Recycling of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes: Life Cycle Assessment, Technologies, and Economic Insights.

Rapid growth of electric vehicles has increased demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), raising concerns regarding their end-of-life management. This study comprehensively evaluates the closed-loop recycling of cathode materials from spent LIBs by integrating life cycle assessment (LCA), technoeconomic analysis, and technological comparison. Typical approaches-including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and other processes such as organic acid leaching and in situ reduction roasting-are systematically reviewed.

Spatial and electronic features driving SGLT1/2 selectivity: a combined molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics study.

The rising global prevalence of diabetes underscores the need for highly selective sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors, which are essential for glucose regulation. While human Na-D-glucose cotransporter (hSGLT) inhibitors offer therapeutic potential, the high sequence similarity between SGLT1 and SGLT2 complicates selective inhibitor design. To elucidate the selective inhibition mechanisms of SGLT1/2, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum calculations were combined to explore SGLT1/2 inhibition mechanisms.

Angiotensin II-induced phosphorylation of CHK1 at serine-280 drives cardiac remodelling by direct phosphorylation of JAK1, thus activating JAK1-STAT signalling in murine cardiomyocytes.

Background And Purpose: Cardiac remodelling is a common pathological process of heart disease. Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a key regulator of the DNA damage response and cell cycle, is well-studied in oncology, but its role in pathological cardiac remodelling remains unclear. Here, we investigated the activation of CHK1 and its effects in mouse models of cardiac remodelling induced by angiotensin II.

Global Burden of Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Across 204 Countries, 1990-2021: GBD 2021 Findings.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a general term for liver diseases caused by long-term and excessive alcohol consumption, which poses a serious threat to human health.

Methods: The data were collected from the estimates of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) in 2021. We focused on the impacts of age, gender, risk factors and the socio-demographic index (SDI).

LPS-Induced Mitochondrial Damage via SLC41A1-Mediated Magnesium Ion Efflux Leads to the Pyroptosis of Dental Stem Cells.

Although regenerative endodontics demonstrate promise for dental pulp regeneration, chronic inflammation often hinders the success. This study aims to explore the mechanism whereby lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces dental pulp regeneration failure. Transcriptomic profiling of LPS-stimulated dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) reveals dysregulated cation homeostasis and increased magnesium (Mg⁺) transmembrane transport.

Polyamine metabolism related gene index prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy response in breast cancer.

Background: Polyamine metabolism is closely associated with tumorigenesis, progression, and the tumor microenvironment (TME). This study aimed to determine whether polyamine metabolism-related genes (PMRGs) could predict prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in Breast Cancer (BC).

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of PMRG expression profiles in BC.

Pharmacokinetics and brain tissue distribution of extract in normal and cerebral ischemic rats: a comparative study.

Objective: This study systematically investigated the pharmacokinetic characteristics, cerebral distribution, and metabolic transformation of components in both healthy and cerebral ischemia rat models.

Methods: Chemical profiling of was conducted using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Based on the systemically absorbed constituents identified in plasma and brain tissues of dosed rats, a validated UPLC-QQQ-MS method was established to quantitatively determine target compound levels in plasma and brain tissues of both normal and cerebral ischemic rats following 3-day oral administration.

Delaminated Rotator Cuff Tears.

» Delaminated rotator cuff tears (DRCTs) represent a unique type of tear characterized by horizontal splits within the supraspinatus tendon, occurring in both partial-thickness and full-thickness tears, with or without retraction of the bursal or articular surfaces.» The pathogenesis of DRCTs lies in the anatomical layered architecture of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendons and the interlayer shear stress disparities. Furthermore, during shoulder abduction, hypovascular-driven degeneration and biomechanical strain gradients also contribute to this layered pathogenesis.

Study on the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of four polyphenolic compounds from perilla extract on advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

This study investigates the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of major polyphenolic compounds in perilla extract on the formation of advanced glycation end products using a high-temperature in vitro glycation model. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry identified quercetin, luteolin, rosmarinic acid, sinapic acid, and other representative bioactive constituents in PE. These polyphenolic compounds significantly inhibited protein-bound Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (41.

Chitinase 3-Like 1 Promotes Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Systemic Sclerosis via mTORC1 Signaling Pathway.

Objective: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complicated autoimmune connective tissue disorder. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) contributes to vasculopathy and fibrosis in SSc, yet its underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, we determined the role and mechanism of chitinase 3-Like 1 (CHI3L1) in SSc EndoMT.

Heterogeneity of metastatic gastric cancer: solitary non-regional lymph node metastasis and solitary lung metastasis showed better survival outcomes than other metastatic patterns.

Background: Although metastatic gastric cancer has remarkably poor prognosis, a small group of patients achieved relatively favorable survival outcomes due to the disease's variable biological behavior. The study aimed to investigate the impact of metastatic patterns on survival outcomes of metastatic gastric cancer patients.

Methods: Patients with distant metastatic (M1) gastric cancer in the China National Cancer Center between January 1999 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Covalent Tridentate Molecule Anchoring Enhances Nickel Oxide for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Nickel oxide (NiO) is a promising hole transport material for perovskite solar cells, but its high surface defect density and energy level mismatch with perovskite limit device efficiency. Conventional organic surface modifiers, relying on weak hydrogen bonds or single covalent bonds, fail to anchor stably to NiO, hindering their functional effectiveness. Here, A multidentate anchoring organic molecule, [4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]triethoxysilane (3F-PTES), is presented, forming robust tridentate covalent bonds with the NiO surface and significantly enhances interfacial binding strength and surface coverage compared with conventional groups (e.

Observation of Intrinsic and LED Light-Enhanced Memristor Performance in In-Plane Ferroelectric NbOI.

Two-dimensional (2D) layered ferroelectrics, as an emerging area of research, have attracted extensive attention, while memristors based on 2D ferroelectric materials are yet to be fully explored, thereby limiting their applications in modern nanoelectronics. In this work, we report the observation of intrinsic memristive behavior in a recently discovered 2D in-plane ferroelectric material, NbOI, and the giant enhancement of the memristive performance by using light-emission diode (LED) visible light. The results show that NbOI devices exhibit an intrinsically strong memristive response with a current on/off ratio of up to 10 and stable switching cycles, which is largely independent of the back-gate voltage.

Analysis on the prevalence and temporal trends of adverse birth outcomes among neonates in Shanghai from 2010 to 2023.

Background: Previous research has focused on the risk factors of adverse birth outcomes and its short-term and long-term consequences. However, study on the temporal trends of adverse birth outcomes is few. Furthermore, the population-level correlation between the rate of advanced maternal age (AMA) and the prevalence of adverse birth outcomes remains underexplored.

Efficacy of Yijinjing-inspired exercises on sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease: a controlled fNIRS study.

Background: Sleep disorders are prevalent in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, significantly impacting their quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes. This controlled trial aimed to investigate the impact of Yijinjing-inspired exercises on sleep disorders in PD patients, utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess neurophysiological changes.

Methods: Ninety-six PD patients were allocated to control, exercise, or music therapy groups for eight weeks.