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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, multisystem autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by microvascular dysfunction, inflammation, and progressive fibrosis. The pathogenesis of SSc is regulated by both epigenetic and genetic factors. Although the pathogenesis is being explored, treatment options, especially for fibrosis, remain limited. Recent clinical trials have made significant progress in targeting key pathways in fibrosis. This review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies, focusing on targets such as TGF-β signaling, oncostatin M/OSM receptor β axis, lysophosphatidic acid, nuclear receptor superfamily, endocannabinoid system, soluble guanylate cyclase, and mesenchymal stem cells, and highlights the potential of these targets to improve patient outcomes in combination with relevant clinical trials.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2025.152811 | DOI Listing |
Clin Exp Rheumatol
September 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Sichuan Tianfu New Area People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Clin Exp Rheumatol
September 2025
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Germany.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
September 2025
Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Objectives: Many patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) experience impaired hand function, yet the precise nature and impact of this impairment remains unclear. In this study, we explored the determinants of hand function impairment in SSc from a patient perspective and its impact on daily life. Additionally, we identified unmet care needs related to hand function impairment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
September 2025
Al Mouwasat University Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
Rationale: Systemic sclerosis (SS) is an immune-mediated connective disease characterized by skin fibrosis, microvascular damage, and multisystem manifestations. One of the most important processes in connective tissue disorders is vasculitis. The clinical findings can differ when the disease is presented with an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Rev Rheumatol
September 2025
Division of Medicine, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease in which fibrotic, vascular, autoimmune and fibrotic mechanisms synergize to promote disease progression. SSc is associated with high morbidity and mortality, primarily owing to fibrotic tissue remodelling and subsequent organ failure. Despite progress with the approval of novel therapies, mortality remains high; approximately half of the people diagnosed with SSc will succumb to disease.
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