Proteomic insights into collagen remodeling of the calipash in Chinese soft-shelled turtle () under challenge: Implications for nutritional quality and oxidative stress response.

The calipash, a collagen-rich tissue in , undergoes structural degradation during infection, compromising its economic value. This study investigates the underlying collagen alterations. Turtles were challenged with , and samples were collected at 0 h, 6 h, 1d, 3d, 6d, and 10d post-infection.

Iron Coordination in PtFeCoNiMo High-Entropy Alloys Modulates Platinum Local Environments for pH-Universal Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Developing cost-effective, stable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts effective across pH-Universal remains challenging. This work reports a one-pot synthesized Pt-Fe-Ni-Mo-Co high-entropy alloy catalyst supported on Ketjen Black (HEA@KB) featuring stacked nanoparticles. By systematically tuning the iron coordination, the optimized HEA@KB demonstrates outstanding HER activity with low overpotentials of 12.

Melanin metabolism mediated via tyrosinase protein involved in red shell coloration of hard clam, Meretrix meretrix.

Molluscan shell color polymorphism is influenced by a variety of factors, and endocrine pigments secreted by mollusks play a crucial role in determining shell coloration. The hard clam (Meretrix meretrix) exhibits one of the most extensive variations in shell color among molluscan species, and the mechanism underlying its shell pigmentation remains largely unexplored. The stable inheritance of red shell color in a newly identified variant of M.

Hierarchical biomass-derived carbon framework with asymmetric ZnCo dual-atom pairs for synergistic polysulfide adsorption and catalysis in Lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium‑sulfur (LiS) batteries have recently attracted ever-increasing attention owing to their ultrahigh specific energy and substantial cost benefits of sulfur. However, the sluggish redox kinetics from the critical conversion of soluble long-chain lithium polysulfide to solid-state LiS remains a fundamental challenge. Herein, hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks with asymmetric ZnCo dual-atom pairs (Zn-Co/NC) were successfully constructed using biomass-derived porous carbon as structural matrix through in situ growth and assisted pyrolysis strategy.

ICMC: An Interpretable Cross-domain Multi-modal Classification model for grading teaching plan.

Multi-modal classification aims to extract pertinent information from various modalities to assign labels to instances. The advent of deep neural networks has significantly advanced this task. However, the majority of current deep neural networks lack interpretability, leading to skepticism.

HSQC-TOCSY fingerprinting-guided isolation of undescribed glycosides and scalemic pentaketides with neuroprotective activity from a mesophotic zone Ircinia sponge-associated fungus, Acremonium sp. NBUF233.

HSQC-TOCSY fingerprinting-guided fractionation led to the discovery of three undescribed pentaketide, hexaketide, and monocyclofarnesol-type sesquiterpenoid glycosides, namely acremols A-C (1-3), along with new scalemic pentaketides (+)-4 and (-)-4, designated as (+) and (-)-acremols D, from fungus Acremonium sp. NBUF233 associated with a mesophotic zone Ircinia sponge. The structural elucidation was achieved through comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis combined with chemical degradation.

CsAc-Mediated Dynamic Reconstruction of Chloride Perovskite Films for High-Performance Self-Powered Near-UV Photodetectors.

Methylammonium lead chloride perovskite (MAPbCl), with its wide bandgap of ∼3 eV, exhibits unique advantages for near-UV to UV optoelectronic devices. However, the fast crystallization kinetics and significant solubility differences of MAPbCl precursors in solvents cause discontinuous films with high surface defect densities, severely limiting device performance. This study introduces a solution mediated dissolution recrystallization strategy to address the aforementioned issues, namely, employing a CsAc/methanol solution to dynamically reconstruct preformed MAPbCl films.

InP Quantum Dots with a Strain-Engineered Gradient Shell for Enhanced Optical Performance and Stability.

InP quantum dots have emerged as a promising ecofriendly alternative to cadmium-based QDs for next-generation display applications. However, red-emitting InP QDs synthesized via aminophosphine precursors still suffer from broad emission spectra and limited stability. In this study, we present a strain-engineered InP/ZnSe/ZnSeS/ZnS QD structure featuring a gradient alloyed ZnSeS shell that effectively mitigates lattice mismatch, reduces strain accumulation, and enhances shell uniformity.

Exploration of the molecular mechanism of Polygonati Rhizoma in the treatment of hyperlipidemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.

The purpose of this study was to study the potential mechanism of Polygonati Rhizoma for treating hyperlipidemia (HLP) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Predicted potential targets and signaling pathway networks were established between candidate active compounds and therapeutic targets of HLP. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and Analysis Platform database is a Chinese medicine collection and analysis system, and various target genes were identified for the treatment of HLP.

Microstructure and high-cycle fatigue fracture characteristics of WC-enhanced nickel-based laser cladding coating.

Aeroengine and powertrain components operate under elevated temperatures and cyclic loading, making them prone to fatigue failure. Laser cladding (LC) has emerged as a sustainable repair technology due to its strong metallurgical bonding and flexible processing. However, rapid thermal cycles during LC can introduce defects such as pores, cracks, and inclusions that impair fatigue performance.

Gonadal transcriptome profiling via RNA-seq during temperature-dependent sex determination and differentiation in the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta elegans).

In species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), incubation temperature during a critical embryonic window directs gonadal fate, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing of embryonic gonads from the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) incubated under male- and female-producing temperatures (MPT and FPT). Our analyses revealed numerous stage-specific differentially expressed genes and identified key candidates consistently upregulated under MPT or FPT conditions.

Risk Factors for Acute Exacerbation in Patients with COPD Group E in Ningbo: Risk Analysis of Irregular Review, Cardiovascular Complications, and Lung Function Decline.

Objective: To understand the high-risk factors for disease progression in patients in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) group E in Ningbo, and to explore the impact of and treatment on the prognosis of these patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 101 COPD patients in terms of general demographics, physical baseline data, lung function, disease treatment, and prognosis and used crosstab analysis and logistic regression analysis to understand the characteristics of the population of patients at high risk of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) and the associated risk factors.

Results: Univariate analysis demonstrated that frequent acute exacerbation (AE) in the COPD group E population was significantly associated with more severe airflow limitation, a lower FEF75%, higher mMRC scores, and irregular disease management (P<0.

Work from home and employee well-being: a double-edged sword.

Background: With the advancement of globalization and technology, remote work has gradually become a feasible and popular work model, particularly with the rapid adoption of working from home driven by the COVID-19 pandemic. This shift not only provides employees with greater flexibility and convenience, potentially enhancing their well-being, but also brings challenges such as blurred boundaries between work and family, and increased social isolation, which can lead to a decline in well-being. Therefore, exploring the dual-edged impact of working from home on employee well-being can help organizations design and implement better policies, enabling employees to balance work and family while improving overall well-being.

Machine learning driven rational design of AuAgPdHgCu HEA catalysts for the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction.

This study integrated high-throughput DFT calculations and machine learning to screen AuAgPdHgCu high-entropy alloy catalysts, revealing that negative d-band shifts of Hg/Cu optimize Δ for an enhanced 2e ORR activity. Structure-activity analysis identified an optimal configuration (0.97 ideal active sites), guiding efficient catalyst design.

Interface-Engineered 2H-MoS/MXene Heterostructures for High-Performance Ammonium-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors.

Aqueous ammonium-ion hybrid supercapacitors (AAHSCs) have received significant interest due to their environmental friendliness and excellent electrochemical performance. 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are promising cathode candidates for AAHSCs owing to their high conductivity and redox activity. However, their tendency to restack severely limits ion accessibility and rate performance.

Multisite Cooperative Regulation of Solvation and Interface via Dynamic Additive Engineering for Highly Reversible Zinc Batteries.

Inexhaustible additives have been reported to enhance the reversibility of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). However, the structure-performance relationship of additive molecules remains elusive, particularly regarding multisite coordination-mediated synergistic regulation of solvation and interface. Herein, a dynamic configuration reconstruction mechanism that orchestrates the multisite regulation of solvation and interface is unveiled by utilizing a series of polyhydroxy additive prototypes, demonstrating that the increase of functional groups and chain flexibility in multifunctional-group molecules (MGMs) contributes to boosting battery performance.

Gastrointestinal tolerance enhancement of the LPxTG-motif surface protein overexpressed Lactobacillus reuteri SH23 in vivo.

Background: Lactobacillus reuteri is a well-recognized probiotic with numerous health benefits, including modulation of gut microbiota, anti-inflammatory effects, and immune system enhancement. However, its probiotic efficacy depends largely on survival through the gastrointestinal tract and effective colonization of the gut mucosa. Surface-anchored LPxTG-motif proteins play crucial roles in bacterial adhesion and enhancing stress resistance.

Halogen Cocatalysis in Electrocatalytic Systems.

Renewable-energy-driven electrocatalysis represents a promising strategy for addressing environmental and energy issues as well as achieving net-zero carbon emissions. Halogens, including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, are extensively employed in electrocatalytic systems as catalyst constituents, electrolyte components, or additive agents to exert cocatalytic effects that enhance electrocatalytic performance. However, the specific roles of halogens in electrocatalytic reactions remain elusive.

Ecological Effects of Cultivation on Coastal Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality: A Study Based on Microscopic Analysis.

This study used microscopy-based quantitative enumeration to investigate the effects of large-scale cultivation on coastal water quality and phytoplankton communities. Data from April (cultivation period) and June (non-cultivation period) in 2018 and 2019 showed that cultivation increased pH and dissolved oxygen (DO). It also reduced nitrate-nitrogen (NO-N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO-N), phosphate-phosphorus (PO-P), total phosphorus (TP), and silicate-silicon (SiO-Si) concentrations.

Adaptive Responses of Large Yellow Croaker to Ocean Acidification: Integrative Analysis of Gill and Kidney Transcriptomics and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities.

Anthropogenic acidification is a long-term challenge to marine ecosystems. Though coastal acidification is intensifying, the large yellow croaker () exhibits good adaptability to pH fluctuations, the underlying mechanisms of which remain poorly understood. This study investigated the morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gene expression of under varying acidification conditions (pH 8.

Surface amorphization enables robust catalyst for industrial-level low-potential electrooxidation reactions.

Electrooxidation of pollutants at potentials near or below the thermodynamic hydrogen evolution potential offers transformative opportunities for energy-efficient pollutant valorization and diverse energy devices. However, existing catalysts suffer from rapid deactivation due to the inevitable overoxidation. Herein, we present an amorphous phosphorus-doped CoFe₂O₄ catalyst that achieves industrial-level current densities (1 A cm⁻²) at ultralow potentials (0.

Occurrence, Migration Behavior, and Environmental Burden of Phthalate Esters in Flooring Materials Used in Newly Renovated Chinese Homes.

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs), a class of synthetic semi-volatile organic compounds, are extensively incorporated into decorative materials. However, their specific occurrence, migration behaviors, and environmental impact on these materials-which comprise the largest surface areas in residential settings-remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the distribution, emission dynamics, and environmental burdens of PAEs in flooring commonly used in Chinese households.

Synergistic removal of ammonia nitrogen and thallium using sodium sulphide precipitation and autotrophic nitrifying granular sludge biosorption.

This study developed a novel hybrid process integrating sodium sulphide (NaS) precipitation with autotrophic nitrifying granular sludge (ANGS) biosorption for the efficient removal of thallium (Tl) and ammonium nitrogen (NH-N) from ionic rare earth mining wastewater in South Jiangxi. Single-factor experiments and orthogonal optimization determined the optimal NaS precipitation conditions (pH 10, 0.3 mL NaS dosage, 9 min reaction time), achieving removal efficiencies of 94.

The Reduction of COMP Serves as a Predictor for Warning of Aortic Dissection Progression.

Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prevailing challenge in TAD monitoring and diagnosis is the lack of novel biomarkers. A significant and sustained reduction in plasma cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels was observed through a case control analysis conducted in 362 TAD patients and 136 controls.

Natural Low-Eutectic Solvent Co-Culture-Assisted Whole-Cell Catalyzed Synthesis of Ethyl ()-4-Chloro-3-Hydroxybutyrate.

In this study, CGMCC NO:28566, a strain that can efficiently convert Ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate(COBE) to ()-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate(()-CHBE), was screened by soil-sieving bacteria. In order to improve the transformation effect of the strain, the natural low-eutectic solvent (NADES), which can alter the cell permeability, was utilized for assisted catalysis, and a better catalytic effect was achieved. This study was carried out using a co-culture of strains with NADES and secondary addition of NADES on the basis of co-culture, and 10 NADESs were screened at the same time.