Preparation Methods of Hydrogel Microspheres and Recent Advances in Their Application for Treating Diabetic Wounds.

Diabetic wounds are characterized by complex pathologies, such as vascular changes, nerve damage, and immune dysfunction, which make healing difficult. Hydrogel microspheres have shown great potential in the field of wound treatment due to their excellent biocompatibility, high water content, and soft physical properties. The review summarizes the preparation methods of hydrogel microspheres in detail, including microfluidic technology, spray method, electro spraying, emulsion method, phase separation, photomask method, and 3D printing technology.

Intestinal aging-related immune dysfunction: mechanisms and interventions.

Intestinal immunosenescence, a hallmark of organismal aging, has emerged as a critical biological process impacting the health of elderly individuals. This review systematically examines the core mechanisms underlying intestinal immunosenescence, including immune cell dysfunction, imbalances in immune-microbiota interactions, and impaired barrier function. We analyze its associations with infectious diseases, chronic inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders, summarizing recent advances in dietary interventions, microecological therapy, and other emerging strategies.

Soluble Sema4D From γδ T Cells Exerts Osteoblast Inhibition via Plexin-B/mTOR Signalling Contributing to Pathogenesis of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication in patients undergoing long-term bisphosphonate therapy, while our knowledge on the pathogenesis of BRONJ is far from sufficient. Gamma delta (γδ) T cells predominantly distribute in mucosal tissues and play an important role in both immune modulation and bone metabolism; however, the mechanism of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of BRONJ has not been elucidated. Here, we induced BRONJ-like lesions in wild-type (WT) and T-cell receptor delta-deficient (TCRδ) mice via intraperitoneal zoledronate injection.

Ambient Ozone Exposure and Global Child Health: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Studies.

Aim: Ozone is a photochemical pollutant, with exposure levels typically peaking during warm seasons in urban areas with intense sunlight and high traffic emissions. The rising annual average tropospheric ozone concentration risks children's health. This paper provided an in-depth overview of research on ambient ozone exposure and child health.

A Novel Morphological Classification to Guide Transcatheter Mitral Valve Edge-to-Edge Repair for Commissural Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Mitral commissural prolapse poses significant anatomical challenges that can hinder the effectiveness of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the safety and effectiveness of applying a novel morphological classification to guide TEER in patients with commissural degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR).

Methods: In this prospective, multicenter study across 18 centers in China, we classified patients with severe commissural DMR into 4 morphological types through detailed echocardiographic analysis.

NudCL2 suppresses pancreatic cancer progression by inhibiting SLC7A11-mediated EMT and metastasis.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. NudC-like protein 2 (NudCL2), a molecular cochaperone of HSP90, has been implicated in various cellular processes; however, its role in pancreatic cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we report that NudCL2 expression is significantly downregulated in PC tissues and is correlated with poor patient survival.

Arachidonic acid/Alox15 alleviates the progression of ulcerative colitis by modulating ferroptosis levels.

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a long-lasting, nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease involving continuous, diffuse intestinal mucosal injury. The pathogenesis of UC involves genetic polymorphism, oxidative stress, immune response, and microbial infection. Ferroptosis participates in UC progression as a novel non-apoptotic cell death, and its specific mechanism in UC progression deserves further investigation.

Pp1-87B/PPP1CC-JNK axis integrates apoptosis and ferroptosis-like cell death to regulate cell competition and tumorigenesis.

Cell competition, an evolutionarily conserved quality control mechanism, selectively removes unfit or pre-malignant cells via cell-cell interactions. Through a genetic screen in Drosophila, we identify the phosphatase Pp1-87B as an essential regulator of JNK signaling crucial for eliminating scrib-deficient precancerous cells during tumor-suppressive cell competition. Mechanistically, impaired Pp1-87B activates JNK signaling via the Moe-Rho1 axis.

Successful endoscopic reduction of rare post-ESD colonic intussusception: A case report.

Colonic intussusception after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an uncommon, yet clinically significant complication. Therapeutic approaches for postoperative intussusception encompass conservative management, endoscopic reduction, and surgical intervention. We present a case involving a woman in her early 40s who experienced acute abdominal pain and fever shortly after ESD for a large ascending colonic adenoma.

The evolution of concomitant mitral regurgitation in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a prospective multi-center China-DVD2 cohort study.

Background: Severe aortic stenosis (AS) often coexists with mitral regurgitation (MR). This study evaluated the significant evolution of MR in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for AS.

Methods: This multi-center China Degenerative Valve Disease II Cohort (China-DVD2) Study enrolled patients undergoing TAVR for AS from January 2020 to October 2023.

Novel mutations associated with clofazimine resistance in Mycobacterium intracellulare.

Background: Clofazimine is a promising repurposed drug for treating Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex pulmonary disease, but its resistance mechanisms in Mycobacterium intracellulare remain poorly understood.

Objective: This study aims to elucidate the resistance mechanisms of M. intracellulare to clofazimine.

Correction to "Functional role of long non-coding RNA CASC19/miR-140-5p/CEMIP axis in colorectal cancer progression ".

[This corrects the article on p. 1697 in vol. 25, PMID: 31011255.

Safety of fruquintinib in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer: an age subgroup analysis from a phase IV real-world clinical practice study.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasingly prevalent among young adults (<50 years) in China, a demographic that has been historically underrepresented in clinical studies. While most patients with CRC are aged ⩾65 years, this age group is also underrepresented in trials, highlighting the need for a better understanding of treatment outcomes in both younger and older populations. A recent phase IV trial evaluating the safety of fruquintinib in Chinese patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) showed a manageable profile.

Ciprofol Alleviates Depressive-Like Behaviors in CUMS Mice Through PPARα-Associated ERK/CREB Signaling Activation.

Background: Depression is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder involving neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neurotransmitter dysregulation. Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic potential of short-acting anesthetics in the treatment of depression. Ciprofol, a novel intravenous anesthetic with rapid onset and recovery, shows promise, although its antidepressant mechanisms remain underexplored.

[Evaluation of changes in serum measles antibody levels in children with tumors before and after chemotherapy and the necessity of revaccination with measles-containing vaccines].

To dynamically monitor the changes in measles antibody levels in children with tumors pre-and post-chemotherapy, and to evaluate the necessity of revaccination with measles-containing vaccines post-chemotherapy A prospective cohort study was conducted. Children with tumors under 15 years old who were hospitalized in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023 were included as the case group; healthy children of the same age from the community during the same period were included as the control group. Blood samples were collected from the case group before chemotherapy and at 1 month and 6 months after chemotherapy, as well as from the control group.

[Efficacy and influencing factors of preoperative pharmacological mydriasis in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery].

To investigate the efficacy and influencing factors of pharmacological mydriasis in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing cataract surgery. The study used a single-arm clinical trial design. Patients with type 2 diabetes who underdoing cataract surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from April to July 2024 were selected using convenience sampling method.

Integrated machine learning-based RNA sequencing and single-cell analysis reveal RNA methylation regulation patterns in the immune microenvironment of Alzheimer's disease.

Alterations in RNA methylation may affect the initiation and development of Alzheimer's disease. However, the exact nature of the relationship between RNA methylation and Alzheimer's disease remains unclear. In this study, RNA methylation levels were analyzed by bulk transcriptomic and single-cell RNA sequencing.

Association between mixed fatty acid emulsion and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in extremely low-birth-weight infants: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Soybean oil lipid emulsions have been implicated in the development of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) in premature infants. A recent mixed fatty acid emulsion containing soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), olive oil, and fish oil may reduce the incidence of PNAC, but evidence remains conflicting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mixed fatty acid emulsion on PNAC in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants.

Effects of Maternal Iodine Deficiency in Women with Mild Thyroid Dysfunction During Early Pregnancy on Mental and Motor Growth of Their Offspring During Levothyroxine Treatment.

The relationship between maternal thyroid function and intellectual development of offspring is controversial. Iodine may be an important confounding factor. This study investigated whether maternal iodine status could affect the efficacy of levothyroxine (LT4) treatment during early pregnancy on the intellectual growth of progeny.

Research progress on the role of peripheral nerves in wound healing.

Skin wound repair is critically regulated by peripheral nerves, whose injury or dysfunction represents a key factor impairing the healing of pathological wounds such as diabetic ulcers and deep burns. The mechanisms through which peripheral nerves participate in cutaneous wound healing primarily involve the modulation of immune responses, the regulation of stem cell niches, and the promotion of angiogenesis. Sensory neurons initiate and mediate essential local immune responses, contribute to the epidermal stem cell microenvironment, and support regenerative potential.

Decision-Making Signatures of Methamphetamine and Alcohol Use Disorders.

Background: Aberrant decision-making is a hallmark of substance use disorders (SUDs), often impeding recovery. While uncertainty, comprising risk and ambiguity, is central to real-world choices, its distinct effects in SUDs remain underexplored. This study disentangles risk and ambiguity to identify context-specific impairments in methamphetamine (MUD) and alcohol use disorders (AUD).