Research progress on the role of peripheral nerves in wound healing.

Skin wound repair is critically regulated by peripheral nerves, whose injury or dysfunction represents a key factor impairing the healing of pathological wounds such as diabetic ulcers and deep burns. The mechanisms through which peripheral nerves participate in cutaneous wound healing primarily involve the modulation of immune responses, the regulation of stem cell niches, and the promotion of angiogenesis. Sensory neurons initiate and mediate essential local immune responses, contribute to the epidermal stem cell microenvironment, and support regenerative potential.

Advances of exosomes in diabetic wound healing.

Poor wound healing is a refractory process that places an enormous medical and financial burden on diabetic patients. Exosomes have recently been recognized as crucial players in the healing of diabetic lesions. They have excellent stability, homing effects, biocompatibility, and reduced immunogenicity as novel cell-free therapies.

Emerging strategies for tissue engineering in vascularized composite allotransplantation: A review.

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), which can effectively improve quality of life, is a promising therapy for repair and reconstruction after face or body trauma. However, intractable issues are associated with VCA, such as the inevitable multiple immunogenicities of different tissues that cause severe rejection, the limited protocols available for clinical application, and the shortage of donor sources. The existing regimens used to extend the survival of patients receiving VCAs and suppress rejection are generally the lifelong application of immunosuppressive drugs, which have side effects.

Eosinophilic Solid and Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Study of 18 Cases and Review of the Literature.

Context.—: Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma is now defined in the 5th edition of the 2022 World Health Organization classification of urogenital tumors.

Objective.

pH buffer KHPO boosts zinc ion battery performance via facilitating proton reaction of MnO cathode.

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are rapidly emerging as safe, cost-effective, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly energy storage systems. However, mildly acidic electrolytes with depleted protons cannot satisfy the huge demand for proton reactions in MnO electrodes and also cause several issues in ZIBs, such as rapidly decaying cycling stability and low reaction kinetics. Herein, we propose a pH-buffering strategy in which KHPO is added to the electrolyte to overcome the problems caused by low proton concentrations.

ISG15 targets glycosylated PD-L1 and promotes its degradation to enhance antitumor immune effects in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in the clinical treatment of lung cancer. Although clinical studies and trials have shown that patients can benefit significantly after PD-1/PD-L1 blocking therapy, less than 20% of patients can benefit from ICIs therapy due to tumor heterogeneity and the complexity of immune microenvironment. Several recent studies have explored the immunosuppression of PD-L1 expression and activity by post-translational regulation.

Recent Advances in Flexible Ultrasonic Transducers: From Materials Optimization to Imaging Applications.

Ultrasonic (US) transducers have been widely used in the field of ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging system in recent years, to convert acoustic and electrical signals into each other. As the core part of imaging systems, US transducers have been extensively studied and achieved remarkable progress recently. Imaging systems employing conventional rigid US transducers impose certain constraints, such as not being able to conform to complex surfaces and comfortably come into contact with skin and the sample, and meet the applications of continuous monitoring and diagnosis.

Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy for gas sensing: A comparison of different displacement detection methods.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) combines the advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity and zero background, which is very suitable for trace gas detection. Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (CEPAS) utilizes highly sensitive mechanical cantilevers to further enhance the photoacoustic signal and shows a gas concentration detection limit of parts per trillion. This review is intended to summarize the recent advancements in CEPAS based on different displacement detection methods, such as Michelson interference, Fabry-Perot interference, light intensity detection, capacitive, piezoelectric and piezoresistive detection.

PM source apportionment identified with total and soluble elements in positive matrix factorization.

Source apportionments of urban aerosols identified with positive matrix factorization (PMF) are sensitive to input variables. So far, total elements were frequently included as effective factors in PMF-based source apportionment. We investigated the advances to involve soluble parts of elements in the source apportionment with four data sets of PM composition observed at a coastal city (Qingdao) in northern China: water-soluble ions plus organic and elemental carbon (IC set), the IC set plus total elements (ICTE set), the IC set plus soluble elements (ICSE set), and the IC set plus both total elements and soluble elements (ICAE set).

Efficiency of Multifunctional Antibacterial Hydrogels for Chronic Wound Healing in Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review.

Diabetic chronic wounds or amputation, which are complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), are a cause of great suffering for diabetics. In addition to the lack of oxygen, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced vascularization, microbial invasion is also a critical factor that induces non-healing chronic diabetic wounds, ie, wounds still remaining in the stage of inflammation, after which the wound tissue begins to age and becomes necrotic. To clear up the infection, alleviate the inflammation in the wound and prevent necrosis, many kinds of hydrogel have been fabricated to eliminate infections with pathogens.

Mussel-inspired collagen-hyaluronic acid composite scaffold with excellent antioxidant properties and sustained release of a growth factor for enhancing diabetic wound healing.

Long-term non-healing diabetic wounds are always a serious challenge and a global healthcare burden that needs to be resolved urgently in the clinic. Prolonged inflammation and impaired angiogenesis are the main direct causes of diabetic wounds. With the development of polymer biomaterials, various wound dressings have been created, but a few of them have been applied to the clinical management of diabetic wounds.

Ethephon Reduces Maize Nitrogen Uptake but Improves Nitrogen Utilization in L.

Increasing use of plant density or/and nitrogen (N) application has been introduced to maize production in the past few decades. However, excessive planting density or/and use of fertilizer may cause reduced N use efficiency (NUE) and increased lodging risks. Ethephon application improves maize lodging resistance and has been an essential measure in maize intensive production systems associated with high plant density and N input in China.

Long Noncoding RNA 00472: A Novel Biomarker in Human Diseases.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in human diseases. They control gene expression levels and influence various biological processes through multiple mechanisms. Functional abnormalities in lncRNAs are strongly associated with occurrence and development of various diseases.

A Review of High-Frequency Ultrasonic Transducers for Photoacoustic Imaging Applications.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a new and rapidly growing hybrid biomedical imaging modality that combines the virtues of both optical and ultrasonic (US) imaging. The nature of the interaction between light and ultrasound waves allows PAI to make good use of the rich contrast produced by optics while retaining the imaging depths in US imaging. High-frequency US transducers are an important part of the PAI systems, used to detect the high-frequency and broad-bandwidth photoacoustic signals excited by the target tissues irradiated by short laser pulses.

Fertilizer stabilizers reduce nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil by targeting microbial nitrogen transformations.

Nitrous oxide (NO) is a pollutant released from agriculture soils following N fertilizer application. N stabilizers, such as N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) could mitigate these NO emissions when applied with fertilizer. Here, field experiments were conducted to investigate the microbial mechanisms by which NBPT and DMPP mitigate NO emissions following urea application.

A nomogram-based immune-serum scoring system predicts overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The immunoscore, which is used to quantify immune infiltrates, has greater relative prognostic value than tumor, node, and metastasis (TNM) stage and might serve as a new system for classification of colorectal cancer. However, a comparable immunoscore for predicting lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis is currently lacking.

Methods: We analyzed the expression of 18 immune features by immunohistochemistry in 171 specimens.

Polymorphous Supercapacitors Constructed from Flexible Three-Dimensional Carbon Network/Polyaniline/MnO Composite Textiles.

Polymorphous supercapacitors were constructed from flexible three-dimensional carbon network/polyaniline (PANI)/MnO composite textile electrodes. The flexible textile electrodes were fabricated through a layer-by-layer construction strategy: PANI, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and MnO were deposited on activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) in turn through an electropolymerization process, "dipping and drying" method, and in situ chemical reaction, respectively. In the fabricated ACFC/PANI/CNTs/MnO textile electrodes, the ACFC/CNT hybrid framework serves as a porous and electrically conductive 3D network for the rapid transmission of electrons and electrolyte ions, where ACFC, PANI, and MnO are high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.

Aberrations and clinical significance of BRAF in malignant melanoma: A series of 60 cases in Chinese Uyghur.

Malignant melanoma (MM) is a highly malignant melanocytic tumor, it occurs mostly in the skin, the mucous membrane close to the skin, but also in the tunicae rhagoides and the pia mater. The Uyghur is the largest ethnic group living in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China, accounting for 46% of the total population of 20 million. Large-scale studies on MMs in Asian countries are limited.

TIR/BB-loop mimetic AS-1 attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via a caveolae and caveolin-3-dependent mechanism.

AS-1, the TIR/BB loop mimetic, plays a protective role in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The muscle specific caveolin3 (Cav-3) and the caveolae have been found to be critical for cardioprotection. This study aimed to evaluate our hypothesis that caveolae and Cav-3 are essential for AS-1-induced cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury.

Novel insight into MALAT-1 in cancer: Therapeutic targets and clinical applications.

Long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important gene expression regulators that are linked to various biological processes at the post-transcriptional and transcriptional levels. lncRNAs are known to be important in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and metastasis. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT-1), a novel lncRNA, is highly conserved amongst mammals.

MicroRNA-125b protects against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury via targeting p53-mediated apoptotic signalling and TRAF6.

Aims: The present study examined the role of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We constructed lentivirus-expressing miR-125b (LmiR-125b) and developed transgenic mice with overexpression of miR-125b.

Methods And Results: LmiR-125b was transfected into mouse hearts through the right common carotid artery.

Toll-like receptor 3 plays a role in myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Innate immune and inflammatory responses mediated by Toll like receptors (TLRs) have been implicated in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study examined the role of TLR3 in myocardial injury induced by two models, namely, myocardial infarction (MI) and I/R. First, we examined the role of TLR3 in MI.