Research progress on the role of peripheral nerves in wound healing.

Skin wound repair is critically regulated by peripheral nerves, whose injury or dysfunction represents a key factor impairing the healing of pathological wounds such as diabetic ulcers and deep burns. The mechanisms through which peripheral nerves participate in cutaneous wound healing primarily involve the modulation of immune responses, the regulation of stem cell niches, and the promotion of angiogenesis. Sensory neurons initiate and mediate essential local immune responses, contribute to the epidermal stem cell microenvironment, and support regenerative potential.

Advances of exosomes in diabetic wound healing.

Poor wound healing is a refractory process that places an enormous medical and financial burden on diabetic patients. Exosomes have recently been recognized as crucial players in the healing of diabetic lesions. They have excellent stability, homing effects, biocompatibility, and reduced immunogenicity as novel cell-free therapies.

Physical activity affects dysthyreosis by thyroid hormones sensitivity: a population-based study.

Objective: Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in human health. However, the relationship between the PA and dysthyreosis was not clear. This study aimed to explore this question.

Exploring the potential mechanism of WuFuYin against hypertrophic scar using network pharmacology and molecular docking.

Background: Hypertrophic scar (HTS) is dermal fibroproliferative disorder, which may cause physiological and psychological problems. Currently, the potential mechanism of WuFuYin (WFY) in the treatment of HTS remained to be elucidated.

Aim: To explore the potential mechanism of WFY in treating HTS.

Emerging strategies for tissue engineering in vascularized composite allotransplantation: A review.

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), which can effectively improve quality of life, is a promising therapy for repair and reconstruction after face or body trauma. However, intractable issues are associated with VCA, such as the inevitable multiple immunogenicities of different tissues that cause severe rejection, the limited protocols available for clinical application, and the shortage of donor sources. The existing regimens used to extend the survival of patients receiving VCAs and suppress rejection are generally the lifelong application of immunosuppressive drugs, which have side effects.

Heme oxygenase-1 induction mitigates burn-associated early acute kidney injury via the TLR4 signaling pathway.

Objectives: Early acute kidney injury (AKI) after burn contributes to disastrous prognoses for severely burned patients. Burn-induced renal oxidative stress and secondary proinflammatory mediator release contribute to early AKI development, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 regulates inflammation. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-responsive enzyme that plays a vital role in protecting against ischemia-induced organ injury via its antioxidant properties and regulation of inflammation.

ASMq protects against early burn wound progression in rats by alleviating oxidative stress and secondary mitochondria‑associated apoptosis via the Erk/p90RSK/Bad pathway.

Burn wounds present an evolutionary progression, in which the initial wound tissue deepens and expands following thermal injury. Progressive tissue damage in the zone of stasis may worsen burn injury, which is associated with oxidative stress and secondary apoptosis, and worsen the prognosis of patients with burn wounds. The mitochondrial apoptotic pathway is involved in receiving oxidative signals and regulating tissue apoptosis.

Locally activated mitophagy contributes to a "built-in" protection against early burn-wound progression in rats.

Aims: Deep burn-wounds undergo a dynamic progression in the initial or periburn area after insults, and the zone of stasis is the crucial region suffering the deterioration, considered as salvageable. Few studies explored the role of mitochondria in this process. This study is to clarify a possible "built-in" protection of mitophagy.

Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission in Neuronal Death Induced by Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion and Its Clinical Application: A Mini-Review.

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles which are joined by mitochondrial fusion and divided by mitochondrial fission. The balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission plays a critical role in maintaining the normal function of neurons, of which the processes are both mediated by several proteins activated by external stimulation. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can disrupt the balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission through regulating the expression and post-translation modification of fusion- and fission-related proteins, thereby destroying homeostasis of the intracellular environment and causing neuronal death.

Epidemic characteristics of the COVID-19 outbreak in Tianjin, a well-developed city in China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is already a pandemic. Few studies investigated the epidemic characteristics of the COVID-19 outbreak in the well-developed cities.

Methods: Epidemiological data of 136 confirmed COVID-19 cases were collected from the dataset of COVID-19 in Tianjin.

Correlation between travellers departing from Wuhan before the Spring Festival and subsequent spread of COVID-19 to all provinces in China.

We found a strong correlation between travel volumes departing from Wuhan, Hubei Province before the Spring Festival and the extent of amplification of the outbreak of COVID-19 in China in 2020, with 100 top cities. Almost 70% of exportations were within cities in Hubei province.

Regeneration of skin appendages and nerves: current status and further challenges.

Tissue-engineered skin (TES), as an analogue of native skin, is promising for wound repair and regeneration. However, a major drawback of TES products is a lack of skin appendages and nerves to enhance skin healing, structural integrity and skin vitality. Skin appendages and nerves are important constituents for fully functional skin.

Epidemiology of bus fires in mainland China from 2006 to 2015.

Objective: This study analyses the epidemiological characteristics of bus fires in mainland China over the past 10 years to develop prevention strategies and emergency procedures for such incidence and the resulting casualties.

Methods: We collected reports on bus fires from the media and news websites and looked up on Medline, PubMed, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for relevant publications in English or Chinese from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2015.

Results: In the past 10 years, there were 382 bus fires in mainland China.

Nrf2/HO-1 mediates the neuroprotective effect of mangiferin on early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage by attenuating mitochondria-related apoptosis and neuroinflammation.

Early brain injury (EBI) is involved in the process of cerebral tissue damage caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and multiple mechanisms, such as apoptosis and inflammation, participate in its development. Mangiferin (MF), a natural C-glucoside xanthone, has been reported to exert beneficial effects against several types of organ injury by influencing various biological progresses. The current study aimed to investigate the potential of MF to protect against EBI following SAH via histological and biological assessments.

Astaxanthin protects against early burn-wound progression in rats by attenuating oxidative stress-induced inflammation and mitochondria-related apoptosis.

Burn-wound progression can occur in the initial or peri-burn area after a deep burn injury. The stasis zone has a higher risk of deterioration mediated by multiple factors but is also considered salvageable. Astaxanthin (ATX), which is extracted from some marine organisms, is a natural compound with a strong antioxidant effect that has been reported to attenuate organ injuries caused by traumatic injuries.

Diagnosis and management of tumor-like hypophysitis: A retrospective case series.

Tumor-like hypophysitis is an uncommon sellar condition that presents as inflammatory lesions on the structures of the pituitary gland. The diagnosis and management of hypophysitis poses a significant challenge, as its clinical manifestation and appearance in imaging studies are difficult to distinguish from that of pituitary tumors. The present retrospective study summarizes two rare cases of primary granulomatous hypophysitis, two cases of lymphocytic hypophysitis, and three cases in which a pathological diagnosis was not determined due to the use of hormone replacement therapy only.

Polyurethane membrane/knitted mesh-reinforced collagen-chitosan bilayer dermal substitute for the repair of full-thickness skin defects via a two-step procedure.

The advent of dermal substitutes provides a revolutionary strategy for the repair and reconstruction of deep skin defects. Dermal substitutes form a regenerative template that provides the porous structure and mechanical support necessary to guide cell migration, deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and angiogenesis. Commercially available dermal substitutes, particularly collagen-based dermal scaffolds, are widely used in clinical practice.

Topiramate attenuates early brain injury following subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats via duplex protection against inflammation and neuronal cell death.

Early brain injury (EBI) following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) insults contributes to the poor prognosis and high mortality observed in SAH patients. Topiramate (TPM) is a novel, broad-spectrum, antiepileptic drug with a reported protective effect against several brain injuries. The current study aimed to investigate the potential of TPM for neuroprotection against EBI after SAH and the possible dose-dependency of this effect.

Effects of hydrogen-rich saline on early acute kidney injury in severely burned rats by suppressing oxidative stress induced apoptosis and inflammation.

Background: Early acute kidney injury (AKI) in severely burned patients predicts a high mortality that is multi-factorial. Hydrogen has been reported to alleviate organ injury via selective quenching of reactive oxygen species. This study investigated the potential protective effects of hydrogen against severe burn-induced early AKI in rats.

Astaxanthin attenuates early acute kidney injury following severe burns in rats by ameliorating oxidative stress and mitochondrial-related apoptosis.

Early acute kidney injury (AKI) is a devastating complication in critical burn patients, and it is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. The mechanism of AKI is multifactorial. Astaxanthin (ATX) is a natural compound that is widely distributed in marine organisms; it is a strong antioxidant and exhibits other biological effects that have been well studied in various traumatic injuries and diseases.

Left type I proatlantal artery with bilateral aberrant vertebral arteries and a ruptured aneurysm: a case report and review of the literature.

Persistent proatlantal artery is one rare kind of persistent primitive anastomoses between carotid and basilar vascular system. This case firstly introduces a type I proatlantal artery with complex vascular anomalies of bilateral vertebral arteries and a ruptured aneurysm, which is extremely uncommon. A 43-year-old female was hospitalised for SAH and ventricular hematocele.

Astragaloside IV alleviates early brain injury following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Astragaloside IV, one of the main effective components isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, has multiple neuroprotective properties, while the effects of astragaloside IV on the attenuation of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced early brain injury (EBI) and its possible mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether astragaloside IV could inhibit oxidative stress, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and improve neurological deficits after experimental SAH in rats. Rats (n=68) were randomly divided into the following groups: Sham group, SAH group, SAH+vehicle group, and SAH+astragaloside IV group.

Comparison between routine and improved decompressive craniectomy on patients with malignant cerebral artery infarction without traumatic brain injury.

Background: Malignant cerebral artery infarction is one kind of ischemic stroke with high mortality. The aim of this study was to analyze comparatively the preoperative and postoperative clinical data as well as the prognostic factors in these patients who underwent improved decompressive craniectomy or routine decompressive craniectomy.

Methods: A total of 131 patients with malignant cerebral artery infarction were included during the period from January 2000 to December 2012.