Development and internal validation of a machine learning algorithm for the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children with obesity.

Aim: We aimed to develop and internally validate a machine learning (ML)-based model for the prediction of the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children with obesity.

Methods: In total, 292 children with obesity and T2DM were enrolled between July 2023 and February 2024 and followed for at least 1 year. Eight ML algorithms (Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multilayer Perceptron, Adaptive Boosting, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, and Extreme Gradient Boosting) were compared for their capacity to identify key clinical and laboratory characteristics of T2DM in children and to create a risk prediction model.

Sliding Ferroelectrics Induced Hybrid-Order Topological Phase Transitions.

We propose ferroelectric layer sliding as a new approach to realize and manipulate topological quantum states in two-dimensional (2D) bilayer magnetic van der Waals materials. We show that stacking monolayer ferromagnetic topological states into layer-spin-locked bilayer antiferromagnetic structures, and introducing sliding ferroelectricity leads to asynchronous topological evolution of different layers (spins) owing to the existence of polarization potentials, thereby giving rise to rich layer-resolved topological phases. As a specific example, by means of a lattice model, we show that a bilayer magnetic 2D second order topological insulator (SOTI) reveals an unrecognized spin-hybrid-order topological insulator after undergoing ferroelectric sliding.

Effectiveness of telerehabilitation in non-operatively managed shoulder conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-operatively managed shoulder conditions, including rotator cuff tendinopathy, subacromial pain syndrome, adhesive capsulitis, and non-displaced proximal humerus fractures, frequently cause pain and restricted mobility. While traditional rehabilitation is effective, access to in-person therapy can be hindered by various factors. Telerehabilitation, which leverages telecommunication technologies, is a promising alternative to traditional in-person rehabilitation.

Triple-chord trussed submerged floating tunnels: hybrid construction concept, feasibility and design.

Submerged floating tunnels (SFT) offer a promising solution for deep-water crossings and intercontinental transportation. However, current SFT designs struggle to meet the high structural performance demands associated with the harsh service environments while remaining economically viable, thus limiting their implementation in practice. Here, we propose a conceptual SFT design using a triple-chord trussed concrete-filled double-skin tubular (CFDST) hybrid structure, featuring CFDST chords and hollow steel tubular braces.

The stability, electronic and topological properties of Bi-dopedPbPdO2: a first-principles study.

Spin-gapless semiconductors (SGSs), as a new class of quantum materials, bridge conventional semiconductors and semi-metallic ferromagnets. Herein, the stability and topological properties of PbPdOwith Bi substituting for Pb are systematically analyzed through first-principles calculations. The results show that Bi substitution for Pb is thermodynamically stable under Pb-poor conditions.

The effectiveness of parent participation in postoperative pain management programs for children undergoing tonsillectomy: an experimental controlled study.

Purpose: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures, with 289,000 ambulatory procedures performed annually in children <15 years of age, and pain is a major cause of post-tonsillectomy complications. We sought to evaluate the effect of parent participation in postoperative pain management programs on children's post-tonsillectomy pain score and other outcome measures.

Methods: Parent participation in postoperative pain management programs was based on the quality improvement model developed by the Evidence-Based Nursing Center of Fudan University and validated among child urological patients.

The electronic, stability and mechanical properties of the kagome lattice CsTiBiunder pressure: a first-principles study.

The kagome lattices of theTiBifamily have recently garnered significant attention due to their superconducting and topological properties. Here, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the band structure of the prototypical titanium-based kagome lattice material, CsTiBi, using Density Functional Theory. We revealed its topological properties and demonstrated that the Van Hove singularities can be effectively tuned to the Fermi level under 18 GPa.

Maternal serum albumin in the late trimester and birth weight: a cross-sectional study from Jiangxi, China.

Background: The links of maternal serum albumin (ALB) concentration in the late trimester and infant birth weight remain equivocal. Accordingly, we focused on the investigation of the correlation of maternal serum albumin concentration and infant birth weight among women during pregnancy in Jiangxi, China.

Methods: 1214 subjects were recruited for the present cross-sectional study.

Interface Effects on the Electronic and Optical Properties of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-CN)/SnS: First-Principles Studies.

Heterojunctions have received much interest as a way to improve semiconductors' electrical and optical properties. The impact of the interface on the electrical and optical properties of g-CN/SnS was explored using first-principles calculations in this study. The results show that, at the hetero-interface, a conventional type-II band forms, resulting in a lower band gap than that in the g-CN and SnS monolayers.

NtWRKY28 orchestrates flavonoid and lignin biosynthesis to defense aphid attack in tobacco plants.

WRKY transcript factors(TFs) play crucial roles in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, how WRKY TFs response to aphid feeding are still poorly understood. Herein, NtWRKY28, a tobacco WRKY transcript factor gene induced by Myzus persicae feeding, was identified, and its regulatory roles were characterized in response to Myzus persicae feeding.

Fukushima Contaminated Water Risk Factor: Global Implications.

The discharge of Fukushima radioactively contaminated water into the Pacific Ocean started in August 2023, posing comprehensive threats to marine ecosystems and human health globally. This study introduces the Fukushima Contaminated Water Risk Factor (FCWRF), which integrates three components─radionuclide diffusion, bioaccumulation, and global seafood trade─to evaluate the spatiotemporal distribution of risks based on actual discharge practices. Results suggest that comprehensive risks exceeding 2 orders of magnitude beyond the baseline will be transferred to six continents globally.

Rising groundwater table due to restoration projects amplifies earthquake induced liquefaction risk in Beijing.

Groundwater restoration is increasingly common to mitigate groundwater overexploitation, which proves effective in resolving urban water scarcity and regional unsustainable development. China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project is one of the largest water transfer projects to restore groundwater and resolve water shortage in Beijing. However, how the rapidly restored groundwater of this magnitude changes regional seismic stability is largely unknown.

Topological phases, local magnetic moments, and spin polarization triggered by C-line defects in armchair graphene nanoribbons.

The topological and magnetic properties induced by topological defects in graphene have attracted attention. Here, we study a novel topological defect structure for graphene nanoribbons interspersed with C-line defects along the armchair boundary, which possesses topological properties and is tritopic. Using strain engineering to regulate the magnitude of hopping at defects, the position of the energy level can be easily changed to achieve a topological phase transition.

The novel HLA-C*03:652 allele, identified by Sanger dideoxy nucleotide sequencing in a Chinese individual.

HLA-C*03:652 differs from the HLA-C*03:04:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3.

Integrated analysis of the DNA methylome and RNA transcriptome during the development of skeletal muscle in Duroc pigs.

Background: Skeletal muscle development plays a crucial role in yield and quality of pork; however, this process is influenced by various factors. In this study, we employed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and transcriptome sequencing to comprehensively investigate the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM), aiming to identify key genes that impact the growth and development of Duroc pigs with different average daily gains (ADGs).

Results: Eight pigs were selected and divided into two groups based on ADGs: H (774.

Dietary cholesterol intervention could alleviate the intestinal injury of Oreochromis niloticus induced by plant-based diet via the intestinal barriers.

This study aims to explore the effects of supplementing cholesterol in plant-based feed on intestinal barriers (including physical barrier, chemical barrier, immune barrier, biological barrier) of GIFT strain tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared as follows: plant-based protein diet (Con group) containing corn protein powder, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and rapeseed meal, with the addition of cholesterol at a level of 0.6 % (C0.

Effects of V and Gd doping on novel positive colossal electroresistance and quantum transport in PbPdO thin films with (002) preferred orientation.

In this work, PbPdVO and PbPdGdO thin films with (002) preferred orientation were prepared using a pulsed laser deposition technique. The temperature dependence of resistivities () was investigated under various applied DC currents. Colossal electroresistance (CER) effects were found in PbPdVO and PbPdGdO.

Effects of Mn doping on electronic and quantum transport in PbPdO thin films.

PbPdO, a gapless semiconductor, can be transformed into a spin gapless semiconductor structure by magnetic ion doping. This unique band-gap structure serves as the foundation for its distinctive physical properties. In this study, PbPdMnO ( = 0.

A synergetic promotion of surface stability for high-voltage LiCoO by multi-element surface doping: a first-principles study.

The utilization of high-voltage LiCoO is an effective approach to break through the bottleneck of practical energy density in lithium ion batteries. However, the structural and interfacial degradations at the deeply delithiated state as well as the associated safety concerns impede the application of high-voltage LiCoO. Herein, we present a synergetic strategy for promoting the surface stability of LiCoO at high voltage by Ti-Mg-Al co-doping and systematically study the effects of the dopants on the surface stability, electronic structure and Li diffusion properties of the LiCoO (104) surface using first-principles calculations.

The interfacial properties of 2D metal-monolayer blue phosphorene heterojunctions and transport properties of their field-effect transistors.

Monolayer blue phosphorene (BlueP) has attracted much interest as a potential channel material in electronic devices. Searching for suitable two-dimensional (2D) metal materials to use as electrodes is critical to fabricating high-performance nanoscale channel BlueP-based field effect transistors (FETs). In this paper, we adopted first-principles calculations to explore binding energies, phonon calculations and electronic structures of 2D metal-BlueP heterojunctions, including TiC-, NbTe-, Ga(110)- and NbS-BlueP, and thermal stability of TiC-BlueP heterojunction at room temperature.

Assessment of potential ecological risk based on the vertical characteristics of potential toxic elements in sediments from a high-density cage culture reservoir in China.

The pollution of sediments around Lu Ban Island is a serious environmental issue that is threatening human health. The concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn at 73 layer points were investigated, vertical distribution characteristics, correlation among potential toxic elements and potential ecological risks of sediments at different depth were analyzed. The following results were obtained, (1) the hypothesis that there was a linear relationship between concentration of potential toxic elements and the reciprocal of deep was reasonable.

A first-principles study of bilayered black phosphorene as a potential anode material for sodium-ion batteries.

Black phosphorene has attracted widespread attention because of its great potential as a high-performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, almost all theoretical studies on sodium (Na) atom adsorption and diffusion in it have not taken temperature into account. Actually, the structural stability of an anode material at room temperature is vital in practical applications.