Role of Immunity and Inflammation in Sarcopenic Obesity.

The global aging population brings about various age-related clinical concerns, including sarcopenic obesity (SO), which poses a significant health risk for older individuals. SO is characterized by the coexistence of two phenotypes, namely, sarcopenia and obesity, and its pathogenesis is multifaceted. Current research indicates that both reduced muscle mass and excessive fat accumulation are associated with chronic low-grade inflammatory conditions.

Penta-AgN Monolayer: Flat Bands Driving Magnetic and Topological Transitions from Real Chern Insulator to Double-Weyl Metal.

Inspired by the rich physics of honeycomb-kagome (HK) lattices and flat-band magnetism, we predict a stable two-dimensional (2D) penta-AgN monolayer through comprehensive tight-binding (TB) model analysis and first-principles calculations. This novel material integrates pentagonal AgN building blocks into an effective HK superstructure, exhibiting a unique planar hexagonal geometry with hypercoordinated Ag atoms. We demonstrate that penta-AgN is intrinsically a bipolar magnetic semiconductor (BMS) and, more notably, a magnetic real Chern insulator (MRCI) protected by symmetry, featuring spin-polarized flat bands near the Fermi level, intrinsic in-plane ferromagnetic ordering, and observable corner states.

Determinants of Moral Courage Including the Role of Workplace Conditions, Grief Support, and Salary Among Surgical Nurses in Jiaxing Tertiary Class A Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate moral courage among surgical nurses and examine its association with factors such as decent work and professional grief support, to inform nursing management strategies for enhancing moral courage.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included convenience sample of 431 surgical nurses from municipal tertiary Class A hospitals, with 406 valid responses generated after exclusions. Data on demographics (gender, age) and professional characteristics (years of experience, marital status, child-bearing status, education level, professional title, administrative role, employment type, monthly income, and frequency of night shifts) was collected.

Sliding Ferroelectrics Induced Hybrid-Order Topological Phase Transitions.

We propose ferroelectric layer sliding as a new approach to realize and manipulate topological quantum states in two-dimensional (2D) bilayer magnetic van der Waals materials. We show that stacking monolayer ferromagnetic topological states into layer-spin-locked bilayer antiferromagnetic structures, and introducing sliding ferroelectricity leads to asynchronous topological evolution of different layers (spins) owing to the existence of polarization potentials, thereby giving rise to rich layer-resolved topological phases. As a specific example, by means of a lattice model, we show that a bilayer magnetic 2D second order topological insulator (SOTI) reveals an unrecognized spin-hybrid-order topological insulator after undergoing ferroelectric sliding.

Reversible dilated cardiomyopathy caused by primary hyperparathyroidism: A case report.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cause of systolic heart failure, and is the most prevalent type of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by hypercalcemia and excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Generally, PHPT is asymptomatic and is incidentally identified during routine laboratory assessments.

mutation in a pedigree with familial dilated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most prevalent inherited myocardial disorders and is characterized by considerable genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. A subset of patients with HCM progress to a dilated phase of HCM (DPHCM), which is associated with a poor prognosis; however, the underlying pathogenesis remains inadequately understood.

Case Summary: In this study, we present a case involving a pedigree with familial DPHCM and conduct a retrospective review of patients with DPHCM with identified gene mutations.

represses anterior digit development in tetrapods.

Pentadactyl limbs represent a conserved morphological feature among tetrapods, with anterior digits considered more important than posterior digits for refined movement. While posterior digit formation is governed by graded expression of the and 5' genes, the regulatory mechanisms underlying anterior digit development, especially digit I (DI), remain poorly defined. This study identified an anterior expression pattern of in the limb buds of representative tetrapods, including humans, which exerted an inhibitory effect on skeletal development.

Gastric bronchogenic cyst mimicking adrenal Phaeochromocytoma: a case report.

Background: Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) are rare foregut-derived cystic malformations that can develop within the respiratory tract. While they are commonly found in the mediastinum or lungs, their occurrence at ectopic sites, such as the stomach, is extremely rare. This case report highlights the challenges in diagnosing a gastric bronchogenic cyst and the potential for misdiagnosis a pheochromocytoma, especially when associated with hypertension.

Respiratory microbiota diversity as a predictive biomarker for the efficacy of PD‑1 blockades in patients with advanced non‑small cell lung cancer: A retrospective exploratory study.

Despite advancements in immunotherapy, particularly regarding programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 blockades, the clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain variable with limited predictive biomarkers currently available. The present study investigated respiratory microbiota diversity as a potential biomarker to predict the efficacy of PD-1 blockades in patients with advanced NSCLC. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients treated with PD-1 blockades from May 2019 to May 2023.

ENTPD8 overexpression enhances anti-PD-L1 therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-214-5p inhibition.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and limited treatment options. In this study, we evaluated the expression of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8 (ENTPD8) in HCC tissues and its clinical significance. Immunohistochemistry, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, and single-cell expression analysis revealed reduced ENTPD8 levels in liver cancer compared to adjacent tissues, with ENTPD8 primarily expressed in tumor cells within the tumor tissue.

Semaglutide ameliorates metabolic disorders in offspring via regulation of oocyte ROS of pre-pregnancy obesity mice.

Pre-pregnancy obesity (PPO) seriously threatens the health of both mother and offspring. Pre-pregnancy weight management is particularly important for the prevention of metabolic diseases in offspring. Semaglutide is one of the most effective glucagon-like peptide-1 agonizts for the management of obesity and metabolic diseases, but little is known about its effect on the long-term health of offspring.

Binding of small molecules at the P-stalk site of ricin A subunit trigger conformational changes that extend into the active site.

Ricin is a category B agent for bioterrorism, and Shiga toxins are the primary virulence factors of Shiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli. Ricin and Stxs bind the ribosomal P-stalk proteins to depurinate the sarcin/ricin loop on the eukaryotic ribosome and inhibit translation. Both toxins are prime targets for therapeutic intervention because no effective therapy exists for ricin intoxication or Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli infection.

Pathogenic genes and clinical prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy. It is one of the chief causes of sudden cardiac death in younger people and athletes. Molecular-genetic studies have confirmed that the vast majority of HCM is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomere proteins.

Effects of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and left ventricular hypertrophy on cognitive function in hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: To examine the effects of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on the cognitive function of hemodialysis (HD) patients, and to explore the relationship between hs-CRP, LVH, and cognitive impairment (CI).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 232 HD patients. Besides, general clinical data were gathered, and patients' cognitive functions were assessed using the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BJ).

Heterozygous inversion on chromosome 17 involving PAFAH1B1 detected by whole genome sequencing in a patient suffering from pachygyria.

Lissencephaly (LIS) is a subtype of malformations of cortical development (MCD), characterized by smooth brain surfaces and underdeveloped gyri and sulci. This study investigates the genetic cause of pachygyria in a Chinese male infant diagnosed with the condition, who previously showed no causative variant through trio whole exome sequencing (Trio-WES) and copy number variation sequencing (CNVseq). Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted, revealing a novel heterozygous inversion spanning 1.

Outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation versus intensive chemotherapy in patients with myeloid sarcoma: a nationwide representative multicenter study.

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare hematological neoplasm with poor prognosis, posing a significant clinical challenge due to the absence of effective and standardized treatments. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 162 MS patients treated at 12 centers to compare outcomes between intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Our analysis revealed that allo-HSCT demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) within the initial 36 months compared to intensive chemotherapy alone (p = 0.

Cornertronics in Two-Dimensional Second-Order Topological Insulators.

Traditional electronic devices rely on the electron's intrinsic degrees of freedom (d.o.f.

Intercalating Architecture for the Design of Charge Density Wave in Metallic MAZ Materials.

We present a novel approach to induce charge density waves (CDWs) in metallic MAZ materials, resembling the behavior observed in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). This method leverages the intercalating architecture to maintain the same crystal field and Fermi surface topologies. Our investigation reveals that CDW instability in these materials arises from electron-phonon coupling (EPC) between the band and longitudinal acoustic (LA) phonons, mirroring TMDC's behavior.

Fragment Screening to Identify Inhibitors Targeting Ribosome Binding of Shiga Toxin 2.

Shiga toxins are the main virulence factors of Shiga toxin producing (STEC) and . There is no effective therapy to counter the disease caused by these toxins. The A1 subunits of Shiga toxins bind the C-termini of ribosomal P-stalk proteins to depurinate the sarcin/ricin loop.

A fluorescence anisotropy-based competition assay to identify inhibitors against ricin and Shiga toxin ribosome interactions.

Ricin is one of the most toxic substances known and a type B biothreat agent. Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by E. coli (STEC) and Shigella dysenteriae are foodborne pathogens.

A simple and effective method to enrich endogenous DNA from mammalian faeces.

Utilization of faeces has long been a popular approach for genetic and ecological studies of wildlife. However, the success of molecular marker genotyping and genome resequencing is often unpredictable due to insufficient enrichment of endogenous DNA in the total faecal DNA that is dominated by bacterial DNA. Here, we report a simple and cheap method named PEERS to predominantly lyse animal cells over bacteria by using sodium dodecyl sulphate so as to discharge endogenous DNA into liquid phase before bacterial DNA.

Structure-based design and optimization of a new class of small molecule inhibitors targeting the P-stalk binding pocket of ricin.

Ricin, a category-B agent for bioterrorism, and Shiga toxins (Stxs), which cause food poisoning bind to the ribosomal P-stalk to depurinate the sarcin/ricin loop. No effective therapy exists for ricin or Stx intoxication. Ribosome binding sites of the toxins have not been targeted by small molecules.

Symmetry-selective quasiparticle scattering and electric field tunability of the ZrSiS surface electronic structure.

Three-dimensional Dirac semimetals with square-net non-symmorphic symmetry, such as ternary ZrXY (X = Si, Ge; Y = S, Se, Te) compounds, have attracted significant attention owing to the presence of topological nodal lines, loops, or networks in their bulk. Orbital symmetry plays a profound role in such materials as the different branches of the nodal dispersion can be distinguished by their distinct orbital symmetry eigenvalues. The presence of different eigenvalues suggests that scattering between states of different orbital symmetry may be strongly suppressed.