Stretchable Photonic Crystal-Enhanced ECL for Sweat Neurotransmitter Detection.

Depression is linked to dysregulated neurotransmitter levels, making efficient and facile monitoring crucial for early diagnosis and improved treatment outcomes. However, rigid electrodes or unstable luminescence on flexible substrates have limited the adoption of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in flexible health-monitoring platforms. Herein, we introduce a stretchable conductive photonic-crystal hydrogel (PCH) as an ECL electrode for sweat-based neurotransmitter detection.

Penta-AgN Monolayer: Flat Bands Driving Magnetic and Topological Transitions from Real Chern Insulator to Double-Weyl Metal.

Inspired by the rich physics of honeycomb-kagome (HK) lattices and flat-band magnetism, we predict a stable two-dimensional (2D) penta-AgN monolayer through comprehensive tight-binding (TB) model analysis and first-principles calculations. This novel material integrates pentagonal AgN building blocks into an effective HK superstructure, exhibiting a unique planar hexagonal geometry with hypercoordinated Ag atoms. We demonstrate that penta-AgN is intrinsically a bipolar magnetic semiconductor (BMS) and, more notably, a magnetic real Chern insulator (MRCI) protected by symmetry, featuring spin-polarized flat bands near the Fermi level, intrinsic in-plane ferromagnetic ordering, and observable corner states.

An Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Phototransistor with Gate-Tunable Response and Broad-Spectrum Detection for Pulse Oximetry.

High-performance, broad-spectrum detection spanning the visible to the near-infrared region is critical for applications such as image sensing, optical communications, and health monitoring. Although inorganic/organic hybrid phototransistors (HPTs) have been explored for such applications, a universal design strategy for material combinations and a thorough understanding of the gate-modulated photocurrent generation mechanism in these HPTs are still required. In this work, we demonstrate an inorganic/organic HPT by integrating a high-mobility, solution-processed amorphous metal oxide semiconductor with a photosensitive organic bulk heterojunction.

Tunable Interlayer-Spacing Graphene Oxide Membrane: Efficient Osmotic Energy Conversion Toward Metal Recovery.

2D material membranes show promise in osmotic energy (OE) conversion and separation technologies. However, low ion flux and swelling limit their applications. Herein, a polydopamine-crosslinked graphene oxide membrane (PDA@GO) with tunable interlayer spacing is developed to address these challenges.

Mechanically Tunable Composite Hydrogel for Multi-Gesture Motion Monitoring.

Intrinsic conductive ionic hydrogels, endowed with excellent mechanical properties, hold significant promise for applications in wearable and implantable electronics. However, the complexity of exercise and athletics calls for mechanical tunability, facile processability and high conductivity of wearable sensors, which remains a persistent challenge. In this study, we developed a mechanically tunable and high ionic conductive hydrogel patch to approach multi-gesture or motion monitoring.

The limit of droplet rebound angle.

Regulating the motion state of droplets after impacting on solid surfaces is crucial in many fields including self-cleaning, energy harvesting, and microfluidics. The rebound angle of the droplet is a key factor in determining its motion state. However, up until now, the limit of droplet rebound angle remains unidentified.

Polymer/Hydrogel Integrated Solid-State Nanochannel Composite Membranes.

Conventional membrane materials are often limited by their intrinsic shortcomings, including single-functionality, poor environmental adaptability, and insufficient mechanical stability. In recent years, the integration of polymers/hydrogels with solid-state nanochannels (P/H@SSNC) has emerged as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations. Through dynamic pore size regulation, multifunctional interface engineering, and bioinspired design, this approach enables precise ion and molecular manipulation under complex environmental conditions.

Development of a nonreplicative phage-based DNA delivery system and its application to antimicrobial therapies.

Phage therapy has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional antimicrobial therapy for antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections, but concerns about uncontrolled phage proliferation have limited its use. To address this issue, we established a nonproliferative phage-based DNA delivery system, called bacteria-targeting capsid particle (B-CAP), for the development of antimicrobial agents which effectively prevented phage spread while maintaining bactericidal activity. B-CAP is principally a T7 phage capsids packaged with a partial T7 phage genome, giving it the allowance to accommodate large foreign DNA up to 18 kb in length.

Breaking the Sensitivity-Specificity Trade-Off: A Nanoconfined Dual-DNA Aptamer Synergy Strategy.

With the rising prevalence of vascular diseases, ultrasensitive and highly specific related protein monitoring has become crucial. However, traditional single-aptamer biosensors struggle to achieve an optimal balance between sensitivity and specificity, limiting their effectiveness in complex biosystems. Herein, we propose a dual-DNA aptamer synergy strategy with nanoconfined effect to overcome these challenges.

Hofmeister Effect in Flexible Devices.

The Hofmeister effect has attracted considerable attention for its unique ability to modulate elasticity in flexible devices. Unlike traditional approaches that often involve complex procedures and yield unstable outcomes, the Hofmeister effect enables efficient and controllable elasticity tuning through specific ion-material surface interactions. This mechanism allows precise regulation of surface wettability, thereby facilitating dynamic adjustment of elastic properties.

Prophylactic cerebral irradiation sensitizes relapsed sensitive small cell lung cancer to temozolomide: A retrospective cohort study.

Prophylactic cerebral irradiation (PCI) reduces the rate of brain metastasis and improves the prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), but little is known about the effect of PCI on second-line chemotherapy in patients with relapsed sensitive SCLC. This retrospective cohort study included a total of 164 patients with relapsed sensitive SCLC, 20 of whom were administered temozolomide (TMZ). Categorical clinical variables were compared between subgroups with the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, continuous clinical variables were compared with the t-test or one-way ANOVA, and the impact on overall survival (OS) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test.

Effect of carbon chain length of cationic surfactants on regulating droplet behavior on peanut leaves.

Background: Droplet rebound on superhydrophobic leaves during pesticide application significantly increases pesticide waste and decreases application efficiency. An appropriate surfactant is crucial for suppressing droplet rebound and enhancing wetting and spreading on leaf surfaces.

Results: The rebound, wetting and spreading behaviors of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) series of surfactants with varying different carbon chain lengths (n = 6-16) were evaluated on peanut leaves.

Sub-femtomolar drug monitoring via co-calibration mechanism with nanoconfined DNA probes.

Synthetic drugs fundamentally reshape the illicit drug market due to their low cost, ease of production, and rapid manufacturing processes. However, current drug detection methods, which rely on complex instruments, have limited applicability and often neglect the influence of pH fluctuations, leading to potential bias and unreliable results. Herein, we propose co-calibration DNA probes on a nanoconfined biosensor (NB), covering the range of sweat pH 3-8 to achieve significantly enhanced target signal recognition.

Au-In Alloy for Excellent Ohmic Contact in GeSe Devices with Enhanced Photodetector Properties.

Metal-semiconductor contact plays a significant role in devices such as transistors, photoemitters, and photodetectors. Here, the AuIn alloy contact gives a state-of-the-art low (contact resistance) in GeSe devices. The of GeSe-AuIn is measured to be 25 kΩ μm under channel carrier concentration around = 2.

Nano-Zinc Sulfide Modified 3D Reconstructed Zinc Anode with Induced Deposition Effect Assists Long-Cycle Stable Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery.

Aqueous zinc ion batteries are often adversely affected by the poor stability of zinc metal anodes. Persistent water-induced side reactions and uncontrolled dendrite growth have seriously damaged the long-term service life of aqueous zinc ion batteries. In this paper, it is reported that a zinc sulfide with optimized electron arrangement on the surface of zinc anode is used to modify the zinc anode to achieve long-term cycle stability of zinc anode.

Derivation and validation of a prediction model for inadequate bowel preparation in Chinese outpatients.

The quality of bowel preparation is an important factor in the success of colonoscopy. However, multiple influencing factors that function together can lead to inadequate bowel preparation. The main objective of this study was to explore the specific factors that affect the quality of bowel preparation, with the goal of deriving and validating a predictive model for inadequate bowel preparation in Chinese outpatients.

The ZnO-SiO Composite Phase with Dual Regulation Function Enables Uniform Zn Flux and Fast Zinc Deposition Kinetics Toward Zinc Metal Batteries.

As an important candidate for rechargeable energy storage devices, the large-scale development of aqueous zinc ion batteries has been hindered by hydrogen evolution and uncontrollable dendrites of metal anodes. A novel ZnO-SiO composite interface phase (Zn@ZSCP) with a double protective effect based on in situ synthesis by hydrothermal method is used to improve these difficulties. The hydrophilic SiO layer is beneficial to the dissolution of hydrated zinc ions and reduces the nucleation barrier during zinc deposition, while the stable ZnO layer helps to adjust the electric field distribution on the surface of the metal anode to further induce uniform zinc nucleation.

Effects of root-irrigation with metalaxyl-M and hymexazol on soil physical and chemical properties, enzyme activity, and the fungal diversity, community structure and function.

Fungicides are commonly applied through root irrigation in tobacco fields to control soil-borne diseases, and they affect soil microorganisms. However, the effects of metalaxyl-M and hymexazol, used to manage tobacco black shank disease, on these soil microecology remain poorly understood. This study employed high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activity, and the diversity, community structure and function of soil fungi in tobacco fields following root irrigation with metalaxyl-M and hymexazol.

Additive-Driven Enhancement of Crystallization: Strategies and Prospects for Boosting Photoluminescence Quantum Yields in Halide Perovskite Films for Light-Emitting Diodes.

Halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) hold great potential for applications in displays and lighting. To enhance the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of PeLEDs, it is crucial to boost the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the perovskite films. The use of additives has emerged as a powerful chemical strategy to control the crystallization process in solution-processed perovskite films.

Study on the adsorption of phosphate by composite biochar of phosphogypsum and rape straw.

Wastewater containing phosphorus is often added by industrial activities, which is bad for the environment. In this study, composite biochar (PG-RS700) was prepared from phosphogypsum (PG) and rape straw (RS) for the treatment of phosphate in wastewater. SEM, FTIR, XRD and XPS characterization results showed that PG and RS were successfully combined.

Anchoring Frustrated Lewis Pair Active Sites on Copper Nanoclusters for Regioselective Hydrogenation.

In recent years, the concept of Frustrated Lewis Pairs (FLPs), which consist of a combination of Lewis acid (LA) and Lewis base (LB) active sites arranged in a suitable geometric configuration, has been widely utilized in homogeneous catalytic reactions. This concept has also been extended to solid supports such as zeolites, metal oxide surfaces, and metal/covalent organic frameworks, resulting in a diverse range of heterogeneous FLP catalysts that have demonstrated notable efficiency and recyclability in activating small molecules. This study presents the successful immobilization of FLP active sites onto the surface of ligand-stabilized copper nanoclusters with atomic precision, leading to the development of copper nanocluster FLP catalysts characterized by high reactivity, stability, and selectivity.

Redox-Responsive Nanopesticides Based on Natural Polymers for Environmentally Safe Delivery of Pesticides with Enhanced Foliar Dispersion and Washout Resistance.

Based on the modified cross-linking of the degradable natural polymers chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and gelatin (GEL) via introduction of a functional bridge 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid, this study constructed an environmentally responsive dinotefuran (DNF) delivery system (DNF@COS-SS-GEL). The introduction of the disulfide bond (-S-S-) endowed DNF@COS-SS-GEL with redox-responsive properties, allowing for the rapid release of pesticides when stimulated by glutathione (GSH) in the simulated insect. Compared with commercial DNF suspension concentrate (DNF-SC), DNF@COS-SS-GEL showed superior wet spreading and retention performance on cabbage leaves with a reduced contact angle (57°) at 180 s and 4-fold increased retention capacity after rainfall washout.