Maximizing Efficacy of Cancer Nanovaccines and Immune Cells Landscape in Responders and Non-Responders to Immunotherapy.

Adjuvants, formulations, and processing of tumor antigens (collection, lysis, purification, and oxidation) can affect the therapeutic efficacy of cancer vaccines. To maximize their efficacy, adjuvants and their combinations are investigated to prepare vaccines with whole tumor antigens. By comparing different nano/micro-vaccines, ≤ 400 nm and 2.

Proteins from Stressed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Repair Hair Follicles and Promote Hair Regeneration.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent type of hair loss in the clinic. Corticosteroids are the most widely used agents for hair loss treatment. However, the long-term use of hormonal drugs is associated with various side effects.

GSH-activable and cytolytic iPep-coupled immune nanoagonist for cancer synergetic therapy.

Integrating an oncotic immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducer with TLR agonists to facilitate chemo-immunotherapy presents a promising avenue for addressing cancer treatment. While each agent shown remarkable potential in eliciting immune responses individually, the synergistic capabilities of oncotic chemotherapeutics in combination with TLR agonists remain an uncharted area of research. Herein, to prevent the occurrence of off-target systemic inflammatory side effects associated with the TLR7/8 agonist, the reactive amino group of Resiquimod (R848) was covalently linked to human serum albumin (HSA) via a glutathione (GSH)-activatable linker, thereby establishing a series of R848-HSA conjugates.

Dynamic multimodal information encryption combining programmable structural coloration and switchable circularly polarized luminescence.

Multimodal optical-materials are highly desirable due to their advantages in enhancing information security, though independent modulation is challenging, especially accurately controlling the orthogonal relationship between the structural coloration (SC) and fluorescence (FL) pattern. Herein, we report a strategy which combines programmable structural coloration and switchable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) for multimodal information encryption. Using photomask with aligned grating, programmable periodic patterns are fabricated on a polydiacetylene (PDA) gel film, which produces image in tunable structural colors.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Melittin-Modified Peptides for Antibacterial Activity.

Melittin, a naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide, demonstrates broad-spectrum activity, effectively suppressing and eliminating both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including specific drug-resistant strains. In this study, molecular simulation software was employed to investigate and modify the structure of melittin with the aim of synthesizing a modified peptide exhibiting enhanced antibacterial potency and assessing its bacteriostatic and antibacterial properties. The primary research objectives were as follows: 1.

Derivation and validation of a prediction model for inadequate bowel preparation in Chinese outpatients.

The quality of bowel preparation is an important factor in the success of colonoscopy. However, multiple influencing factors that function together can lead to inadequate bowel preparation. The main objective of this study was to explore the specific factors that affect the quality of bowel preparation, with the goal of deriving and validating a predictive model for inadequate bowel preparation in Chinese outpatients.

Amplifying and Reversing the Chiral Bias in Asymmetric Photo-Polymerization Reaction.

Circularly polarized light (CPL) is inherently chiral and is regarded as one possible source for the origin of homochirality. Coincidentally, chiral metal nanoparticles have great prospects in asymmetric photochemical reactions since they can enhance the chiral light-matter interactions. Nonetheless, little is known about how the spin angular momentum of light competes with the chiral electromagnetic field in the vicinity of a chiral nanoparticle during the chiral induction and amplification process.

Yunpi Rougan Prescription in Treating Constipation-Predominant IBS: Clinical Observation and Gut Microbiota Effects.

Background: Constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) is a chronic functional intestinal disease that can significantly reduce patients' quality of life.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the clinical effect and mechanism of YunPi RouGan (YPRG) prescription on IBS-C patients with liver-depression and spleen-deficiency syndrome.

Methods: 42 IBS-C patients receiving treatment at Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from May 2022 to March 2023 were recruited and randomly assigned to either the treatment or control group, with 21 patients in each group.

A Photoactivatable Self-Assembled Nanoagonist for Synergistic Therapy against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the cancer treatment paradigm, yet efficient immunotherapeutic responses against immune-cold/desert cancers remain challenging. Herein, we report that photoactivatable nanoagonists yield a potent antitumor synergy of photoimmunotherapy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The nanoagonist was fabricated by assembling an amphiphilic boron dipyrromethene-derived polymer conjugated with a Toll-like receptor agonist via a photocleavable linker and stimulator of interferon genes agonist.

Research Progress on Structure-Activity Relationship of 1,8-Naphthalimide DNA Chimeras Against Tumor.

The development of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives as cell probes, DNA targeting agents, and anti-tumor drugs is one of the research hotspots in the field of medicine. Naphthalimide compounds are a kind of DNA embedder, which can change the topological structure of DNA by embedding in the middle of DNA base pairs, and then affect the recognition and action of topoisomerase on DNA. Aminofide and mitonafide are the first 2 drugs to undergo clinical trials.

On the Optimal Error Exponent of Type-Based Distributed Hypothesis Testing.

Distributed hypothesis testing (DHT) has emerged as a significant research area, but the information-theoretic optimality of coding strategies is often typically hard to address. This paper studies the DHT problems under the type-based setting, which is requested from the popular federated learning methods. Specifically, two communication models are considered: (i) DHT problem over noiseless channels, where each node observes i.

Prevalence and genetic characterization of from clinical poultry cases in China.

is a major cause of campylobacteriosis worldwide, and poultry is the main reservoir for its transmission. was generally considered to be a harmless commensal organism in poultry without pathogenic properties. However, it was proposed that a -like organism may be the cause of vibrionic hepatitis, which poses a significant public health risk.

Probiotics formulation and cancer nanovaccines show synergistic effect in immunotherapy and prevention of colon cancer.

Probiotics play essential roles in immune modulation. Combining probiotics with cancer vaccines potentially can achieve a synergistic effect. To maximize the efficacy of probiotics, proper probiotics formulation is necessary.

Application of metabolomics in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a systematic review.

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a severe idiopathic disorder of bile metabolism; however, the etiology and pathogenesis of ICP remain unclear.

Aims: This study comprehensively reviewed metabolomics studies related to ICP, to help in identifying the pathophysiological changes of ICP and evaluating the potential application of metabolomics in its diagnosis.

Methods: Relevant articles were searched through 2 online databases (PubMed and Web of Science) from January 2000 to March 2022.

Mechanism of vitamin B6 benzoyl hydrazone platinum(II) complexes overcomes multidrug resistance in lung cancer.

To overcome the resistance of tumour cells to cis-diaminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin, DDP), we designed and synthesised platinum(II) complexes with copper coordination active sites using vitamin B6 and benzohydrazide derivatives as raw materials.The 3D structures of the complexes were confirmed by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The results of the biological activity assay showed that the Pt(II) complexes (VB6-Pt1 and VB6-Pt2) have higher anti-tumour activity on detected typical lung cancer cells than DDP.

An Information Theoretic Interpretation to Deep Neural Networks.

With the unprecedented performance achieved by deep learning, it is commonly believed that deep neural networks (DNNs) attempt to extract informative features for learning tasks. To formalize this intuition, we apply the local information geometric analysis and establish an information-theoretic framework for feature selection, which demonstrates the information-theoretic optimality of DNN features. Moreover, we conduct a quantitative analysis to characterize the impact of network structure on the feature extraction process of DNNs.

Assessment of Acute Pancreatitis Severity and Prognosis with CT-Measured Body Composition.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of muscle and adipose parameters with the severity and prognosis of patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis (AP).

Methods: A total of 392 hospitalized patients and 309 controls were enrolled in the study analysis from April 1, 2016, to February 1, 2021. The computed tomography scans of each population were evaluated for muscle and adipose parameters.

Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve chronic pancreatitis in rats via the AKT-mTOR-S6K1 signaling pathway.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disease. In clinical treatment, many patients cannot get a timely diagnosis and effective treatment due to the lack of early diagnosis indicators. Mesenchymal stem cells have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, and have broad application prospects in treating auto-immune diseases and inflammatory diseases.

STRAP as a New Therapeutic Target for Poor Prognosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients Mainly Caused by Mutation.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. , , , and are driver genes of PDAC and 30-75% patients have mutations in at least two of these four genes. Herein, we analyzed the relationship between these genes and prognosis of 762 patients in the absence of coexisting mutations, using data from three independent public datasets.

Correction to: Identification of a competing endogenous RNA network associated with prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01243-6.].

Development and validation of a risk score for predicting mortality after resection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC) has a poor prognosis and high short-term mortality rate, even after resection. Thus, early diagnosis in PHCC cases can help improve quality of life via personalized management strategies.

Results: The risk score system (RSS) were classified as low risk (<5 points), medium risk (5-10 points), or high risk (>10 points).

Identification of a competing endogenous RNA network associated with prognosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that competing endogenous RNAs plays a crucial role in the development and progress of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). The objective was to identify a new lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network as prognostic markers, and develop and validate a multi-mRNAs-based classifier for predicting overall survival (OS) in PAAD.

Methods: Data on pancreatic RNA expression and clinical information of 445 PAAD patients and 328 normal subjects were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx).

Association between proteinuria and maternal and neonatal outcomes in pre-eclampsia pregnancy: a retrospective observational study.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between proteinuria and maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients beyond 20 weeks of gestation diagnosed with pre-eclampsia, who were admitted to Suzhou Municipal Hospital between December 2013 and December 2015. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from clinical records, including age, body mass index, newborn weight and Apgar score.

Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate dibutyltin dichloride‑induced chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) play a positive role in tissue injury repair and regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine whether ASCs could ameliorate chronic pancreatitis (CP) induced by the injection of dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) and to elucidate its potential mechanisms. Furthermore, this study also explored whether there was a significant difference if the ASCs were injected via the inferior vena cava or the left gastric artery.

DPP4 Inhibitor Attenuates Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Intestinal Inflammation via Nrf2 Signaling.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a challenging disease with high morbidity and mortality, often complicated by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The intestine, a major organ involved in MODS, correlates strongly with the evolution of the disease. In this study, we demonstrated that the DPP4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, protects SAP-associated intestinal injury both in vitro and in vivo.