Nanoplastics reshape lipid metabolism in marine microalgae with potential ecological consequence.

Nanoplastics (NPs) in marine ecosystems have garnered increasing attention for their interference with the physiological processes of aquatic organisms. An in-depth examination of the toxicological responses of Nannochloropsis oceanica, a species vital to marine ecosystems, is essential due to the crucial role of lipid metabolism in carbon sequestration and energy allocation in microalgae. This study analyzed the toxicological responses of N.

Synergistic t-to-π* Electron Transfer and Nanotube Engineering in Spinal Catalysts for Ultra-Efficient Chloride Evolution.

Facing the massive energy consumption of over 200 TWh y of chlor-alkali industry, developing high-activity and durable non-precious CER (chlorine evolution reaction) catalysts is urgently needed to address the high overpotentials and suppress the dissolution high-valance metal species. Herein, a carbon quantum dots functionalized trimetallic Fe/Co/Ni spinel oxide nanotube architecture (FCNO@CQDs) is constructed, featuring t-to-π* π-backbonding for dramatically enhanced CER activity and stability. The reverse electron flow from Co d-obritals to the vacant CQDs' π* orbitals can upshift the d-band center for enhanced intermediate adsorption, while stabilizing high-valent Co centers via increased bond order.

Study on toughening polylactic acid/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) with a curing network based on dynamically crosslinked epoxidized soybean oil.

A dynamically crosslinked network VEC (vulcanized ESO and CA) was synthesized in situ via zinc acetate-catalyzed epoxy ring-opening between epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) and anhydrous citric acid (CA), then incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA)/polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) blends to enhance interfacial compatibility. The dynamic ester-exchange network acted as an intermediate phase, improving the integration of the flexible PBAT phase within the rigid PLA matrix. VEC content critically influenced mechanical properties, with in-situ crosslinking during dynamic vulcanization enhancing chain interactions and blend homogeneity.

Positively Charged Polyurethane Scaffolds Reshape the Microenvironment to Promote Endogenous Regeneration after Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces a prolonged inflammatory response throughout the damaged brain, which is exacerbated by the sustained accumulation of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and consequently impairs endogenous neural regeneration significantly. To mitigate postinjury inflammation and explore the role of positively charged scaffolds in brain repair, two distinct structures of positively charged scaffolds were developed. Both scaffold types effectively reduce inflammation and promote brain tissue repair by eliminating DAMPs, markedly reducing glial scar formation, and promoting angiogenesis in peritrauma areas within 4 weeks of implantation.

Atomically Asymmetrical Ruthenium-Oxygen-Cobalt Sites Accelerate Oxygen Redox and Suppress Side Reactions for Stable Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Development of aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries suffers from slow cathode reaction kinetics, numerous side reactions, and large polarization, which are intimately related to the discharge product of LiO. Here, we designed and prepared a modified CoO nanoparticle with atomic Ru substitution at octahedral Co sites supported by carbon nanocages (RuCoO@HCNs) as a cathode catalyst. The asymmetrical octahedral Ru-O-Co units trigger a strong electron coupling effect, leading to charge redistribution and optimization of the d-orbital energy levels, thus facilitating oxygen activation and conversion into superoxide anions during discharging.

Single-Electrode High-Throughput Dual-Color Electrochemiluminescence Array Biosensor: Portable Parallel Screening of Marine Pathogens.

To achieve high-throughput rapid monitoring of marine pathogens, this study developed an innovative single-electrode electrochemiluminescence (SEE) array biosensing imaging platform. For the first time, the highly luminous RuSiO-Au and Lu@MIL-NH with a strong nanoconfinement effect were integrated onto a single 10-well microelectrode array. By taking advantage of the extremely strong ECL signals, red-blue dual-color ECL imaging detection of and was achieved, which can be clearly distinguished by the naked eye on mobile phones.

Ion-Mediated Self-Healing Strategy Enabling Efficient and Stable ETL-Free Perovskite Solar Cells.

Perovskite solar cells without electron transport layers (ETL-free PSCs) have garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their simplified fabrication process and low production costs. However, non-radiative recombination of charge carriers and band energy mismatch at the interface significantly limit device performance. Here, we propose an ion-mediated self-healing strategy introducing an indium sulfate (ln(SO)) functional layer at the buried interface of the perovskite.

ATP-accelerated DNA hexahedron nanoreactors: Spatially confined DNAzyme-CHA cascaded amplification for ultrasensitive live-cell imaging of miR-21.

Conventional enzyme-free amplification systems face inherent limitations, such as slow reaction rates and diffusional barriers, that compromise detection sensitivity. We overcome this by leveraging endogenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a biomolecular accelerator in a DNA hexahedron (DH)-engineered DNAzyme-CHA cascade system (DDC) for ultrasensitive and rapid miRNA detection. Specifically, ATP serves as a molecular glue that drives the assembly of DH units into branched polymers, thereby spatially concentrating amplification components.

Mixed metal metal-organic framework synergized with functional liposomes boosts bipolar-driven organic photoelectrochemical transistor for highly sensitive biodetection.

Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) has emerged as a promising platform for investigating photoactive biomolecular interactions and advancing bioanalytical detection systems. However, many important challenges and hurdles remain implementing high gating effects and sensitive biosensing detection caused by the inherent limitations of the configuration of the photoelectrode structures and innovative biosensing. Inspired by the self-powered photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems and liposomes-assisted bioanalysis for signal amplification, a bipolar-driven poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) OPECT based on CdS/Mixed Metal Metal-Organic Framework (MM-MOF) photoanode and a poly(1,4-diethynylbenzene) (pDEB) cathode is proposed, and exhibits a considerable current gain of ca.

Microplastics and soil microbiomes.

Microplastics, small particles that are released from plastics as they degrade, are ubiquitous and increasing in amount in most environments, including the soil. Here, we review the impacts of microplastics on the structure and activity of soil microbiomes and their key ecosystem functions. We then discuss how soil microbiomes regulate the environmental behavior of microplastics, such as enhancing pollutant adsorption and promoting degradation.

The ameliorative effect of hyaluronic acid-astaxanthin nanoparticles on colitis through reducing oxidative stress, enhancing colon barrier, and reshaping intestinal microbiota.

Astaxanthin (AST) is recognize as the most potent antioxidant found in nature; however, its practical applications have been limited due to its structural instability. In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA) was used to stabilize AST, and they were both covalently linked via ethylenediamine to synthesis the hyaluronic acid-astaxanthin complex, which was subsequently formulated into hyaluronic acid-astaxanthin nanoparticles (HA-ASTNPs) in PBS. HA-ASTNPs was spherical with a particle size of 172.

Unraveling the co-catalytic mechanism in Fenton-like reaction with diatomic Fe/Mo catalysts: Accelerating the Fe(Ⅱ)/Fe(Ⅲ) conversion and PAA efficient activation.

This study attempts to address the technical challenge of poor valence cycling and low activation efficiency of Fe-based catalysts in peracetic acid (PAA)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for organic micropollutant treatment. The successful synthesis of the Mo doped Fe-based catalyst (FeMo@CN) achieved efficient PAA activation and rapid degradation of organic micropollutants. Mechanistic studies showed that both radical pathway (•OH and CHCOOO•) and non-radical pathway (O) synergistically contributed to bisphenol A (BPA) degradation.

Developing sustainable carboxymethyl cellulose lithium binders using agro-forestry biomass for high-performance LiFePO cathode.

Biomass-derived carboxymethyl cellulose lithium (CMCLi) was synthesized from poplar wood (PW) and corn stover (CS) as sustainable binders for lithium-ion batteries. The raw materials were pretreated with green deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to remove lignin and hemicellulose, followed by bleaching to purify the cellulose. The purified cellulose was subsequently subjected to alkaline swelling, alkalization, and etherification to produce CMC-Li binders.

Comparative study of glycyrrhizin interaction with plant-derived proteins for encapsulation and delivery of naringenin: Role of prolamins.

This study evaluated dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) modification on four distinct plant-based alternative proteins: legume-derived faba bean protein (mainly globulins), oilseed pumpkin protein (mainly globulins), pseudocereal buckwheat protein (mainly globulins and few prolamins), and cereal zein (exclusive prolamins), to enhance delivery efficiency of naringenin. Through pH-shifting preparation, DG significantly enhanced protein solubility and naringenin encapsulation efficiency (∼78.0-98.

Recent Progress in the Application of In Situ Characterization Techniques for Water Electrolysis.

In the global pursuit of sustainable clean energy, electrolyzed water has become a key technology for alleviating the energy crisis and promoting the green energy transition with its advantage of producing hydrogen with high purity. However, electrolyzed water has a complex chemical reaction mechanism. The changes of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and intermediate states in the microscopic process bring many unanswered questions, which bring challenges to the in-depth mechanism study.

Recent advances in tumor immunotherapy based on NK cells.

Immunotherapy has emerged as the established fourth pillar of cancer treatment following surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, representing a cutting-edge research domain in translational medicine and clinical oncology. Natural killer (NK) cells, a type of innate cytotoxic lymphocyte, possess unique antitumor properties that are independent of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restrictions, making them promising candidates for "off-the-shelf" therapeutic products. NK cells can eliminate tumor cells through various mechanisms.

Genomewide analysis of the Class III peroxidase gene family in apple ().

Class III peroxidases (PRXs) play a crucial role in maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, thereby influencing plant growth, development, and defense responses. To date, the roles of PRXs in apple branch development and the control of rootstock growth vigor remain poorly understood. This research aimed to exhaustively annotate and analyze the Class III PRX family in the apple genome.

Single Atom-Substituted Chalcogenides with Anion Vacancy Bonded on Graphene Nanotubes for Achieving "1+1+1>3" Synergistic Enhanced Sodium Storage.

Developing distinctive composite anodes with multiple active components is critical for enhancing the charge storage capability of sodium-ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs). Herein, In single atom-substituted SnS with moderate sulfur vacancies in situ bonded on N-doped graphene nanotubes (In─SnS@NG) is ingeniously engineered as a superior anode. Theoretical calculations and in situ/ex situ characterizations illustrate that the introduced Sn(In)─N interfacial bonds immensely strengthen composites integration and boost charge transfer, then In single atom substitution effectively elevates d band center and enhances Na adsorption.

A novel strategy for simultaneous separation of cis-trans isomers of hydroxy-ε/α/β-sanshools using gradient elution multi-mode two-dimensional liquid-liquid chromatography and theoretical calculations of separation mechanisms.

The gram-scale and efficient separation of isomers remains a major bottleneck limiting their further applications. This study presents a method for efficiently separating cis-trans isomers by employing transition metals to selectively recognize CC bonds, combined with gradient elution multi-mode two-dimensional liquid-liquid chromatography. The method was applied to separate cis-trans isomers, including hydroxy-ε-sanshool, hydroxy-α-sanshool, and hydroxy-β-sanshool, from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim, which vary significantly in content but have similar properties.

Sustainable synthesis of Ce-La loaded ontoCitrus limonfor phosphate removal: Performance and regeneration studies.

Efficient phosphate (P) treatment and resource recovery from water are crucial environmental challenges in water pollution management. In this study, a bimetallic La-Ce nanoparticle Citrus limon residue-based biosorbent was developed through a solvothermal synthesis method, using fruit waste as the raw material. This research work revealed that the surface of the agricultural waste became rough and uniformly layered through La and Ce after modification.

Advances in the computational development of hepatitis B virus capsid assembly modulators.

The capsid protein (Cp) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is crucial for the nucleocapsid formation, viral DNA replication, and virus-host cell interactions necessary for HBV persistence. Capsid assembly modulators (CAMs) target Cp dimer-dimer interactions, thereby inhibiting the reverse transcription of pregenomic RNA and the synthesis of relaxed circular DNA, leading to a reduction in covalently closed circular DNA amplification. This review highlights the use of molecular docking, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), and machine learning-based QSAR models, and molecular dynamics simulations, in CAM discovery and optimization.

Bionic Design of Ni Lewis Acid Site Based on Selective Seawater Oxidation.

The side reaction caused by chloride ions and the toxicity to the active site have always been the hindrance to the electrocatalyst of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for seawater splitting. Herein, inspired by the early flowering of damaged plants, we designed a catalyst rich in oxygen vacancies (O) and proved that O can accelerate the formation of Ni and further oxidize it to Ni, which we named as the "ripening" mechanism of O. O reduces the hydrogen proton desorption energy by regulating local charge redistribution, thus realizing the rapid transformation of Ni→Ni→Ni.

Recurrent stochastic configuration networks with block increments.

Recurrent stochastic configuration networks (RSCNs) have shown promise in modelling nonlinear dynamic systems with order uncertainty due to their advantages of easy implementation, less human intervention, and strong approximation capability. This paper develops the original RSCNs with block increments, termed block RSCNs (BRSCNs), to further enhance the learning capacity and efficiency of the network. BRSCNs can simultaneously add multiple reservoir nodes (subreservoirs) during the construction.

BiVAE-CPI: An Interpretable Generative Model Using a Bilateral Variational Autoencoder for Compound-Protein Interaction Prediction.

Predicting compound-protein interaction (CPI) plays a critical role in drug discovery and development, but traditional screening experiments consume much time and resources. Therefore, deep learning methods for CPI prediction are popular now. However, many existing methods treat CPI pairs as independent inputs, ignoring the correlations among different CPI pairs, and do not capture their latent representations well.

Advancements in polymer materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries.

Polymers are anticipated to address the bottleneck challenges in high-energy-density batteries due to their inherent flexibility, tunable structures, and ease of functionalization. In this review, we first analyze the requirements for cathode, anode, and electrolyte materials in high-energy-density batteries, alongside the existing challenges within current material systems. We then summarize and discuss the current status and developmental trends of polymer materials in these domains.