Dimensionality-Driven Anomalous Metallic State with Zero-Field Nonreciprocal Transport in Layered Ising Superconductors.

The anomalous metal state (AMS), observed in "failed" superconductors, provides insights into superconductivity and quantum criticality, with studies revealing unconventional quantum phases like the Bose metal. Recently, layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) superconductors approaching the two-dimensional limit have garnered significant attention for the enhanced phase fluctuations and electronic correlations. Investigating AMSs in these systems, particularly in the absence of an external magnetic field, could offer valuable insights into the dimensionality-driven emergence of exotic quantum phenomena, including triplet Cooper pairing, phase fluctuation dynamics, and especially the recently discovered field-free superconducting diode effects.

Synthesis and performance study of potassium-based flame-retardant groups grafted onto nitrocellulose.

To analyse the issues of high muzzle flame intensity and the easy migration of insensitive agents in conventional insensitive propellants, this study synthesizes modified nitrocellulose grafted with carboxymethyl potassium groups by a two-step process, starting from the molecular structure of nitrocellulose (NC), the principal component of propellants. First, the denitration reaction was performed to reduce part of the nitrate ester groups on the surface of NC to hydroxyl groups, followed by an etherification reaction to achieve directional grafting of carboxymethyl potassium groups. Compared with conventional flame retardant/insensitive systems based on nitrogen, phosphorus, or DBP (dibutyl phthalate), potassium-based functional groups exhibit superior thermal stability and environmental friendliness.

Integrating intrinsic lightweight, superhard, and magnetic properties in 3D covalent fullerene C networks: a first-principles study.

Multifunctional materials that simultaneously possess intrinsic magnetic and superhard properties, particularly those composed of light elements, have a wide range of applications in advanced sensors, shielding, durable devices, and other fields. However, research on the development and understanding of such materials remains limited. In this study, a series of 3D C covalent networks derived from the C fullerene precursor were theoretically designed.

Interstitial Cobalt in Pt Shell of Pd@Pt Mesoporous Core-Shell Nanospheres with Strong d-d Orbital Hybridization for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Ammonia Oxidation.

Ammonia oxidation reaction (AOR) is critical for efficient ammonia utilization as a hydrogen carrier, yet state-of-the-art Pt-based catalysts suffer significant activity loss due to strong NO species (NO, NO) adsorption. Herein, Pd@Pt mesoporous core-shell nanospheres with interstitial Co in Pt shell (Pd@Pt-Co MCSN) are demonstrated as an excellent AOR electrocatalyst, which achieves a mass activity of 293.6 A g at 0.

Diverse Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives.

Perovskite materials have revolutionized optoelectronics by virtue of their tunable bandgaps, exceptional optoelectronic properties, and structural flexibility. Notably, the state-of-the-art performance of perovskite solar cells has reached 27%, making perovskite materials a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic technology. Although numerous reviews regarding perovskite materials have been published, the existing reviews generally focus on individual material systems (e.

Machine Learning-Enhanced Design of 2D TM(HXBHYB)@MOF-Based Single-Atom Catalysts for Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysis.

This study integrates machine learning (ML) and density functional theory (DFT) to systematically investigate the oxygen electrocatalytic activity of two-dimensional (2D) TM(HXBHYB) (HX/YB = HIB (hexaaminobenzene), HHB (hexahydroxybenzene), HTB (hexathiolbenzene), and HSB (hexaselenolbenzene)) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). By coupling transition metals (TM) with the above ligands, stable 2D TM(HXBHYB)@MOF systems were constructed. The Random Forest Regression (RFR) model outperformed the others, revealing the intrinsic relationship between the physicochemical properties of 2D TM(HXBHYB)@MOF and their ORR/OER overpotentials.

Vertically Stacked Boron Nitride/Graphene Heterostructure for Tunable Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber.

Incorporating atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials with optical fibers expands their potential for optoelectronic applications. Recent advancements in chemical vapor deposition have enabled the batch production of these hybrid fibers, paving the way for practical implementation. However, their functionality remains constrained by the integration of a single 2D material, restricting their versatile performance.

Modelling taxi drop-off decisions in FIFO lanes via survival and discrete choice analysis.

Traffic congestion frequently occurs in the drop-off zones of large integrated passenger hubs, posing significant challenges to the efficient utilization of lane space. This study develops a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) taxi drop-off decision-making model, incorporating both static and dynamic Logit frameworks grounded in panel data analysis. The model accounts for heterogeneity across vehicles, temporal variations, and spatial factors influencing drop-off decisions.

The spin-coupling-dependent oxygen reduction mechanism in dual-atom catalysts.

The role of electronic spin in electrocatalysis has led to the emerging field of "spin-dependent electrocatalysis". While spin effects in individual active sites have been well understood, spin coupling among multiple sites remains underexplored in electrocatalysis, which will bring forth new active sites and mechanisms. In this work, we propose a general theory to understand the spin coupling in electrocatalysis.

Unraveling phosphorus enrichment, transformation, and optimal process strategies in sewage sludge pyrolysis using a correlation-prediction-causation integrated framework.

Global phosphorus (P) resources are facing a depletion crisis, and pyrolysis of P-rich sewage sludge (SS) offers significant resource potential. Optimizing pyrolysis conditions remains key yet challenging for enhancing P retention and bioavailability. This study conducted a correlation-prediction-causation integrated framework (CPCIF) to investigate how heating temperature (HT), heating rate (HR), and retention time (RT) influence total P enrichment rate (BTPE), relative inorganic P transformation rate (BITP), and relative apatite P transformation rate (BAIP) from SS to biochar during pyrolysis.

A ratiometric dual-channel fluorescent probe for selective Zn/Cd sensing: Applications in food quality control, real-time monitoring in living cells, and mice.

Background: Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) ions are ubiquitous in industrial and daily life. Despite their critical impact on food safety and human health, current probes face significant limitations in simultaneously detecting both ions in complex food matrices.

Results: Herein, we successfully developed a pyrene-based FRET ratiometric fluorescent probe QP for the highly selective detection of Zn and Cd.

Azide- and Trinitromethyl-Functionalized Bitriazoles: Environmentally Friendly High-Nitrogen Energetic Materials with Zero-Oxygen Balance.

In this work, two energetic materials with zero-oxygen balance, 1,2-bis(5-azido-1-(trinitromethyl)-1-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)diazene () and 5,5'-diazido-1,2'-bis(trinitromethyl)-1,2'-3,3'-bi(1,2,4-triazole) (), were successfully synthesized. Both ( = 9495 m s; = 39.2 GPa) and ( = 9238 m s; = 37.

Carrier Concentration Optimization Facilitates High Thermoelectric Performance in Solution-Grown Y and Pb Codoped SnSe Nanorods.

Here, Pb/Y codoped SnSe nanorods were fabricated via a bottom-up, cost-effective hydrothermal method. The formation of nanorod structures generating high-density grain boundaries significantly enhances phonon scattering, serving as the primary mechanism for lattice thermal conductivity reduction. Furthermore, Y-element enrichment regions, nanoprecipitates, and dense dislocation networks provide additional phonon scattering that further suppresses phonon transport.

Electron transfer mediates position-dependent hydrolytic dichlorination during dichlorophenols biodegradation under nitrate-reducing conditions.

Polychlorinated phenols (PCPs) are persistent pollutants due to strong C-Cl bonds and toxicity, posing challenges for bioremediation. Although electron acceptor activation can facilitate degradation, the effect of chlorine-substituent positions on isomer-specific biodegradability remains unclear. To address this gap, dichlorophenols (DCPs) were selected as chlorine substitution patterns shape degradation kinetics and microbial responses.

Highly efficient stabilization of arsenic in the contaminated sediments of Jiehe River by schwertmannite to inhibit arsenic release into overlying water.

Arsenic (As) represents the most typical associated element in gold mines, with As pollution frequently observed in regions of intensive gold mining activities, especially in Zhaoyuan City, renowned as the "Gold Capital" of China. In this study, schwertmannite (Sch), an iron oxyhydroxysulfate mineral with unique channel structure renowned for its As adsorption and stabilization capabilities in aqueous and soil systems, was synthesized and applied to evaluate its efficacy in stabilizing As for gold mining-impacted sediments. Besides, the functional mechanisms of Sch in mediating the redistribution and persistent immobilization of As in the sediments of Jiehe River in Zhaoyuan city were also explored.

Polarized Luminescence in Halide Perovskite Nanomaterials.

Halide perovskite nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative platform for generating and manipulating polarized luminescence, offering unprecedented opportunities for next-generation optoelectronic technologies. This review comprehensively examines recent advances in engineering both linearly polarized luminescence (LPL) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) from perovskite nanostructures, focusing on structural design principles, chirality transfer mechanisms, and performance optimization strategies. Methods are systematically analyzed to achieve polarized emission, including anisotropic nanocrystal growth, chiral ligand functionalization, and liquid crystal-mediated alignment, while highlighting critical optical factors such as dissymmetry factors and photoluminescence quantum yield.

Discovery of Novel Drug-Conjugate Molecule with Dual p53-MDM2 and TOP1 Inhibition for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer.

The blocking interaction between p53 and its negative regulator MDM2 is an engaging therapeutic strategy for antitumor drug development, and there are several drug candidates of p53-MDM2 inhibitors in clinical trials. In the present study, novel drug conjugates of p53-MDM2 inhibitors and topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitors have been designed based on bioinformatics analysis results of ten tumor tissues. Among them, showed potent antiproliferative activity against three cell lines HCT116, SJSA-1, and A549, with the strongest p53-MDM2 and TOP1 inhibitory activity.

Comparative benchmarking of single-cell clustering algorithms for transcriptomic and proteomic data.

Background: Differences in data distribution, feature dimensions, and quality between different single-cell modalities pose challenges for clustering. Although clustering algorithms have been developed for single-cell transcriptomic or proteomic data, their performance across different omics data types and integration scenarios remains poorly investigated, which limits the selection of methods and future method development.

Results: In this study, we conduct a systematic and comparative benchmark analysis of 28 computational algorithms on 10 paired transcriptomic and proteomic datasets, evaluating their performance across various metrics in terms of clustering, peak memory, and running time.

Synergistic engineering on surface chemistry and morphology in TiCT MXene towards high rate and durable LiO batteries.

The lithium‑oxygen battery (LOB) has emerged as an appropriate candidate for next-generation power supply system, owing to the ultrahigh theoretical energy density (3480 Wh kg) and relatively low cost. However, some intrinsic challenges, including high redox overpotentials, limited rate capability, and poor cyclic life, continue to hinder the practical deployment of lithium‑ oxygen batteries. The fundamental limitations originate from sluggish oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) kinetics and parasitic side reactions, which can be effectively mitigated by employing efficient cathode electrocatalysts.

Adjustable Self-Assembly of Perchlorate with Nitrogen-Rich Bicyclic Compounds: High-Energy Component Enhances Combustion of Composite Solid Propellants.

Developing energetic compounds with high energy and low sensitivity is a key focus for the progression of civil and military industries. Driven by crystal engineering, the solvent-mediated adjustable self-assembly strategy of perchlorate with nitrogen-rich bicyclic energetic compounds was successfully explored, and three kinds of oxidant-dropped self-assembly energetic compounds (, , and ) were prepared under the guidance of electrostatic potential. Among them, has a high density (1.

Lattice-matched molecular-anchor design for high-performance perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes.

Perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes have rapidly achieved high external quantum efficiencies of over 25%; however, hindered by limited operating stability originating from surface defects or ion migration in quantum dots. Here, we design a lattice-matched anchoring molecule, tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide (TMeOPPO-p), to anchor the multi-site defects and stabilise the lattice. The target quantum dots exhibit high exciton recombination features with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yields (97%), and the as-fabricated quantum dot light-emitting diodes present a maximum external quantum efficiency of up to 27% at 693 nm, a low efficiency roll-off (over 20% at a current density of 100 mA cm for the typical device) and an operating half-life of over 23,000 h.

Highly Selective Cleavage Dehydrogenation of BPZ for Preparation of ‑Phenylphenol over Efficient Pd-Cu/TiO Bimetallic Catalysts.

Pd-Cu bimetallic catalysts were successfully synthesized for the dehydrogenation of Bisphenol Z (BPZ) by an impregnation-reduction method. The obtained catalyst was studied by XRD, HRTEM, XPS, BET, and NH-TPD techniques and effectively applied in the highly selective cleavage dehydrogenation of BPZ to give PPP > 99% yield at 270 °C and atmospheric pressure in the solvent-free condition. It was demonstrated that the "synergistic effect" of the bimetallic catalysts could effectively promote the cleavage dehydrogenation reaction.

Principal component analysis for three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (PCA-3DSIM).

Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3DSIM) is an essential super-resolution imaging technique for visualizing volumetric subcellular structures at the nanoscale, capable of doubling both lateral and axial resolution beyond the diffraction limit. However, high-quality 3DSIM reconstruction is often hindered by uncertainties in experimental parameters, such as optical aberrations and fluorescence density heterogeneity. Here, we present PCA-3DSIM, a novel 3DSIM reconstruction framework that extends principal component analysis (PCA) from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) super-resolution microscopy.

Dialysis-assisted control significantly enables stable long-term unaerated partial nitrification in a microalgal-bacterial consortium treating hydrolyzed urine.

Source-separated hydrolyzed urine (SSHU), with high ammonium (NH-N) concentration and low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, presents a critical challenge for conventional biological treatment. This study developed an unaerated microalgal-bacterial consortium (MBC) integrating dialysis to achieve stable partial nitrification (PN) for SSHU treating. This system achieved 166-day stable PN (nitrite accumulation rate >85 %) through three mechanisms: (1) Dialysis and shorten hydraulic retention time (6 d to 2 d) maintained free ammonia (>2.

Synergistic FeS/FeS Dual-Active Sites Enable Sacrificial-Agent-Free Photocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis with Solar-Driven Fertilizer Applications.

Photocatalytic nitrogen reduction to ammonia (NH) under ambient conditions offers a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process but faces significant challenges. Inspired by biological nitrogen fixation, a thiosalicylic acid (TSA)-derived Fe-S cluster catalyst with dual active sites (FeS and FeS) is rationally designed and synthesized. Guided by the hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) theory, the Fe⁺/Fe⁺ ratio in the iron source is optimized to regulate the content of these two coordination structures in the catalysts.