BBX10 interacts with PIF1 to prevent photo-oxidation and to promote the greening process.

Seedlings emerged from the covering soil immediately undergo de-etiolation, ensuring plants switch from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic growth. This transition is essential for seedling development and survival. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely obscure.

Comprehensive sampling from mitochondrial genomes substantiates the Neoproterozoic origin of land plants.

Molecular phylogenetics illustrates the evolution and divergence of green plants by employing sequence data from various sources. Interestingly, phylogenetic reconstruction based on mitochondrial genes tends to exhibit incongruence with those derived from nuclear and chloroplast genes. Although the uniparental inheritance and conservatively retained protein-coding genes of mitochondrial genomes inherently exclude certain potential factors that affect phylogenetic reconstruction, such as hybridization and gene loss, the utilization of mitochondrial genomes for phylogeny and divergence time estimation remains limited.

Functional divergence of G protein γ subunits drives plant vigor and improvement through the CPK28-PIP1;2 pathway in tomato.

Maintaining robust plant vigor is essential for sustaining crop productivity, yet the precise roles and molecular underpinnings of G protein γ subunits in this process remain elusive. This study reveals that GGC1 is under selection during tomato domestication, and its mutants exhibit enhanced plant vigor, characterized by superior growth, increased yield, and improved fruit quality. In contrast, triple mutants gga1/ggb1/ggb2 display severely compromised vigor resembling slgb1 mutants lacking the Gβ subunit.

Directed Design of Anti-Idiotypic Nanobody with Antibacterial Activity against Foodborne and Its Innovative Application in Green Immunoassay.

Anti-idiotypic antibodies (Anti-Ids) possess the properties to mimic the structure and biological activity of an antigen, which can be utilized for preventing and monitoring hazards. In this study, Nb4Mutant6-Anti-Id, which mimics the structure and antibacterial activity of vancomycin, was designed based on phage display antibody library screening and mutagenesis technology. The affinity of Nb4Mutant6-Anti-Id for the coated antigens of Van-pAbs F(ab)2 and inactivated cells was 6.

A single-nucleotide polymorphism in BoDW1 encoding microtubule-associated kinase causes dwarfing in Brassica oleracea.

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) is an important vegetable crop that is widely cultivated throughout the world. Plant height is a key agronomic trait in cabbage, influencing architecture and yield, and is mainly determined by cell division and stem expansion.

Carboxymethyl chitosan-induced modification of the structure and regulation of the thermal aggregation of Pleurotus eryngii protein fractions to improve gel properties.

In recent years, interactions between polysaccharides and proteins have been widely considered for use to improve protein gel performances. We previously found carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) can increase Pleurotus eryngii protein (PEP) gel properties, but the contributions of different key PEP fractions to overall gel formation remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate how CMCS affects the gel properties of PEP via intermolecular interactions with PEP fractions, including PEP1-1, PEP2-2, and PEP5-1.

Enhancing nitrogen management in aerated landfills: Quantifying fungal contributions to nitrification using a model-based approach.

Effective nitrogen management is critical for minimizing environmental risks in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. In-situ aeration has emerged as a practical strategy to accelerate waste stabilization and improve nitrogen stabilization. However, the role of fungi in regulating nitrogen transformation processes-particularly nitrification-remains insufficiently understood.

Editing a gibberellin receptor gene improves yield and nitrogen fixation in soybean.

Soybean is an important source of oil, protein, and feed. However, its yield is far below that of major cereal crops. The green revolution increased the yield of cereal crops partially through high-density planting of lodging-resistant semi-dwarf varieties, but required more nitrogen fertilizers, posing an environmental threat.

Pharmacogenomic analysis of low-density lipoprotein receptor 3' untranslated region genetic variants influencing rosuvastatin efficacy in Chinese dyslipidemia patients.

Objectives: Dyslipidemia is a crucial risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although rosuvastatin is widely used, treatment response varies significantly due to genetic variation. This study investigated the pharmacogenomic impact of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) 3' untranslated region (UTR) variants on rosuvastatin efficacy in a Chinese Han adult cohort with dyslipidemia.

Discovery of insect Fairmaire extracts with anti-tyrosinase activity and anti-melanin deposition.

Background: Fairmaire is a medicinal insect that has been used for a long time by minority ethnic groups in Yunnan, China, due to its immunomodulatory function. However, its potential applications in cosmetics have not been reported.

Methods: experiments were used to verify whether the extracts of Fairmaire (EBR) have the effect of inhibiting TYR activity and eliminating melanin deposition.

Multi-omics approaches reveal the mechanisms underlying the interaction between cyst fluid of and host immune cells.

Background: cyst fluid (EgCF) is a complex mixture of parasite's containing a variety of antigens. Th9 cells are a newly reported subpopulation of Th cells whose primary function is to secrete IL-9 and exert biological effects. Research on whether antigens in the vesicle fluid can evade the host immune response by increasing IL-9 secretion is limited.

Highly efficient stabilization of arsenic in the contaminated sediments of Jiehe River by schwertmannite to inhibit arsenic release into overlying water.

Arsenic (As) represents the most typical associated element in gold mines, with As pollution frequently observed in regions of intensive gold mining activities, especially in Zhaoyuan City, renowned as the "Gold Capital" of China. In this study, schwertmannite (Sch), an iron oxyhydroxysulfate mineral with unique channel structure renowned for its As adsorption and stabilization capabilities in aqueous and soil systems, was synthesized and applied to evaluate its efficacy in stabilizing As for gold mining-impacted sediments. Besides, the functional mechanisms of Sch in mediating the redistribution and persistent immobilization of As in the sediments of Jiehe River in Zhaoyuan city were also explored.

The impacts of polypropylene microplastics on carbon and nitrogen cycling in coastal wetlands: Field evidence.

Coastal wetlands are hotspots for carbon and nitrogen cycling and serve as sinks for microplastics (MPs). Although MP effects on these biogeochemical cycles have been investigated under laboratory experiments, field-based evidence is lacking. This study presents the first field investigation of MP impacts, specifically polypropylene (PP), on sediment carbon and nitrogen cycling in intertidal and supratidal zones of a coastal wetland, employing in-situ culture over three months.

Elevated salinity decreases soil multifunctionality by driving bacterial community structure and network complexity.

Soil salinization has emerged as a critical environmental challenge threatening the sustainable development of terrestrial ecosystems globally. While the detrimental effects of soil salinization on plant growth, soil nutrient dynamics, and microbial communities are well-documented, how salinity-driven shifts in microbial nutrient limitation and co-occurrence network complexity collectively regulate soil multifunctionality (SMF) remains poorly resolved, particularly in agroecosystems. We conducted a salinity gradient mesocosm experiment (1.

Therapeutic potential of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis (EC-12) para-probiotic in reversing maternal separation-triggered social deficit in mice.

Early life stress due to maternal separation (MS) disrupts the gut-brain axis (GBA), leading to long-term neurobiological and behavioral deficits, particularly social behavior impairments. Although various probiotics have shown therapeutic potential, the efficacy of heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis EC-12 (EC-12) as a para-probiotic remains largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of EC-12 in reversing MS-induced behavioral and molecular abnormalities in mice.

N-Doping/KOH Synergy in Waste Moss Biochar for Geosmin Removal in Aquaculture Water: Elucidating Surface Functionalization and Activation Mechanisms.

Taste and odor (T&O) has always been a critical issue in drinking water treatment and quality improvement of aquatic products [...

A Ubiquitous Volatile in Noctuid Larval Frass Attracts a Parasitoid Species.

Natural enemies commonly probe larval bodies and frass with their antennae for prey hunting. However, the attractants to natural enemies emitted directly from hosts and host-associated tissues remained largely unknown. Here, we used two generalist noctuid species, (Hübner) and (JE Smith), along with the larval endoparasitoid (Haliday) to address the question.

RETRACTED: Chen, N.; Zhang, B. IAV Antagonizes Host Innate Immunity by Weakening the LncRNA-LRIR2-Mediated Antiviral Functions. 2024, , 998.

The journal retracts the article titled "IAV Antagonizes Host Innate Immunity by Weakening the LncRNA-LRIR2-Mediated Antiviral Functions" [...

Transcription Factor GmERFA Interacts With GmNFYA and Acts as a Negative Regulator of Seed Fatty Acid Accumulation in Soybean.

Soybean is one of the most important oilseed crops, and its seed oil content directly determines the economic value and industrial applicability worldwide. However, how soybean seed oil accumulation is regulated remains less understood. Here, through RNA-seq analysis and screening for the interacting proteins of a positive oil regulator GmNFYA, we identified an AP2/ERF-type transcription factor GmERFA, which acts as a negative regulator of oil accumulation.

Sedative and echocardiographic effects of intranasal or intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine in healthy cats.

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the sedative and echocardiographic effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) administered via intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) routes in cats.MethodsThis randomised, blinded crossover study involved eight healthy adult cats. Cats were randomly allocated to receive DEX 10 μg/kg via either the IN or IM routes.

Ecology and BehaviorDeveloping spectral indices and models for monitoring rice planthoppers (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) with hyperspectral data and machine learning.

Insect pests pose a significant threat to crop health including yield and quality, making population monitoring essential for effective pest management. Reflectance spectroscopy is a powerful tool for assessing crop health. Spectral characteristics of crops are closely linked to pest damage, yet it has not been widely used in pest monitoring.

Inhibition of Nicotinamidase Impacts Growth, Development, and Lifespan of and .

Nicotinamidase (Naam), which is essential for insect NAD synthesis but absent in mammals, represents a potential pesticide target. Virtual screening identified 1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-ethanone (4-TFPE) as a potent inhibitor of (IC = 4.156 μM) and (IC = 2.

Knockout of the SfVipR1 gene confers high-level resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Aa toxin in Spodoptera frugiperda.

Background: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal proteins, including crystalline (Cry) proteins and vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips), are extensively used in transgenic crops due to their efficacy, low environmental impact, and safety. The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, has evolved practical resistance to Cry1Fa, yet no practical resistance to Vip3Aa has been documented. However, both laboratory selection and field screen studies indicate a high potential for this pest to evolve resistance to Vip3Aa, making it crucial to evaluate potential resistance genes.

Controllable Synthesis of an Upconversion Metal-Organic Framework Core-Shell Hybrid for Highly Sensitive Fluorescence Detection of Dufulin in Crops and Fruits.

Developing a sensitive analysis of dufulin with high anti-interference performance remains challenging. Herein, a metal-organic framework (MOF)-encapsulated upconversion nanoparticle (UC) core-shell hybrid sensor (UC@CuMOF) was designed for the sensitive detection of dufulin. With the encapsulation of the CuMOF shell, the luminescence of UC under a 980 nm laser was strongly quenched by the shell through the photoinduced electron transfer effect.

Optimizing sex pheromone lures for male trapping specificity between Spodoptera frugiperda and Mythimna loreyi.

Background: Spodoptera frugiperda and Mythimna loreyi are sympatric pests of corn and other gramineous crops. In addition, the two species share three primary pheromone components Z9-14:Ac, Z7-12:Ac and Z11-16:Ac, resulting in capture of males from both species by commercially available lures, which poses a great challenge for species-specific population monitoring.

Results: To increase the specificity of the pheromone blend used in lures, we conducted comparative investigations between the two species, with respect of female calling rhythms, components in female pheromone glands, male electrophysiological and sexual excitement responses to pheromone gland components.