Directed Design of Anti-Idiotypic Nanobody with Antibacterial Activity against Foodborne and Its Innovative Application in Green Immunoassay.

Anti-idiotypic antibodies (Anti-Ids) possess the properties to mimic the structure and biological activity of an antigen, which can be utilized for preventing and monitoring hazards. In this study, Nb4Mutant6-Anti-Id, which mimics the structure and antibacterial activity of vancomycin, was designed based on phage display antibody library screening and mutagenesis technology. The affinity of Nb4Mutant6-Anti-Id for the coated antigens of Van-pAbs F(ab)2 and inactivated cells was 6.

Combined detection of foodborne pathogens in irrigation water in Jiangsu, China.

Numerous foodborne disease outbreaks have been attributed to the consumption of fresh produce contaminated with foodborne pathogens. Contaminated irrigation water is a well-established source of bacterial and viral contamination during primary production and is frequently responsible for the contamination of fresh produce. However, efficient methods for the simultaneous detection of bacterial and viral pathogens present in irrigation water are still scarce.

Unraveling lattice oxygen-mediated oxygen evolution in an amorphous NiFe layered double hydroxide.

An amorphous NiFe layered double hydroxide was developed and shown to facilitate water oxidation a lattice oxygen-mediated oxygen evolution mechanism. Theoretical calculations confirmed that Fe incorporation shifts the O 2p band centre of NiFeOOH closer to the Fermi level, thereby promoting the release of lattice oxygen.

LYN and CYBB are pivotal immune and inflammatory genes as diagnostic biomarkers in recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Unlabelled: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) seriously affects women's reproductive health, and its pathogenesis is complex and varied. The aim of this study is to identify key molecular markers closely associated with RSA to rapidly and effectively predict the RSA, and to provide simple and practical indicators for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Method: We obtained mRNA expression profiles from the GSE26787 and GSE165004 datasets of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, immune-related genes (IRGs) from the ImmPort database (https://www.

Recognition of pivotal immune genes NR1H4 and IL4R as diagnostic biomarkers in distinguishing ovarian clear cell cancer from high-grade serous cancer.

Objective: Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is characterized by poor prognosis and limited early diagnostic markers. Identifying molecular distinctions between OCCC and the more common high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is critical to developing targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for improved clinical outcomes.

Methods: We retrieved the mRNA expression profiles of OCCC and HGSC from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Research progress of ECT2 and RhoA-related signaling pathways in gynecological tumors.

Epithelial Cell Transformation Factor 2 (ECT2) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, including gynecological tumors. The mislocalization of ECT2 can abnormally activate Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) in the Ras homolog gene family (Rho) Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) family. Activated RhoA binds to Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), phosphorylates various target proteins, triggers a cascade reaction, regulates the functions of downstream proteins, and thereby plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors.

MoSe promoted PtRu catalysis for efficient methanol electrooxidation.

Strong coupling of PtRu with MoSe induced the Pt surface to become sufficiently electron rich for achieving an enhanced anti-CO poisoning ability and methanol oxidation performance.

In situ imaging study of targeted iron and metabolically related molecules in tumors and brain tissues using MALDI-MS imaging.

Iron is one of the essential trace elements required for maintaining life, and it participates in several physiological activities. Comprehensive direct targeting of iron in tissue slices will be more conducive to exploring the physiological processes of iron metabolism disorders. In this study, we introduce a novel matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) methodology designed to map iron distribution comprehensively across tumor tissues and specific brain regions.

Cerium partial fluoridation efficiently promotes Pd nanoparticle catalysis of formic acid oxidation.

Partial fluoridation of cerium provides more oxygen vacancies and surface-adsorbed active OH species, effectively promoting Pd nanoparticle for the formic acid electrooxidation reaction. As a result, Pd-CeF/CeO showed high activity for formic acid oxidation due to the strong interaction arising from its Pd-O-Ce linkage and its high anti-poisoning ability.

A fast and efficient virtual screening and identification strategy for helix peptide binders based on finDr webserver: A case study of bovine serum albumin (BSA).

Peptides offer unique advantages, including strong specificity, rapid action, and low side effects, making them a prominent focus in the development of new drugs and functional materials. However, the rapid and efficient screening and identification of high-affinity peptides for specific targets remains a significant challenge. In this study, we successfully screened 12-helix candidate peptides using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the target protein, employing the computer-aided peptide virtual screening webserver finDr.

Effects of neuropeptide F signaling on feeding, growth and development of Plutella xylostella (L.) larvae.

The neuropeptide F (NPF) signaling, comprising NPF and neuropeptide F receptor (NPFR), role in regulating insect behaviors and physiological processes. We cloned the genes encoding NPF and NPFR from Plutella xylostella, a notorious pest of cruciferous crops. Notably, the NPF gene produced two splicing variants, Px-NPF1 and Px-NPF2, with distinct expression patterns.

Rational design and application of broad-spectrum antibodies for Bt Cry toxins determination.

Using the amino acid sequences and analysis of selected known structures of Bt Cry toxins, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Ah, Cry1B, Cry1C and Cry1F we specifically designed immunogens. After antibodies selection, broad-spectrum polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) and monoclonal antibody (namely 1A0-mAb) were obtained from rabbit and mouse, respectively. The produced pAbs displayed broad spectrum activity by recognizing Cry1 toxin, Cry2Aa, Cry2Ab and Cry3Aa with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) values of 0.

Characterization of the individual domains of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2Aa implicates Domain I as a possible binding site to Helicoverpa armigera.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry2Aa is a member of the Cry pore-forming, 3-domain, toxin family with activity against both lepidopteran and dipteran insects. Although domains II and III of the Cry toxins are believed to represent the primary specificity determinant through specific binding to cell receptors, it has been proposed that the pore-forming domain I of Cry2Aa also has such a role. Thus, a greater understanding of the functions of Cry2Aa's different domains could potentially be helpful in the rational design of improved toxins.

MALDI-mass spectrometry imaging as a new technique for detecting non-heme iron in peripheral tissues via caudal vein injection of deferoxamine.

As one of the most common iron-chelating agents, deferoxamine (DFO) rapidly chelates iron in the body. Moreover, it does not compete for the iron characteristic of hemoglobin in the blood cells, which is common in the clinical treatment of iron poisoning. Iron is a trace element necessary to maintain organism normal life activities.

Cross-Reactivity of Human, Wild Boar, and Farm Animal Sera from Pre- and Post-Pandemic Periods with Alpha- and Βeta-Coronaviruses (CoV), including SARS-CoV-2.

Panels of pre- and post-pandemic farm animals, wild boar and human sera, including human sera able to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, were tested in serological tests to determine their cross-reactivity with β- and α-CoV originating from farm animals. Sera were tested in neutralization assays with high ascending concentrations (up to 1 × 10 TCID units/well) of β-CoV Bovine coronavirus (BCV), SARS-CoV-2, and porcine α-CoV-transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). In addition, sera were tested for immunostaining of cells infected with β-CoV porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis (PHEV).

Generation of anti-idiotypic antibodies mimicking Cry2Aa toxin from an immunized mouse phage display library as potential insecticidal agents against Plutella xylostella.

This study tried to generate anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2s) which mimic Cry2Aa toxin using a phage-display antibody library (2.8 × 10 CFU/mL). The latter was constructed from a mouse immunized with F (ab') fragments digested from anti-Cry2Aa polyclonal antibodies.

Establishment of novel receptor-antibody sandwich assays to broadly detect Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 and Cry2 toxins.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins have been widely used in the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for pest control. This work aimed to establish more cost effective and broader detection methods for commonly used Cry toxins. Using ligand blot and bio-layer interferometry, we confirmed that a recombinant toxin-binding fragments derived from Helicoverpa armigera cadherin-like protein (HaCad-TBR) could broadly bind Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry2Aa, and Cry2Ab with the affinity of 0.

Establishment of monoclonal antibody and scFv immuno-based assay for Cry2Aa toxin in spiked grain samples.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins have been widely used in the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for pest control. This work aimed to establish more cost effective methods for used Cry2Aa toxins. Three immunoassay methods (IC-ELISA, DAS-ELISA, and CLEIA) were successfully developed in this work.

Occurrence of dietary advanced glycation end-products in commercial cow, goat and soy protein based infant formulas.

Thermal treatment is a key step during infant formula (IF) processing which causes protein glycation and formation of dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs). This study aimed to evaluate the glycation degree in IF in relation to the ingredients of the formula. dAGEs concentrations have been determined by UPLC-MS/MS in a range of commercial cow-based, goat-based, and soy-based IF.

Improved sensitivity of the anti-microcystin-LR ELISA using phage-displayed alpha-type anti-idiotypic nanobody.

Anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) are valuable tools that can be used for a better understanding of molecular mimicry and the immunological network. In this work, we showed a new application of a phage-displayed alpha-type Ab2 (Ab2α) to improve the sensitivity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detecting cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR). A monoclonal antibody (mAb) against MC-LR was used as an antigen to isolate binders in a camelid nanobody library.

Generation of Human Domain Antibody Fragments as Potential Insecticidal Agents against by Cadherin-Based Screening.

New insecticidal genes and approaches for pest control are a hot research area. In the present study, we explored a novel strategy for the generation of insecticidal proteins. The midgut cadherin of () was used as a target to screen materials that have insecticidal activity.

Screening and identification of vancomycin anti-idiotypic antibodies for against Staphylococcus aureus from a human phage display domain antibody library.

Staphylococcus aureus is a common food-borne pathogenic microorganism that poses a serious threat to food quality and safety, and can do harm to human health. In the past, researchers relied on antibiotics to control Staphylococcus aureus, though very effective, yet it was also worrying in the aspect of bio-safety. In fact, anti-idiotypic antibody (Anti-Id) shows its potential to mimic some of the structural and biological functions of antigens.

Identification of single domain antibodies with insect cytotoxicity using phage-display antibody library screening and Plutella xylostella ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily C member 2 (ABCC2) -based insect cell expression system.

It is extremely imminent to study a new strategy to manage agricultural pest like Plutella xylostella (P. xylostella) which is currently resistant to most of pesticides, including three domain-Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). In this study, we reported a phage displayed single domain antibody screening from human domain antibody (DAb) library targeted on Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells expressed Cry1Ac toxin receptor, ATP-dependent binding cassette transporter C2 in P.