An anti-idiotypic single domain antibody as Cry2Aa toxin mimotope and analysis of its binding region through molecular docking.

Background: Anti-idiotypic antibodies have garnered significant attention in biotechnology and immunology due to their unique ability to mimic specific epitopes on target antigens, thereby serving as functional analogues. This property makes them valuable tools for various applications. In this study, we aimed to isolate an anti-idiotypic single domain antibody against Cry2Aa from a naive phage-display library and investigate its structural and functional mimicry of the Cry2Aa toxin.

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis granulovirus regulates apoptosis by targeting AIF1 and ASPP1 through tca-miR-3885-5p and tca-miR-3897-3p to promote infection.

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis granulovirus (CnmeGV) is a potential biocontrol agent for C. medinalis which is a major rice pest. However, its insecticidal efficacy is slow due to cell apoptosis.

Inhibition of cytokine-like protein 1 transcription hinders wound-healing process in diabetic rats.

Aim: This study explored the function and mechanism of cytokine-like protein 1 (CYTL1) in regulating the wound-healing process of rats with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: A wound was made in diabetic rats, in which CYTL1 overexpression or HDAC1 expression-interfering adenovirus was injected. The wound area on day 0, 7, 14 and 21 was observed and photographed to calculate the wound-healing rate.

Gaining insights into the responses of individual yeast cells to ethanol fermentation using Raman tweezers and chemometrics.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most common microbe used for the industrial production of bioethanol, and it encounters various stresses that inhibit cell growth and metabolism during fermentation. However, little is currently known about the physiological changes that occur in individual yeast cells during ethanol fermentation. Therefore, in this work, Raman spectroscopy and chemometric techniques were employed to monitor the metabolic changes of individual yeast cells at distinct stages during high gravity ethanol fermentation.

Characterization of the individual domains of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2Aa implicates Domain I as a possible binding site to Helicoverpa armigera.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry2Aa is a member of the Cry pore-forming, 3-domain, toxin family with activity against both lepidopteran and dipteran insects. Although domains II and III of the Cry toxins are believed to represent the primary specificity determinant through specific binding to cell receptors, it has been proposed that the pore-forming domain I of Cry2Aa also has such a role. Thus, a greater understanding of the functions of Cry2Aa's different domains could potentially be helpful in the rational design of improved toxins.

PM-induced premature senescence in HUVECs through the SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway.

Vascular endothelial cell senescence plays a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that ambient fine particulate matter (PM) induces stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) in vascular endothelial cells. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this process remain to be fully elucidated.

Screening and Identification of Anti-Idiotypic Nanobody Capable of Broad-Spectrum Recognition of the Toxin Binding Region of Lepidopteran Cadherins and Mimicking Domain II of Cry2Aa Toxin.

The widespread use of toxins as insecticides has brought about resistance problems. Anti-idiotypic nanobody approaches provide new strategies for resistance management and toxin evolution. In this study, the monoclonal antibody generated against the receptor binding region Domain II of Cry2Aa toxin was used as a target to screen materials with insecticidal activity.

Generation of anti-idiotypic antibodies mimicking Cry2Aa toxin from an immunized mouse phage display library as potential insecticidal agents against Plutella xylostella.

This study tried to generate anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2s) which mimic Cry2Aa toxin using a phage-display antibody library (2.8 × 10 CFU/mL). The latter was constructed from a mouse immunized with F (ab') fragments digested from anti-Cry2Aa polyclonal antibodies.

Establishment of novel receptor-antibody sandwich assays to broadly detect Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1 and Cry2 toxins.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins have been widely used in the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for pest control. This work aimed to establish more cost effective and broader detection methods for commonly used Cry toxins. Using ligand blot and bio-layer interferometry, we confirmed that a recombinant toxin-binding fragments derived from Helicoverpa armigera cadherin-like protein (HaCad-TBR) could broadly bind Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry2Aa, and Cry2Ab with the affinity of 0.

Self-expansion full information optimization strategy: Convenient and efficient method for near infrared spectrum auto-analysis.

An essential step in the application of near infrared spectroscopy technology is the spectrum preprocessing. A reasonable implementation of it ensures that the effective spectral information is correctly extracted and, also that the model's accuracy is increased. However, some analysts' research still uses the manual approach of trial and error, particularly those less skilled ones.

Establishment of monoclonal antibody and scFv immuno-based assay for Cry2Aa toxin in spiked grain samples.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxins have been widely used in the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for pest control. This work aimed to establish more cost effective methods for used Cry2Aa toxins. Three immunoassay methods (IC-ELISA, DAS-ELISA, and CLEIA) were successfully developed in this work.

Development of a micro-Raman system for in vivo studying the mechanism of laser biological effects.

The laser irradiation on organism will produce a series of biological effects, which can be used for basic medical research, diagnosis and treatments of diseases. However, the mechanism of this biological effects is still unclear. As a sensitive molecular monitoring technique, Raman spectroscopy has became a very popular detection method in biomedical research especially in vivo study.

Improved sensitivity of the anti-microcystin-LR ELISA using phage-displayed alpha-type anti-idiotypic nanobody.

Anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2) are valuable tools that can be used for a better understanding of molecular mimicry and the immunological network. In this work, we showed a new application of a phage-displayed alpha-type Ab2 (Ab2α) to improve the sensitivity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detecting cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR). A monoclonal antibody (mAb) against MC-LR was used as an antigen to isolate binders in a camelid nanobody library.

Identifying the Epitopes of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2Aa Toxin Involved in Cadherin Interaction by a Monoclonal Antibody.

Antibodies are a useful tool for assistance to map the binding epitopes in Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins and their receptors, and even determine how receptors promote toxicity. In this work, a monoclonal antibody (mAb-1D2) was produced by the hybridoma cell line raised against Cry2Aa toxins, with a half inhibition concentration (IC) of 9.16 μg/mL.

A powerful tool for near-infrared spectroscopy: Synergy adaptive moving window algorithm based on the immune support vector machine.

Traditional trial-and-error methods are time-consuming and inefficient, especially very unfriendly to inexperienced analysts, and are sometimes still used to select preprocessing methods or wavelength variables in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). To deal with this problem, a new optimization algorithm called synergy adaptive moving window algorithm based on the immune support vector machine (SA-MW-ISVM) is proposed in this paper. Following the principle of SA-MW-ISVM, the original problem of calibration model optimization is transformed into a mathematical optimization problem that can be processed by the proposed immune support vector machine regression algorithm.

Generation of Human Domain Antibody Fragments as Potential Insecticidal Agents against by Cadherin-Based Screening.

New insecticidal genes and approaches for pest control are a hot research area. In the present study, we explored a novel strategy for the generation of insecticidal proteins. The midgut cadherin of () was used as a target to screen materials that have insecticidal activity.

Laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common nervous system disease to affect mostly elderly people over the age of 65 years. However, the diagnosis of AD is mainly depend on the imaging examination, clinical assessments and neuropsychological tests, which may get error diagnosis results and are not able to detect early AD. Here, a rapid, non-invasive, and high accuracy diagnostic method for AD especially early AD is provided based on the laser tweezers Raman spectroscopy (LTRS) combined with machine learning algorithms.

Screening and identification of vancomycin anti-idiotypic antibodies for against Staphylococcus aureus from a human phage display domain antibody library.

Staphylococcus aureus is a common food-borne pathogenic microorganism that poses a serious threat to food quality and safety, and can do harm to human health. In the past, researchers relied on antibiotics to control Staphylococcus aureus, though very effective, yet it was also worrying in the aspect of bio-safety. In fact, anti-idiotypic antibody (Anti-Id) shows its potential to mimic some of the structural and biological functions of antigens.

Identification of single domain antibodies with insect cytotoxicity using phage-display antibody library screening and Plutella xylostella ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily C member 2 (ABCC2) -based insect cell expression system.

It is extremely imminent to study a new strategy to manage agricultural pest like Plutella xylostella (P. xylostella) which is currently resistant to most of pesticides, including three domain-Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). In this study, we reported a phage displayed single domain antibody screening from human domain antibody (DAb) library targeted on Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells expressed Cry1Ac toxin receptor, ATP-dependent binding cassette transporter C2 in P.

LINC00518 affects the proliferation, invasion and migration of cutaneous malignant melanoma cells via miR-526b-3p/EIF5A2 axis.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of LINC00518 affecting the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) cells via miR-526b-3p/EIF5A2 axis.

Methods: qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of LINC00518, miR-526b-3p, and EIF5A2 in CMM tissues from 40 patients. Si-LINC00518, pcDNA-LINC00518, miR-526b-3p mimic, miR-526b-3p inhibitor, si-EIF5A2, and their corresponding negative controls were transfected alone or co-transfected into CMM cells A375 and A2058.

Epitopes prediction for microcystin-LR by molecular docking.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is one of the most worldwide harmful cyanobacterial toxins. A lots of antibodies against MC-LR have been generated and characterized. However, the knowledge about the epitopes of MC-LR was still limited.

Docking-based generation of antibodies mimicking Cry1A/1B protein binding sites as potential insecticidal agents against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella).

Background: Broad use of insecticidal Cry proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis in biopesticides and transgenic crops has resulted in cases of practical field resistance, highlighting the need for novel approaches to insect control. Previously we described an anti-Cry1Ab idiotypic-antibody (B12-scFv) displaying toxicity against rice leafroller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) larvae, supporting the potential of antibodies for pest control. The goal of the present study was to generate insecticidal antibodies against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larvae.

Anti-idiotypic single-chain variable fragment antibody partially mimic the functionally spatial structure of Cry2Aa toxin.

The anti-idiotypic antibody is widely used in the field of immunology to simulate structural features or even induce the biological activity of antigens. In this study, we obtained seven anti-idiotypic single-chain variable fragments (scFv) antibodies of Cry2Aa toxin from a phage-displayed mutant library constructed using error-prone PCR technique. A mutant designated 2-12B showed the best binding ability amongst all anti-idiotypic scFv isolates to Plutella xylostella brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs).

Construction and characterization of a class-specific single-chain variable fragment against pyrethroid metabolites.

Pyrethroids are insecticides that are widely used in rural and urban areas worldwide. After entering the environment, pyrethroids are rapidly metabolized or degraded by various biological or abiotic methods. In this study, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) which could simultaneously detect three pyrethroid metabolites was constructed based on a hybridoma raised against 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA).

Expression of Cry1Ac toxin-binding region in Plutella xyllostella cadherin-like receptor and studying their interaction mode by molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis.

Cadherin-like protein has been identified as the primary Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry toxin receptor in Lepidoptera pests and plays a key role in Cry toxin insecticidal. In this study, we successfully expressed the putative Cry1Ac toxin-binding region (CR7-CR11) of Plutella xylostella cadherin-like in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The expressed CR7-CR11 fragment showed binding ability to Cry1Ac toxin under denaturing (Ligand blot) and non-denaturing (ELISA) conditions.