Fluorine···π Induced Alkyne Concentrating and Orderly Arranged Sulfonate-Adjusted Interfacial Water Structure Promote Alkene Electrosynthesis at Large Current Densities.

Electrocatalytic semihydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes with water at nearly industrial current densities is highly important. However, a low interfacial alkyne-water ratio leads to severe hydrogen evolution, making it extremely challenging to obtain alkenes with a high Faradaic efficiency (FE). Here, a strategy involving fluorine···π interaction-induced alkyne concentration and orderly arranged sulfonate-repelled interfacial water-cation is developed over commercial Nafion-modified palladium nanotips, enabling electrolysis of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBE) with up to 83% FE under -100 mA cm.

Prognosis and surgical experience of inner foreskin free grafting for the treatment of penile divided nevus in children.

Background: This study analyzes the outcomes of 15 children who underwent inner foreskin free grafting for penile divided nevus to propose a grading system for evaluating post-operative appearance and share key surgical techniques and experiences.

Methods: Clinical data were collected from children diagnosed with penile divided nevus between July 2023 and January 2025. The appearance was graded based on the color match between the penis and the transplanted skin, as well as whether the grafted skin was flat.

Noninvasive in vivo tracking of SPIONs-labeled CLDN18.2-targeted CAR-T cells in gastric cancer via magnetic particle imaging.

This study aims to employ magnetic particle imaging (MPI) for in vivo tracking and quantitative assessment of targeting capability of CLDN18.2-specific CAR-T cells. CLDN18.

In-Sensor Compressed Imaging with Reconstruction-Free Recognition via Ferroelectric Photodiodes.

The transition from human-centric to machine-centric vision systems demands innovative imaging architectures. Compressed imaging, using key mathematical transformations to capture essential visual information during sampling, is suited for sensor-level integration to minimize data redundancy. Here, we propose an efficient machine vision strategy that connects in-sensor compressed imaging with neural networks.

Generation of alpaca-derived nanobody fragments as potential insecticidal agents against Plutella xylostella via cadherin toxin binding region-based screening.

Background: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are widely used in pest control owing to their effectiveness as bioinsecticides. However, the extensive use of these toxins has resulted in the development of resistance in various pest populations, including Plutella xylostella, which is a significant pest of cruciferous crops. This increasing resistance highlights the need for alternative insecticidal strategies that can complement or replace traditional methods.

Defect Passivation via a Bidentate Anchoring Molecule Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

The cation and anion defects at the perovskite interfaces, such as undercoordinated Pb and undercoordinated I, severely limit the long-term stability and efficiency potential of the devices. The dual-functional passivation group -NH in the 4-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (4-HTAZ) molecule, and the pyridinic- and pyrrolic- groups in its triazole ring could be bidentately anchored at the cationic (undercoordinated Pb) and anionic (undercoordinated I) defects on the surface of the perovskite film. The bidentate passivation of 4-HTAZ optimizes the energy level alignment between the perovskite and hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), promotes charge extraction and inhibits interfacial recombination.

Electrocatalytic semi-hydrogenation of alkynes using water as the hydrogen source.

The semi-hydrogenation of alkynes to alkenes, especially acetylene to ethylene, is an essential transformation that delivers raw materials and scaffolds for synthetic industries. Electrocatalytic hydrogenation, which is green and mild, provides an alternative strategy to the conventional hydrogenation process, which relies on high temperature, high pressure and flammable H. This protocol describes an electrocatalytic semi-hydrogenation method to synthesize olefins with water as the hydrogen source under ambient temperature and pressure.

Epiregulon: Single-cell transcription factor activity inference to predict drug response and drivers of cell states.

Transcription factors (TFs) and transcriptional coregulators are emerging therapeutic targets. Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) can evaluate pharmacological agents and identify drivers of disease, but methods that rely solely on gene expression often neglect post-transcriptional modulation of TFs. We present Epiregulon, a method that constructs GRNs from single-cell ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data for accurate prediction of TF activity.

Quantitative computed tomography provides improved accuracy for diagnosis of lumbar osteoporosis in patients with facet joint osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: This study employed both QCT and DXA to assess BMD in the same cohort and investigated the influence of FJOA on BMD measurements and the detection rates of osteoporosis. The results indicate that QCT is more accurate for assessing regional BMD in patients with FJOA.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the detection rates of lumbar osteoporosis in patients with FJOA between QCT and DXA and to analyze the impact of FJOA on regional BMD measurement using each method.

Strong dipole-promoted N-O bond hydrogenolysis enables ampere-level electrosynthesis of methylamine.

The electrochemical hydrogenolysis of nitromethane in water could provide a sustainable route for accessing methylamine, one of the simplest alkyl amines and most commonly used bulk chemicals. However, present efforts achieve only methylamine selectivities below 10% due to the ineffective N-O bond activation of the N-methylhydroxylamine intermediate. Here we design a copper electrocatalyst with abundant low-coordination sites to enable the conversion of nitromethane to methylamine with 99% selectivity and 97% Faradaic efficiency at a low potential.

Multidisciplinary team management of congenital dysfibrinogenemia in pregnancy: a case report.

Background: Congenital dysfibrinogenemia is a rare autosomal dominant disorder involving abnormal fibrinogen function, leading to variable risks of bleeding and thrombosis. Its management during pregnancy is particularly challenging due to the potential for complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, placental abruption, and fetal growth restriction. The absence of reliable predictive laboratory markers further complicate individualized risk assessment and clinical decision-making.

Exploring the mechanism of Naringenin in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma based on mRNA sequencing and experimental validation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the top three causes of cancer-related mortality globally and is associated with a relatively low five-year overall survival rate. Naringenin has demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on various neoplasms; however, the mechanisms of action and potential molecular targets of naringenin in the context of HCC remain to be elucidated. Cellular proliferation in cancer cells was quantified using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.

Photocatalytic Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide by Rhenium Modified Metal-Organic Frameworks Incorporating Bianthracene Ligands.

Photocatalytic synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) from oxygen (O) is a challenging process. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials are emerging photocatalysts with potential tunable light absorption properties. Herein, we report a rhenium (Re) modified Zr-based MOF, Re10-MFM-67, in which active Re sites are incorporated into MFM-67 by partial replacement of 9,9'-bianthracene-10,10'-dicarboxylic acid (HL) with a [(HL)Re(CO)Cl] (HL = 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid) moiety.

Recent Progress of Antibacterial Carbon Dots Prepared from Marketed Small Molecule Antibacterial Drugs.

The massive consumption of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance, which is a major concern in the global health crisis. Therefore, the development of non-antibiotic antibacterial drugs occurs simultaneously with the development of antibiotics. Nanomaterial applications in antibacterial research are currently expanding.

The Synthesis of Polycarboxylate Dispersants Containing Benzenesulfonic Acid Groups and Their Performance in Promoting Coal Particle Dispersion.

In this study, a polycarboxylate coal-water slurry dispersant (SSPA) containing benzenesulfonic acid groups was synthesized using allyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether 500, sodium styrenesulfonate, and acrylic acid as raw materials. The effects of SSPA and a commercially available naphthalene-based dispersant (MF) on the slurry characteristics of low-rank coal were compared, and the maximum solid content of CWS prepared with SSPA reached 65.2%, which was 4% higher than that achieved with MF (61.

Uncovering Hidden Orders within Deformable Materials: The Case of Dysprosium.

The intrinsic orders within deformable materials can be masked by lattice defects, an issue that has been largely overlooked. Uncovering these hidden orders is likely to offer new insights into material properties. Here, we address this issue by introducing a zero-gravity synthesis method to fabricate highly crystalline and nearly stress-free microspheres from deformable materials, as demonstrated with dysprosium metal.

π-Truncation of a Parent Nanographene: Chirally Twisted Green Fluorophores.

The twist operation of the π-skeleton would induce left or right handedness. Herein, we report two chirally twisted C nanographenes designed by formally erasing two fused benzenes from a parent C nanographene. These C nanographenes possess two [6]helical units implemented around a central pyrene core in a different arrangement.

A plaque recognition algorithm for coronary OCT images by Dense Atrous Convolution and attention mechanism.

Currently, plaque segmentation in Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images of coronary arteries is primarily carried out manually by physicians, and the accuracy of existing automatic segmentation techniques needs further improvement. To furnish efficient and precise decision support, automated detection of plaques in coronary OCT images holds paramount importance. For addressing these challenges, we propose a novel deep learning algorithm featuring Dense Atrous Convolution (DAC) and attention mechanism to realize high-precision segmentation and classification of Coronary artery plaques.

Impact of on the fermentation quality, nutritional enhancement, and microbial dynamics of whole plant soybean silage.

Soybean ( (L.) Merr.) is an important leguminous crop with rich nutrients and wide uses, yet soybean straw is often treated as waste in many areas without sufficient regard for its nutritional value.

Quality of Life in Patients Aged 60-65 Years Receiving Mechanical versus Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement.

Background: For patients eligible for both mechanical and bioprosthetic valves, postoperative quality of life (QOL) is a key factor in determining the type of prosthetic valve used.

Methods: We reviewed patients aged 60-65 years who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement at our centre. Postoperative QOL was assessed through a telephone follow-up using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire.

Characteristics, seasonal variations and major sources of underivatized free amino acids in PM at a rural coastal site in Qingdao, China.

Free amino acids are an important class of organic nitrogen compounds found in aerosols that influence atmospheric chemistry, biological activity and human health. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of their variation characteristics in rural coastal areas of northern China and the major sources of both anthropogenic and biogenic activities remain unclear. Field sampling and chemical analyses were conducted in three seasons at a rural coastal site in Qingdao.

Association between blood metal elements and lung cancer: a cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The association between exposure to certain heavy metals and an increased risk of lung cancer has been confirmed, but the exact relationship remains uncertain. This research shed light on the association between blood metal elements and lung cancer, and examined their causal association through Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: This study retrospectively included 48,132 participants from 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Organelle genomes of two species, and , provide new insights into evolutionary divergence between and its related species.

Chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes harbor crucial information that can be utilized for elucidating plant evolution and environmental adaptation. The organellar genomic characteristics of Goodeniaceae, a sister family to Asteraceae, remain unexplored. Here, using a combination of short-read and long-read sequencing technologies, we successfully assembled the complete organellar genomes of two Goodeniaceae species native to China, and .

Evoking Simultaneous Ferroptosis and Apoptosis by a Dual-Locked Platinum (IV) Prodrug for Synergistic Chemo-immunotherapy.

While platinum-based chemotherapeutics have revolutionized cancer treatment, their clinical potential is limited by off-target toxicity and restricted antitumor mechanisms. Herein, we introduce a dual-locked Pt(IV) prodrug designed for tumor-specific activation, combining platinum-based chemotherapy with TLR7/8-mediated immunotherapy. The prodrug features a γ-glutamyl-caged TLR7/8 agonist as an axial ligand, enabling sequential activation by elevated glutathione (GSH) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in the tumor microenvironment.