The relationship between PAEs components profile of real-world household airborne dust and total DNA demethylation potential in vitro.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) existed in household environment globally, and household airborne dust PAEs (HD-PAEs) have garnered significant attention due to their endocrine-like toxicity. In on-site study investigating PAE contamination from 60 households across three Chinese cities, we analyzed 43 dust samples for specific PAE components and conducted comprehensive total DNA demethylation potential (TDP) toxicity assays. Ten congeners were detected across all cities (130.

Lithium-doped calcium silicate scaffolds-activated M2-polarized macrophage-derived miR-145-5p-riched extracellular vesicles to enhance osteoimmunomodulation for accelerating bone regeneration.

Bone healing is intricately associated with dynamic macrophage polarization. Modulating macrophages toward the M2 phenotype has emerged as a promising strategy in bone tissue engineering. Calcium silicate, known for its superior osteoconductivity, is widely used as a bone substitute and is particularly effective in promoting bone tissue regeneration when incorporated with bioactive ions.

Characterization of total DNA demethylation potential and its PBDE components of household airborne dust in three Chinese cities.

Household dust is a major reservoir for indoor pollutants, yet its epigenetic effects remain poorly characterized. This study investigated household airborne dust's total DNA demethylation potential (TDP) and its association with 14 priority polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in 43 residences across Lanzhou, Suzhou, and Harbin. The median TDP (5-AZA-CdR equivalent) was 0.

Molecular evolution of chloroplast genome in Triumfetta (Grewioideae, Malvaceae).

This study provides insights into the chloroplast genome evolution of Triumfetta, identifies polymorphic loci for molecular marker development, and offers preliminary phylogenomic evidence on the evolutionary relationships within the genus. The genus Triumfetta Plum. ex L.

Literature review of advances and challenges in mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background And Objective: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog () mutations are one of the most common oncogenic driver mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the KRAS G12C mutation being the most common prevalent subvariant. The review aims to explore optimal diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for mutant NSCLC, and to provide guidance for the development of precise treatment approaches for affected.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and major international conferences proceedings for all English-language publications available up to December 31, 2024.

Generation of alpaca-derived nanobody fragments as potential insecticidal agents against Plutella xylostella via cadherin toxin binding region-based screening.

Background: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are widely used in pest control owing to their effectiveness as bioinsecticides. However, the extensive use of these toxins has resulted in the development of resistance in various pest populations, including Plutella xylostella, which is a significant pest of cruciferous crops. This increasing resistance highlights the need for alternative insecticidal strategies that can complement or replace traditional methods.

Assessment of human parabens exposure and health risk based on global biomonitoring data.

Parabens are among the most prevalent preservatives utilized in daily life. According to studies, parabens are endocrine disruptors that may be harmful to human health. This study used urine (N = 370,460) and blood (N = 19,521) data from 203 publications from 29 countries to calculate the global estimated daily intakes (EDIs) and grouped EDIs (EDIs) of parabens in different countries and populations, assess the global exposure trends of parabens from 2000 to 2024, and determine the potential health risks of parabens exposure.

Sources, temporal-spatial characteristics, exposure assessment and children health risk of phthalate esters (PAEs) in household dust in China from 2000 to 2023: a review and pool analysis.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) have been extensively used in the household environment globally for decades, posing persistent hazards. There is significant attention on the characteristics of PAEs in household dust (HD-PAEs) in China, driven by an increasing awareness of their endocrine-disruptor toxicity. In this study, 876 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2023 were evaluated and screened for raw numerical data of HD-PAEs in residential households, including 27 papers available for final analysis.

Predicting Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Therapy in Patients With Breast Cancer: Development of Machine Learning-Based Prediction Models in a Retrospective Study.

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer worldwide, with 2.3 million new diagnoses in 2022. Recent advancements in treatment have led to a shift in the use of chemotherapy-targeted immunotherapy from a postoperative adjuvant to a preoperative neoadjuvant approach in select cases, resulting in enhanced survival outcomes.

Polyethylene microplastics and nanoplastics colored with inorganic pigments in aquatic environments: Effects of mechanical aging on physicochemical properties, aggregation kinetics, and metal release.

Mechanical aging affects the environmental fate and transport of colored plastics. This study investigated the physicochemical properties, aggregation kinetics, and metal release of polyethylene (PE) microplastics (PEMPs) and nanoplastics (PENPs) aged from masterbatches. Colored PE with inorganic pigments, including White-Ti-PE (titanium dioxide), Red-Fe-PE (iron oxide), Yellow-Cr/Pb-PE (lead chromate), and Blue-Al-PE (ultramarine), was compared with Transparent-PE.

Body dissatisfaction and unhealthy weight-control behaviors of adolescents: The roles of exposure to influencer marketing and use of dating apps.

This study examined adolescent exposure to influencer marketing and the use of dating apps by adolescents to establish possible relationships to body dissatisfaction (BD) and unhealthy weight-control behaviors (UWCBs). A total of 3121 high-school students were recruited from 36 schools in Taiwan. These students completed a self-administered questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2022.

Integration of social and depth information during affiliative behavior in zebrafish.

Social animals need to process information constantly from their social partners and the physical environment. Notably, the distance between conspecifics plays an important role in social decision-making, such as territorial defense and courtship. However, how social and depth information are integrated to control responses to conspecifics remains largely unknown.

Sweat-induced aggregation of nanoplastics with different sizes and functionalities: Implications for global and body-region variability in dermal penetration risks.

Sweat-induced aggregation influences dermal penetration risks of nanoplastics. This study investigated the aggregation kinetics of unmodified (PS20 and PS50), amino-modified (APS50), and carboxyl-modified (CPS50) polystyrene nanoplastics (20-50 nm) in sweat standards and evaluated penetration risks using global sweat data. Negatively charged PS20, PS50, and CPS50 aggregated fastest (1.

Examining the Impact of Digital Inclusion on Depression Among Older Adults in China: Mediating Role of Noncognitive Abilities.

Background: In the digital and intelligent era, a considerable number of older adults in China still have a low level of digital inclusion. Although existing literature has explored the relationship between the use of the internet and depression among older adults to some extent, it mainly focused on surface aspects rather than delving into the underlying mechanism of action among digital inclusion, depression, and noncognitive abilities, which remains unclear.

Objective: This study aims to explore the mediating role of noncognitive abilities between digital inclusion and depression among older adults in China, as well as the parallel mediating roles of each dimension of the Big Five personality traits in the relationship between them.

Extracting critical clinical indicators and survival prediction of lung cancer from pathology reports using large language models.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in many developed countries, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis. Histopathology, the gold standard for diagnosis, often results in semi-structured pathological reports containing complex information that can hinder timely clinical decision-making. This study evaluates the effectiveness of pre-trained language models (PLMs) in extracting 16 critical features from pathology reports (as defined by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines) and then using them for survival prediction in patients with advanced-stage (AJCC stage IIIB-IV) lung cancer.

Aggregation and deposition kinetics of polystyrene nanoplastics in lung fluids: Influence of particle property, fluid condition, and surfactant protein.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging atmospheric contaminants that aggregate and deposit in lung fluids post-inhalation, affecting their migration and health risks. This study investigated the aggregation and deposition kinetics of six polystyrene NPs (PSNPs): NP50, NP100, NP500, A-NP50 and A-NP100 (amino-modified), and C-NP100 (carboxyl-modified), in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) and Gamble's solution (GMB). In ALF, PSNPs aggregated within 20 min to 132-1066 nm, with rates ranking A-NP50 > NP100 > A-NP100 > C-NP100 > NP50 > NP500.

Forsyditerpenes A-O, CC-type clerodane and aromatic abietane diterpenoids with anti-inflammatory activities from the seeds of Forsythia suspensa.

Diterpenoids, the bioactive terpenoids of many medicinal plants, have not been reported in the seeds of Forsythia suspensa. In this study, twelve undescribed clerodane (1-12) and three new aromatic abietane (13-15) diterpenoids, named forsyditerpenes A-O, were isolated from the seeds of Forsythia suspensa. Among them, forsyditerpenes A-L (1-12) have rear CC-type clerodane skeleton, which possess the cis configuration of the A/B ring junction and the α-oriented C-17 and C-20.

Polystyrene nanoplastics trigger pyroptosis in dopaminergic neurons through TSC2/TFEB-mediated disruption of autophagosome-lysosome fusion in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a sporadic neurodegenerative disorder with a rising incidence. Environmental toxins are considered the main etiological factor. The increasing use of polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NPs) has raised concerns about their potential neurotoxic effects in PD.

Prediction of depression risk in middle-aged and elderly Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndrome patients by social and environmental determinants of health: an interpretable machine learning approach using longitudinal data from China.

Background: Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a systemic disease characterized by pathophysiological interactions between the cardiovascular system, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic risk factors. In China, the prevalence of CKM in middle-aged and elderly patients is relatively high. The current research lacks an exploration into the impact of social and environmental determinants of health on depression in CKM patients.

Combination regimens as potential treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer patients with HER2 mutation in the real world: a multicenter study.

Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) mutations poses significant treatment challenges. While chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy or anti-angiogenic therapy has been explored, no standardized regimen exists for these patients. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different treatment regimens for HER2-mutated NSCLC.

Erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide amplifier enhanced by an inverse-designed on-chip reflector.

This study presents a 3.6-cm-long erbium-doped lithium niobate waveguide amplifier enhanced by an inverse-designed on-chip reflector. Integrating a reflector to reflect signal light (1531.

Non-invasive simple predictors of biliary atresia in cholestatic infants - A preliminary report.

Background: Biliary atresia (BA) and other cholestatic liver diseases of early infancy share many similar clinical manifestations. We intended to investigate easy and popular non-invasive parameters to assist the differential diagnosis of BA among cholestatic infants.

Methods: We enrolled 145 consecutive cholestatic infants (43.

Analysis of factors influencing delayed treatment seeking for dental caries in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study investigated the prevalence of treatment delays among preschoolers with dental caries, identified the associated influencing factors, and predicted the risk of delayed treatment. The findings of this study provide an evidence base for future interventions designed to reduce treatment delays in this population.

Methods: A convenience sample of 264 preschool children with dental caries and their parents who visited the paediatric dental department between October 2023 and May 2024 was surveyed.

Ultralow-Threshold Lithium Niobate Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Laser.

Thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) has emerged as a promising platform for modern complete photonic integrated circuits due to its exceptional optical properties. The development of rare-earth-ion-doped TFLN has led to significant advancements in on-chip microlasers. However, challenges persist in developing energy-efficient, low-threshold lasers on TFLN.

Physical Contact between Bacteria and Carbonaceous Materials: The Key Switch Triggering Activated Carbon and Biochar to Promote Microbial Iron Reduction.

Carbonaceous materials, including activated carbon and pyrolytic carbon, have been recognized for about over a decade as effective electron shuttles or conductive materials in promoting microbial Fe(III) mineral reduction. However, recent studies reveal inhibitory effects, sparking debates about their overall impact. We hypothesized that the physical contact between bacteria and carbon is an overlooked yet critical factor in determining whether carbon promotes or inhibits microbial Fe(III) reduction.