Assessment of human parabens exposure and health risk based on global biomonitoring data.

Parabens are among the most prevalent preservatives utilized in daily life. According to studies, parabens are endocrine disruptors that may be harmful to human health. This study used urine (N = 370,460) and blood (N = 19,521) data from 203 publications from 29 countries to calculate the global estimated daily intakes (EDIs) and grouped EDIs (EDIs) of parabens in different countries and populations, assess the global exposure trends of parabens from 2000 to 2024, and determine the potential health risks of parabens exposure.

Climate Adaptation and Genetic Differentiation in the Mosquito Species Culex tarsalis.

The increasing prevalence of vector-borne diseases around the world highlights the pressing need for an in-depth exploration of the genetic and environmental factors that shape the adaptability and widespread distribution of mosquito populations. This research focuses on Culex tarsalis, a principal vector for various viral diseases including West Nile Virus. Through the development of a new reference genome and the examination of Restriction-Site Associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data from over 300 individuals and 28 locations, we demonstrate that variables such as temperature, evaporation rates, and the density of vegetation significantly impact the genetic makeup of Cx.

Tetrafurcate graft Eversion suturing combined with single-branched stent technique in surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection.

Background And Objective: Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a critical and life-threatening condition. To date, surgical intervention remains the primary life-saving treatment. However, this surgical approach is often accompanied by a range of postoperative complications, and the associated mortality rate remains high.

Outdoor light spending time, genetic predisposition and incident Parkinson's disease: the mediating effect of lifestyle and vitamin D.

Background: Previous studies suggest that outdoor sunlight exposure was associated with a lower risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the interaction of genetic predisposition and the potential role of lifestyle risk factors in mediating this association remains unclear from prospective evidence.

Methods: A cohort study based on the UK Biobank enrolled participants between 2006 and 2010, with the latest follow-up in November 2022.

Prediction of Weight Loss and Regain Based on Multiomic and Phenotypic Features: Results From a Calorie-Restricted Feeding Trial.

Objective: To identify baseline multiomic and phenotypic predictors and develop prediction models for weight and body composition loss and regain in the Low-Carbohydrate Diet and Time-Restricted Eating (LEAN-TIME) trial.

Research Design And Methods: A post hoc analysis was conducted of the LEAN-TIME feeding trial using data from 88 adults with overweight/obesity completing a 12-week calorie-restricted weight-loss phase and 79 completing a 28-week weight-regain phase. Baseline dietary, metabolic, fecal metabolome, and gut microbiome data were candidate predictors of changes in weight, body fat mass (BFM), and soft lean mass (SLM).

Glucose Parameters, Inflammation Markers, and Gut Microbiota Changes of Gut Microbiome-Targeted Therapies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: This meta-analysis aims to summarize the effects of gut microbiome-targeted therapies (MTTs) on glucometabolic, inflammatory factors and gut microbiota in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: 4 databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included subjects with T2DM who received MTTs. All results were presented as standardized mean difference (SMD)/MD and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

Metabolic profiling of frailty, associations with type 2 diabetes and interaction with genetic susceptibility.

Background: Individuals with frailty are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We aimed to investigate whether the frailty-T2D association is mediated by alterations in the metabolome and assess potential interaction with genetic susceptibility to diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective analysis, using data from a large prospective population-based cohort, included a total of 197,502 adults with baseline metabolomics data from the UK Biobank.

Association between early-life famine exposure and cognitive function trajectories from midlife to late-life: The mediating role of depressive symptoms.

Background: The long-term effects of early famine exposure on cognitive function remain understudied. This study examined the association between famine exposure and 10-year trajectories of cognitive function, and also assessed the mediating role of depressive symptoms.

Methods: We included 2434 participants from waves 1-5 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), with complete baseline data and at least three cognitive assessments.

The effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on circulating inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: To investigate whether the antidiabetic agent glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) can exert anti-inflammatory effects while lowering blood glucose, we performed a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Methods: We searched 4 online databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and the Web of Science) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examined changes after GLP-1RAs intervention in commonly accepted biomarkers of inflammation: C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), leptin, adiponectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs).

Results: This meta-analysis included 52 eligible RCTs (n = 4734) with a median follow-up of 24 weeks, a mean age of 54.

Modifiable risk factors and plasma proteomics in relation to complications of type 2 diabetes.

A comprehensive assessment of combined modifiable risk factors with common complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is lacking, and the potential role of proteomics remains unclear. Here, we examine the associations of cardiovascular health (CVH) score and degree of risk factor control with common diabetic complications using data from the UK Biobank (n = 14,102). Furthermore, we explore the mediation effects of plasma proteomics in a subset with proteomic data (n = 1287).

Multi-metal mixture exposure and cognitive function in urban older adults: The mediation effects of thyroid hormones.

The existing studies on the association between multi-metal mixture exposure and cognitive function in the older adults are limited and controversial, with no studies considering the mediating effect of thyroid hormones on the connection between them. This study of 441 urban older adults assessed 21 urinary metal levels and cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Urinary metal levels were measured via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and thyroid hormones levels were obtained from medical records.

In-depth inference of transcriptional regulatory networks reveals NPM1 as a therapeutic ribosomal regulator in MYC-amplified medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is an aggressive pediatric brain tumor with distinct molecular heterogeneity. Identifying subtype-specific signatures within Group 3 and Group 4 remains challenging due to shared cytogenetic alterations and limitations of conventional differential gene expression analysis. To uncover the underlying molecular signatures and hidden regulators, we used the Cavalli transcriptomic profile of 470 Group 3 and Group 4 MB patients to reconstruct subtype-specific regulatory networks.

Deciphering the δ-Lactam Formation and lron-Reducing Activity of Spinactins from .

The cyclic structure of non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) is critical for enhancing their stability and bioactivity, which highlights the importance of exploring NRP cyclization enzymes for natural product discovery. Thioesterases (TEs) are crucial enzymes that catalyze the formation of various lactams, including macrolactams, β-lactams, and γ-lactams; however, their potential to produce other lactam types remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identified spinactin A () and novel derivatives, spinactin B-E (-), from NRRL 18395 and characterized the biosynthetic enzymes involved, particularly a unique TE SncF, responsible for δ-lactam formation.

Large-Scale Plasma Proteomics Improves Prediction of Peripheral Artery Disease in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet the association between plasma proteomics and PAD in people with T2D remains unclear. We aimed to explore the relationship between plasma proteomics and PAD in individuals with T2D, and assess whether proteomics could refine PAD risk prediction.

Research Design And Methods: This cohort study included 1,859 individuals with T2D from the UK Biobank.

Associations between plasma caspase-1 levels and cardiovascular disease, with the mediating role of metabolic syndrome.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the association between plasma caspase-1 levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as the potential mediating role of metabolic syndrome (Mets) in the association.

Methods: This study analyzed the UK Biobank Precision Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP), which detected plasma caspase-1 levels in participants. CVD was defined by ICD-9/ICD-10 codes.

Differences in HDL-related coronary heart disease risk between individuals with and without diabetes.

Background And Aims: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) might lose atheroprotective functions in the presence of diabetes. We sought to examine associations of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) and HDL particle (HDL-P) subclasses with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) stratified by diabetes.

Methods: We included 393,516 participants (20,691 diabetics and 372,825 nondiabetics) from the UK Biobank.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and risk of infections among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Evidence on the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and infections among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a group susceptible to vitamin D deficiency and infections, is limited.

Objectives: We aimed to examine this association in individuals with T2D, and to evaluate whether genetic variants in vitamin D receptor (VDR) would modify this association.

Methods: This study included 19,851 participants with T2D from United Kingdom Biobank.

Characterization of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (FDCHi015-A) derived from PBMCs of a patient harbouring ALDOB mutation.

Hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disease associated with a mutation in the aldolase B gene on chromosome 9q31. In this study, we generated a human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) line, FDCHi015-A, from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a patient carrying the compound heterozygous mutations c.360_364delCAAA and c.

Associations Between Beverage Consumption and Risk of Microvascular Complications Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.

Context: The relationship between the consumption of different beverages and the risk of microvascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear.

Objective: To investigate the association of individual beverage consumption, including artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), tea, coffee, natural juice, and yogurt, with the risk of microvascular complications in adults with T2D.

Methods: This cohort study included 6676 participants with T2D who were free of macrovascular and microvascular complications at baseline in the UK Biobank.

Association of Ultraprocessed Food Consumption with Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from the UK Biobank.

Scope: Among patients with diabetes, who have modified nutritional behavior and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the influence of ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) on CVD remains unknown. The study aims to evaluate the association between UPF intake and the risk of CVD among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and further examine the potential biological pathways linking the association.

Methods And Results: This study includes 5405 participants with T2D who provided at least one 24-h dietary recall from the UK Biobank study.

Intermittent hypoxic pretreatment exacerbates house dust mite-induced asthma airway inflammation.

Background: Asthma is widely recognized as an inflammatory disorder. In the context of this inflammatory microenvironment, the involvement of hypoxia and its impact on related pathways have drawn considerable attention. However, the exact role of hypoxia, a prevalent environmental factor, in the development and progression of asthma remains poorly understood.