Personalized porous tantalum implants crafted via 3D printing: new horizons in complex cervical-thoracic spinal fusion.

Background: Complex interbody fusion remains challenging, while traditional surgical instruments are not suitable for complex spinal deformities. Porous tantalum (Ta) has excellent osteogenic properties, but there is currently a lack of research on its application in cervical thoracic interbody fusion.

Objective: To introduce the application of selective electron beam melting (SEBM) 3D printing technology in customized porous Ta vertebral fusion implants and evaluate its mid-term clinical efficacy in complex cervical thoracic fusion surgery.

Advances in Wettability-Engineered Open Planar-Surface Droplet Manipulation.

Firstly, this paper reviews the fundamental theories of solid surface wettability and contact angle hysteresis. Subsequently, it further introduces four typical wettability-engineered surfaces with low hysteresis (superhydrophobic, superamphiphobic, super-slippery, and liquid-like smooth surfaces). Finally, it focuses on the latest research progress in the field of droplet manipulation on open planar surfaces with engineered wettability.

Ambient ozone exposure and course of non-communicable diseases among elderly individuals with hypertension, diabetes or dyslipidemia: Prospective cohort study in GOLD-Health.

The association between ozone (O) exposure and the dynamic and accelerated progression of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remains unclear in elderly individuals with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), or dyslipidemia. This study included 250,246 participants with HTN, DM, or dyslipidemia from the Guangzhou Older Longitudinal Dynamic Health. Long-term O exposure was estimated using bilinear interpolation based on geocoded residential addresses.

Multi-omics integration reveals the impact of mediterranean diet on hepatic metabolism and gut microbiota in mice with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the Mediterranean diet (MD) on hepatic metabolism and gut microbiota in mice with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce MASLD, with normal chow (NC)-fed mice as controls. Post-modeling, MASLD mice were randomized into three groups: HF (continued high-fat diet), HF-NC (switched to normal chow), and HF-MD (switched to MD).

Health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in a soil-rice system in the selenium-enriched area based on Monte Carlo simulation and bioaccessibility.

Although selenium (Se)-enriched soils represent a scarce resource, heavy metal contamination has restricted their utilization. The Huigu Town region, recognized as one of China's naturally Se-enriched areas, was selected for this study. We collected 30 paired rice grain and paddy soil samples to investigate the concentrations of heavy metal(loid)s (Se, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), pollution levels, and health risks within the soil-rice system.

In-Sensor Compressed Imaging with Reconstruction-Free Recognition via Ferroelectric Photodiodes.

The transition from human-centric to machine-centric vision systems demands innovative imaging architectures. Compressed imaging, using key mathematical transformations to capture essential visual information during sampling, is suited for sensor-level integration to minimize data redundancy. Here, we propose an efficient machine vision strategy that connects in-sensor compressed imaging with neural networks.

Strong Oxide-Support Interaction Induced Thermal Stabilization of Pt Single Atoms for Durable Catalytic CO Oxidation.

Supported metal nanoparticle catalysts often suffer from sintering-induced size-dependent deactivation, limiting their high-temperature applications. Although high-temperature redispersion offers a potential solution, this strategy remains restricted to reducible support materials, severely limiting the selection of catalyst supports with versatile compositions and tunable functionalities. Here, we engineer cationic vacancies at AlO-LaO interface via strong oxide-support interaction (SOSI)-driven interfacial reconstruction during calcination.

Effectiveness of Radiotherapy in Preventing Heterotopic Ossification: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Beyond Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) frequently occurs after procedures such as hip replacements, acetabular fractures, and elbow fractures. While radiotherapy (RT) has been a longstanding preventive measure against HO, its efficacy remains controversial, with some studies questioning its effectiveness and noting potential side effects. Previous research has predominantly focused on total hip arthroplasty (THA), leading to a gap in comprehensive evaluation of RT's efficacy and safety across other conditions.

A single-phase epitaxially grown ferroelectric perovskite nitride.

The integration of ferroelectrics with semiconductors is crucial for developing functional devices, such as field-effect transistors, tunnel junctions, and nonvolatile memories. However, the synthesis of high-quality single-crystalline ferroelectric nitride perovskites has been limited, hindering a comprehensive understanding of their switching dynamics. Here we report the synthesis and characterizations of epitaxial single-phase ferroelectric cerium tantalum nitride (CeTaN) on both oxides and semiconductors.

Comparison of Artificial Intelligence Models Using CT Radiomics for Predicting Post-Vertebral Augmentation Residual Back Pain in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

: Residual back pain (RBP) following vertebral augmentation (VA) represents a significant challenge in managing osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). While conventional predictive models have shown moderate accuracy, their preoperative risk stratification capabilities remain suboptimal. CT-based radiomics has demonstrated success in vertebral fracture assessment, yet its integration with artificial intelligence (AI) for predicting RBP remains unexplored.

Deciphering Cuproptosis in Sepsis: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Cuproptosis is a form of programmed cell death triggered by the abnormal accumulation of intracellular copper ions, and its mechanism is closely associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent studies on sepsis have indicated a potential link between copper metabolism disorders and organ injury. Cuproptosis may be involved in the progression of multi-organ dysfunction in sepsis by disrupting immune homeostasis, promoting inflammatory responses, and altering energy metabolism.

Interface-Driven Electrothermal Degradation in GaN-on-Diamond High Electron Mobility Transistors.

Diamond is an attractive substrate candidate for GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMT) to enhance heat dissipation due to its exceptional thermal conductivity. However, the thermal boundary resistance (TBR) at the GaN-diamond interface poses a significant bottleneck to heat transport, exacerbating self-heating and limiting device performance. In this work, TCAD simulations were employed to systematically investigate the effects of thermal boundary layer (TBL) thickness () and thermal conductivity () on the electrothermal behavior of GaN-on-diamond HEMTs.

Efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode, on Pupal stage of the common Lepidopteran pests, , and .

is an entomopathogenic nematode with established efficacy against various agricultural pests. However, its impact on key lepidopteran pests, including , and , remains underexplored, particularly at the pupal stage. This study evaluates the efficacy of the nematode through a combination of choice-based attraction assays, non-choice infection performance bioassays involving direct application to specific pupal body parts, and assessments of sublethal effects on adult survival and oviposition following pupal-stage exposure.

Study of the sensitization mechanism of immunoassay based on DNA tetrahedron spatial mediation for detecting imidacloprid in vegetables.

Introduction: Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) is a widely adopted method for detecting pesticide residues such as imidacloprid because of its speed, low cost, and simplicity. However, antibody adsorption immobilization on solid-phase surfaces often leads to spatial crowding, resulting in reduced accessibility of antigen-binding sites and compromised assay sensitivity.

Objective: This study aimed to address the limitations of conventional immunoassays by introducing DNA tetrahedron (TDN) as spatial mediators.

Association between ultra-processed foods and female infertility: a large cross-sectional study.

Background: Infertility is a significant challenge in women's reproductive health, but the relationship between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and female infertility remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between UPF intake and female infertility.

Methods: Using data from 3601 women in the NHANES database, UPF intake was defined as the percentage of energy consumed by UPF in each participant's daily total food intake energy.

FAP as a prognostic biomarker and radiomics-based predictor of angiogenesis-associated recurrence in Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.

Background: Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a histologically benign yet clinically aggressive intracranial tumor characterized by high recurrence rates. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), a marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), is implicated in tumor progression and microenvironment remodeling. This study evaluates the prognostic significance of FAP and develops a radiomics-based model for non-invasive preoperative risk stratification.

Strawberry as a health promoter: an evidence-based review. Where are we 10 years later?

Strawberries are commonly consumed berries in the Mediterranean area. The fruits present a high concentration of micronutrients and bioactive compounds that confer a plethora of biological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review discusses and updates the recent results of studies, in animals and humans, focusing on the impact that strawberry consumption has on many common human diseases, such as obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders; particular attention has been given to the biological effects and molecular mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects exerted by this berry.

The role of life's essential 8 and multimorbidity in the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation: observations from a large prospective cohort study.

Background: The risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is accentuated by age and comorbidities. Healthy lifestyle behaviours, based on Life's Essential 8 (LE8), may modify the risk of new-onset AF mitigating the impact of multimorbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of LE8 with multimorbidity status, linked to AF incidence.

Cohort profile: the Guangzhou older longitudinal dynamic health (GOLD-Health) cohort.

The Guangzhou Older Longitudinal Dynamic Health (GOLD-Health) Cohort is a prospective population-based cohort study aimed at investigating the risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adult individuals in Guangzhou, one of China's most developed and densely populated cities. From 1 Jan 2018 until 31 Dec 2020, 737,863 participants (mean age = 71.8 years, 58.

Dicyandiamide-Driven Tailoring of the n-Value Distribution and Interface Dynamics for High-Performance ACI 2D Perovskite Solar Cells.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells achieve remarkable efficiencies (> 26%) yet face stability challenges. Quasi-2D alternating-cation-interlayer perovskites offer enhanced stability through hydrophobic spacer cations but suffer from vertical phase segregation and buried interface defects. Herein, we introduce dicyanodiamide (DCD) to simultaneously address these dual limitations in GA(MA)PbI perovskites.

Impact of air pollution and multimorbidity on the risk of incident atrial fibrillation.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests associations between air pollution, multimorbidity, and atrial fibrillation (AF), but their interplay remains unclear. We evaluated these relationships in a prospective cohort.

Methods: We retrieved a total of 480 344 individuals from the UK Biobank.

Associations between insulin resistance indices and cardiovascular disease in older adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stage 0-3: The GOLD-Health cohort.

Aims: To evaluate the association between eight insulin resistance (IR) indices and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and compare their predictive efficacy in older adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stages 0-3.

Methods: We analyzed 463,545 participants from the Guangzhou Older Longitudinal Dynamic Health (GOLD-Health) cohort. Cox proportional hazards and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models assessed associations between IR indices (triglyceride glucose [TyG], TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR, lipid accumulation product [LAP], atherosclerotic index [AIP], visceral adiposity index [VAI], Chinese visceral adiposity index [CVAI]) and CVD incidence.

ELRT: a lightweight 2D radiative transfer framework for rapid calculation of infrared radiation characteristics of aeroengines.

With the advancement of infrared technology, the research on the infrared characteristics of aeroengines has become exceptionally crucial, as these characteristics may have an impact on the stealth capability and operational safety of the aircraft. The traditional three-dimensional Monte Carlo ray tracing (MCRT) method, though precise, is associated with high computational costs and low efficiency. This paper presents a novel approach based on the two-dimensional emitting line theory, namely the emitting line radiative transfer (ELRT) method, for computing the infrared radiation characteristics of aeroengine exhaust nozzles.

Research on the Power Generation Performance of Solid-Liquid Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Surface Microstructure Modification.

Since 2015, research on liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerators (L-S TENGs) has shown steady growth, with the primary focus on application domains such as engineering, physics, materials science, and chemistry. These applications have underscored the significant attention L-S TENGs have garnered in areas like human-nature interaction, energy harvesting, data sensing, and enhancing living conditions. Presently, doping composite dielectric materials and surface modification techniques are the predominant methods for improving the power generation capacity of TENGs, particularly L-S TENGs.

Prediction of poor prognosis in patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy.

This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of procalcitonin (PCT), lactate (Lac), and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in predicting poor outcomes in sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) and develop a predictive model. Data from 96 SIC patients in Hebei General Hospital (September 2020-2023) were analyzed. Patients were divided into survival and death groups based on 28-day outcomes.