Single-Atom Iron Boosts Interfacial Oxygen Reduction for Self-Powered Photoelectrochemical Biosensing.

The sluggish interfacial reaction of the photocathode seriously hinders the application of self-powered photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems. In order to solve the above problem, iron single-atom catalysts (Fe SACs) were used to accelerate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the photocathode interface. It made dissolved oxygen and water circulate efficiently between the photoanode BiS and the photocathode CuO/CuSnS interface, inhibited photogenerated carrier recombination, and greatly enhanced the cathodic photocurrent.

Testing the mediating role of self-esteem on the relationship between parenting styles and subjective well-being of adolescents.

This study examines the complex interplay between parenting styles, self-esteem, and subjective well-being among impoverished adolescents in China, a demographic often marginalized in psycho-social research. Given the heightened vulnerability of this population to emotional and developmental challenges, understanding these dynamics is essential for designing effective interventions that address both economic hardship and psychological deprivation. Drawing on a sample of 1,262 adolescents from low-income urban and rural families in Q city, the research employs structural equation modeling to investigate how parenting practices influence well-being, with self-esteem as a mediating variable.

Integrated microfluidic cartridge for rapid and colorimetric detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia, yet its diagnosis remains challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other respiratory pathogens. In this study, an integrated microfluidic cartridge platform has been developed that combines three synergistic advancements: a chemical lysis reagent (GuHCl/EDTA) enabling direct genomic DNA release from M. pneumoniae collected by nasal swabs within 2 min without extraction steps, a novel dual-dye system (hydroxy naphthol blue/SYBR Green I) that leverages complementary fluorescence transitions from red to green for enhanced visual discrimination of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) results, and a smartphone-based RGB quantification algorithm to standardize interpretation by analyzing colorimetric changes.

Asymmetric synthesis of β-amino acid derivatives by stereocontrolled C(sp)-C(sp) cross-electrophile coupling via radical 1,2-nitrogen migration.

Optically pure non-natural β-amino acids are noteworthy molecular motifs of numerous pharmaceutically important molecules. Skeletal editing of abundant α-amino acid scaffolds via tandem radical 1,2-N-shift/cross-coupling represents a powerful tool to straightforward assemble new β-amino acid molecules; however, this strategy presents substantial challenges owing to difficulties in reactivity and regio-/enantiocontrol. Herein, we report a cross-electrophile C(sp)-C(sp) coupling of β-bromo α-amino acid esters with aryl bromides via a π-system-independent 1,2-N-shift, which allows access to α-arylated β-amino acid motifs with high efficiency and regioselectivity.

Hierarchical fine-grained multi-behavior recommendation with behavior-aware contrastive learning.

Real-life recommendation scenarios usually involve various interaction behaviors (e.g., click, cart, and purchase), carrying rich semantic information for learning multi-dimensional user preferences.

X-Aggregation Enhanced Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Terphenylamine.

Organic room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have drawn wide attention because of their unique photoluminescence performances. As is known, their molecular aggregation shows determined influences on their RTP performances. However, the regulation mechanism of the molecular aggregation is still unclear.

Asymmetric Cobalt Single-Atom Catalysts with Engineered Hydrophobic Microenvironment: A Reaction-Transport Coupled Strategy for Efficient Methyl Oleate Epoxidation.

The depletion of fossil resources and the urgent demand for biodegradable alternatives drive innovations in transforming renewable vegetable oils into high-value chemicals. Despite substantial progress in epoxidized vegetable oils (EVOs) as green alternatives to petrochemicals, this process remains hindered by low activity and/or selectivity. Herein, we present an effective strategy coupling intrinsically active asymmetric single-atom Co-N-O sites with an engineered hydrophobic microenvironment to overcome these challenges in methyl oleate epoxidation, a model reaction for vegetable oil conversion.

Dual-Plasmonic Yolk-Shell Au Nanoplate@CuSe Hollow Spheres for Enhanced Near-Infrared II Photothermal Conversion.

We report the design and synthesis of a dual-plasmonic yolk-shell nanostructure containing Au nanoplate@CuSe hollow spheres with tunable selenium (Se) content, engineered to enhance NIR-II photothermal conversion performance. The fabrication process begins with the high-yield synthesis of Au nanoplates, which serve as both a structural template and a plasmonic core. A conformal CuO layer is then grown on the Au nanoplate surface, followed by controlled selenization to convert CuO into CuSe, concurrently forming a yolk-shell architecture with a hollow interlayer.

Ultrasensitive Biosensor Based on Efficient Antifouling Interface and Dual Signal Amplification Strategy for Trace Detection of Thrombin in Serum.

The presence of a large number of interfering substances in complex biological samples can affect the detection sensitivity and accuracy of the sensors. To address the aforementioned issues, an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor based on an efficient antifouling interface and dual signal amplification strategy was developed for thrombin (TB) detection in serum samples. Specifically, poly-tannic acid doped polyaniline (PTA-PANI) was modified on the sensing interface as an antifouling film to resist nonspecific adsorption of interfering biomolecules in serum.

Improved double DQN with deep reinforcement learning for UAV indoor autonomous obstacle avoidance.

Aiming at the problems of insufficient autonomous obstacle avoidance performance of UAVs in complex indoor environments, an improved Double DQN algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed. The algorithm enhances the perception and learning capabilities by optimizing the network model and employs a dynamic exploration strategy that encourages exploration in the early stage and reduces it later to accelerate convergence and improve efficiency. Simulation experiments in two scenarios of varying complexity, using an indoor simulation environment built with AirSim and UE4(Unreal Engine 4), show that in the simpler scenario, the average cumulative reward increased by 22.

Has the establishment of national key ecological function areas reduced climate risk?

Climate risk is one of the important challenges facing the globe. To address the risks of ecological degradation and climate change, China has designated National Key Ecological Functional Areas (NKEFAs) in successive batches. As an important ecological policy for achieving environmental protection and spatial management, their establishment plays a crucial role in improving ecological conditions and mitigating climate risk.

Accelerated Crystallization of Zeolites via Solid Boron Free Radicals.

The highly efficient synthesis of titanium silicate-1 (TS-1) zeolite remains a challenge. In this work, solid boron free radicals within hexagonal boron nitride (-BN) were employed to accelerate the crystallization of TS-1. With the introduction of -BN (1-10 wt % of SiO) into the traditional hydrothermal synthesis system, TS-1 zeolite can be obtained within 6-24 h with yields of 90-96%.

A Fluorinated Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanopores Coating Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Self-healing Triboelectrification and Anti-corrosion.

The triboelectric layer is a key component affecting the performance of a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Herein, a TENG with a triboelectric layer possessing a fluorinated-anodic-alumina-nanopores structure was prepared. The nanopores structure can increase the contact area and thus increase the triboelectric output.

Flexible and durable programmable EMI shielding via shape memory layered EP foam induced by supercritical CO₂.

The growing prevalence of electromagnetic technologies has highlighted the critical need for adaptive shielding materials in modern communication systems. However, traditional composites are unable to cope with the dynamic electromagnetic environments found in critical applications such as aerospace and wearable technology. This study used supercritical CO₂ technology to prepare lightweight flexible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding foams with shape memory (SM) function, which achieved dynamic regulation of EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) through self-fixed deformation behavior.

Reusable Visualization Photoelectrochromic Molecularly Imprinting Chip Lower-Voltage Driven by Photoassisted Fuel Cells.

Visual sensors are extensively utilized in the domain of point-of-care testing (POCT), because of their key benefit of providing results that are simple to interpret. Electrochromic materials, as an essential component of visual sensors, have a large driving voltage, which is an important limiting factor affecting the detection performance of such sensors. In this study, a reusable, portable, and self-powered visual sensor was developed, integrating a photoassisted fuel cell (PFC) as a portable power source (signal generation region, SG region) and an ultralow voltage driven photochromic/electrochromic visualization part (signal output region, SO region) as a color display component.

Vacancy Engineering of Fe-Doped CoNiS@CC Boosting the Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Overall Water Splitting.

Transition metal sulfides have emerged as promising alternatives to precious metal catalysts for sustainable electrocatalytic hydrogen production. However, achieving simultaneous optimization of active site exposure and vacancy-electron interplay remains a critical challenge. Herein, we develop a dual-regulation strategy integrating Fe-doping and high-temperature annealing to synthesize sulfur-deficient Fe-doped CoNiS@CC nanocatalysts (Fe-CoNiS@CC).

Regulation of MXene Membranes with β-Lactoglobulin Nanofiber-Templated CuS Nanoparticles for Photothermal Antibacterial Effect.

Developing advanced antimicrobial agents is critically imperative to address antibiotic-resistant infection crises. MXenes have emerged as a potential nanomedicine for antibacterial applications, but they suffer from suboptimal photothermal conversion efficiency and inherent cytotoxicity. Herein, we report the synthesis of MXene (TiC)-based nanohybrids and hybrid membranes through firstly interfacial conjugation of self-assembled β-lactoglobulin nanofibers (β-LGNFs)-inspired copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) onto MXene nanosheets, and subsequent vacuum filtration of the created β-LGNF-CuS/MXene nanohybrids.

WCS-YOLOv8s: an improved YOLOv8s model for target identification and localization throughout the strawberry growth process.

Introduction: To enhance the quality and yield of strawberries, it is essential to effectively supervise the entire growing process. Currently, the monitoring of strawberry growth primarily relies on manual identification and positioning methods. This approach presents several challenges, including low efficiency, high labor intensity, time consumption, elevated costs, and a lack of standardized monitoring protocols.

SOX9 siRNA Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Actively Targeted: Formulation, Delivery, and Antitumor Effect on Colorectal Cancer and .

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapy, which silences disease-associated genes, has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for various disorders, including cancer. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have become a leading platform for efficient siRNA delivery. SOX9, a family member of SRY-related high-mobility-group box (SOX) transcription factors, plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Programmed sequential nanostructural conversion at nano-bio interface for synergistic cancer phototheranostics.

Prodrugs usually convert into active compounds within cells via endogenous or external stimuli to improve the diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy, but this singular release profile often fails to meet the multifunctional needs of cancer therapeutics. In this study we proposed a strategy of "nanostructural conversion at nano-bio interface" and constructed a small-molecule nanoprodrug (APO-S-Cy7-TCF) for multifunctional anti-tumor phototheranostics. Upon exposure to redox biomolecules (ROS/GSH) in tumor microenvironment, the pristine nanostructure of APO-S-Cy7-TCF disassembled, releasing Cy7-TCF-OH and APO that interacted with heat shock proteins to initiate apoptosis.

Click, assemble, destroy: Bioorthogonal surface programming of nanophotosensitizers for precision cancer therapy.

Phototherapy, a cutting-edge non-invasive cancer treatment, excels in precision and safety but suffers from poor tumor targeting. Bioorthogonal chemistry revolutionizes this field by enabling artificial molecular targets with unparalleled specificity to overcome these limitations and unlock its full therapeutic potential. Leveraging this unique capability, we designed a novel single-component phototherapeutic agent (C-SS-D) that integrates bioorthogonal reactivity to enhance tumor-specific delivery.

Discovery of anthraquinone-triazene derivatives as novel antitumor agents causing DNA damage.

In this study, 40 anthraquinone-triazene derivatives were designed, and AT-9 and AT-10 were screened out as potential antitumor candidates based on their strong binding affinities to DNA and topoisomerase II using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Antiproliferative assays revealed that AT-9 and AT-10 exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on A549 and HeLa cell lines compared to the reference mitoxantrone. The binding modes of AT-9 and AT-10 with DNA were confirmed by spectra and gel electrophoresis.

Supramolecular hydrogel mediated photoelectrochemical/electrochemiluminescence dual-mode biosensor based on TiO/CdInS/CdS for sensitive detection of enrofloxacin.

In this paper, a new photoelectrochemical (PEC) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) dual-mode biosensor based on TiO/CdInS/CdS (TO/CIS/CdS) composite and a unique supramolecular hydrogel quenching probe was constructed for sensitive detection of enrofloxacin (ENR). Firstly, TO/CIS/CdS showed excellent PEC and ECL dual signals, which was applied to dual-mode sensing and detection. By using cyclic amplification and magnetic separation techniques, target ENR was converted into a large number of product chains with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), and acidolysis was carried out to obtain zinc ions.

Recent Advances in Flexible Sensors for Neural Interfaces: Multimodal Sensing, Signal Integration, and Closed-Loop Feedback.

The rapid advancement of flexible sensor technology has profoundly transformed neural interface research, enabling multimodal information acquisition, real-time neurochemical and electrophysiological signal monitoring, and adaptive closed-loop regulation. This review systematically summarizes recent developments in flexible materials and microstructural designs optimized for enhanced biocompatibility, mechanical compliance, and sensing performance. We highlight the progress in integrated sensing systems capable of simultaneously capturing electrophysiological, mechanical, and neurochemical signals.