JS-K enhances renal cell carcinoma radiosensitivity through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inhibits DNA damage repair.

The study investigated the effect of the glutathione S-transferase-activated nitric oxide donor JS-K [O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate] to enhance the sensitivity of renal cancer cells to radiation therapy. JS-K has shown promising anti-tumor effects in various types of tumors; however, research on its role in cancer radioresistance is limited. The traditional concept is that renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has inherent resistance to radiation.

Construction and screening of L-valine high-yielding using an artificial screening marker.

Introduction: L-valine is commonly utilized in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food additives, and animal feeds. The selection and breeding of high-yielding, low-cost, and genetically stable production strains have become a key objective in the L-valine production industry.

Methods: Using DB-1-1, we developed a screening marker LESG associated with intracellular L-valine levels by choosing GTC, a less common codon for L-valine, in place of all L-valine codons.

Identification of childhood-onset lupus nephritis through integrative bioinformatics: otoferlin as a novel biomarker.

Background: Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) exhibits a higher incidence of lupus nephritis (LN) compared to adult-onset SLE (aSLE). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive.

Methods: Gene expression datasets from childhood-onset (GSE65391) and adult-onset (GSE72798) LN patients were obtained.

WCS-YOLOv8s: an improved YOLOv8s model for target identification and localization throughout the strawberry growth process.

Introduction: To enhance the quality and yield of strawberries, it is essential to effectively supervise the entire growing process. Currently, the monitoring of strawberry growth primarily relies on manual identification and positioning methods. This approach presents several challenges, including low efficiency, high labor intensity, time consumption, elevated costs, and a lack of standardized monitoring protocols.

The multifaceted role of exosomes in ferroptosis-associated diseases and its potential applications.

Ferroptosis, a newly identified type of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is crucial in multiple pathological conditions. While it shows potential as a therapeutic target for various diseases, numerous mysteries surrounding its mechanisms persist, underscoring the need for further research into therapy and prevention strategies. Exosomes, key players in intercellular communication, are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential.

Bimetallic Fe, Ru-doped Zn-Centered Organic Framework Mesoporous Carbon for Single-Wavelength Near-Infrared-Induced Photothermal/Photodynamic Synergistic Therapy.

Single-wavelength synergistic photothermal/photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT) is gradually emerging in cancer treatment, with the key limitation being the photosensitizer. In this work, a metal-organic framework-derived mesoporous carbon with zinc centers and doped with iron and ruthenium, exhibiting porphyrin-like properties (denoted as Fe-Ru-ZIF), was successfully synthesized via a green, simple, and mild hydrothermal reaction. The effects of various Fe:Ru doping ratios on the morphology, structure, and PTT/PDT of Fe-Ru-ZIF were studied.

Palmitoylation Dynamics in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Multi-Omics Insights and Potential Therapeutic Implications.

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by immune dysregulation. The role of palmitoylation in regulating immune responses and its contribution to SLE pathogenesis remains insufficiently understood.

Methods: We conducted a multi-omics analysis using the GSE61635 dataset to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SLE.

High-throughput screening of Aureobasidium pullulans for high β-glucan production using UV mutagenesis combined with artificial fluorescent labeling.

Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) is a yeast-like fungus that produces β-glucan, an exopolysaccharide, during its fermentation. However, there is currently a lack of high-throughput screening and breeding methods for high β-glucan-producing A.

Enhancing 10-HDA production of by heterologous expression of MexHID transporter proteins.

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is a medium-chain α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid that exists in royal jelly with terminal hydroxylation. It has a broad market value because of its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-radiation, and other active functions. The one-step whole-cell catalytic synthesis of 10-HDA by constructing engineered strains has improved the reaction rate to a certain extent compared with the previous two-step method.

Exosomes as immunomodulators in autoimmune inflammation: implications for primary Sjögren's disease.

Primary Sjögren's disease (pSD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction and lymphocytic infiltration, leading to dry mouth and eyes. Increasing evidence implicates extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes, as critical mediators of immune regulation in pSD. This review outlines the biogenesis, molecular composition, and immunomodulatory functions of exosomes, and summarizes their emerging roles in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and potential treatment of pSD.

Potential Role of SESN3 in Linking Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Autophagy Dysregulation.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly recognized as a systemic disorder, often coexisting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to identify the shared pathogenic mechanisms between HFpEF and COPD and validate them in an experimental HFpEF model. Transcriptomic datasets from HFpEF cardiac tissue and COPD lung tissue were analyzed using differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and functional enrichment analysis.

Efficacy and safety of Shuxuening injection in patients with unstable angina: a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of adjunct Shuxuening Injection (SXN) on conventional therapy in patients with unstable angina (UA) which provides a complementary choice and its evidence for clinical medication for treating UA.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 469 patients with UA from 25 hospitals in China who had an episode of angina within 48 hours were randomly assigned 3:1 to SXN and placebo group for 10 days in addition to conventional treatment. The primary outcome is the frequency of angina pectoris attacks after 10 days of intervention.

The integration of single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics reveals the tumor microenvironment and spatial organization of testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.

Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (PT-DLBCL) are a collection of 1%-9% of testicular tumors. However, the characterization of the tumor microenvironment and spatial organization of PT-DLBCL is poorly understood. We profiled the transcriptomes of 19,559 single cells derived from a PT-DLBCL patient via single-cell RNA sequencing.

CellLENS enables cross-domain information fusion for enhanced cell population delineation in single-cell spatial omics data.

Delineating cell populations is crucial for understanding immune function in health and disease. Spatial omics technologies offer insights by capturing three complementary domains: single-cell molecular biomarker expression, cellular spatial relationships and tissue architecture. However, current computational methods often fail to fully integrate these multidimensional data, particularly for immune cell populations and intrinsic functional states.

JS-K induces ferroptosis in renal carcinoma cells by regulating the c-Myc-GSTP1 Axis.

JS-K is a precursor drug of nitric oxide (NO) and inhibits tumor growth through various mechanisms. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death closely related to lipid peroxidation, is increasingly being recognized for its role in cancer biology. However, the relevance of ferroptosis in the anti-tumor effects of JS-K is yet to be defined.

PCP protein Prickle 1 regulates Sertoli cell and testis function via cytoskeletal organization through the recruitment of multiple regulatory proteins.

Prickle 1, an ortholog found in , was localized at the Sertoli cell-spermatid interface consistent with its role of supporting the Vangl2 planar cell polarity (PCP), which is an integral membrane protein that creates the PCP protein complex of Vangl2 (Van Gogh-like 2)/Prickle1. Together with the asymmetrically localized transmembrane protein Frizzled (Fzd) and its unique adaptor proteins Disheveled (Dvl) and Inversin (Inv), Vangl2/Prickle1 and Fzd/Dvl/Inv are the two heterodimeric interacting PCP proteins between Sertoli cells and condensed spermatids to confer spermatid PCP across the plane of the seminiferous epithelium. Our initial intention was to examine if the distribution and expression of Prickle1 using a primary Sertoli cell in vitro model and Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo would mimic much of the earlier reported findings of Vangl2.

Microtubule-Associated Proteins (MAPs) Are Multifunctional Cytoskeletal Proteins in the Testis That Regulate Spermatogenesis.

Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) refer to a large superfamily of proteins that bind to microtubules (MTs) structurally, modulating the rapid transition of MTs from a stable state (polymerized) to shrinkage (or catastrophe) via depolymerization through a meta-stable state. Changes of MTs from an assembled structure as linear protofilaments that are a packed/bundled ultrastructure to disassembled subunits of heterodimers of α-/ß-tubulins (or oligomers) can take place in milliseconds within a living cell. These heterodimers can also be rapidly phosphorylated, becoming GTP-bound, or rapidly polymerized into linear protofilaments of MT again.

Interacting Fat1 and Dchs Planar Cell Polarity Proteins Supported by Fjx1 Serve as Heterodimeric Intercellular Bridges Crucial to Support Spermatogenesis.

Studies of the planar cell polarity (PCP) protein complexes Fat1/Fjx1 and Dchs/Fjx1 that form heterotypic interacting bridges of Fat1-Dchs between adjacent cells to confer PCP, as noted in Drosophila, are also found in mammalian cells and tissues as orthologs, such as in Sertoli cells and condensed spermatids in the seminiferous epithelium of the testis. Recent studies have shown that these two interacting PCP protein complexes are also crucial regulators of microtubule and actin dynamics, modulating the polymerization of both microtubules and actin filaments in the testis. In this review, we provide a brief update and thought-provoking concept on the PCP core proteins and the associated downstream signaling pathways utilized by PCP proteins to confer PCP and regulation of the microtubule and actin cytoskeletons in the testis.

A randomized, open-label study on the effect of nipocalimab on vaccine responses in healthy participants.

Nipocalimab, a human immunoglobulin G (IgG) 1 monoclonal antibody, selectively binds the IgG-binding site on the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and blocks IgG recycling, reducing IgG levels without impacting antigen presentation or T-/B-cell functions. In this phase 1, open-label study, we assessed the effect of nipocalimab on IgG response in healthy adults receiving T-cell-dependent/-independent vaccines (ie, tetanus toxoid [TT], diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine [Tdap] and 23-polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine [PPSV®23], respectively). Participants received either no drug (control) or intravenous nipocalimab (30 mg/kg at Week 0; 15 mg/kg at Weeks 2 and 4).

3D/1D Perovskite Heterojunction for High-Performance Direct X-ray Detector.

Due to the strong X-ray attenuation coefficient, high carrier mobility-lifetime product, remarkable detection efficiency, and high-resolution imaging capability, metal halide perovskites have attracted increasing attention in the field of X-ray detection, known as promising candidates for next-generation high-performance radiation monitoring semiconductor materials. However, critical challenges, such as high dark current and pronounced ion migration, particularly in 3D perovskites, hinder their practical applications. Here, a unique 3D/1D perovskite heterojunction is presented as an effective strategy to address these limitations, where a distinctive, crisscross-structured 1D perovskite crystal with a planar and smooth surface is synthesized to form a robust interface with the 3D perovskite crystal.

Prioritizing endocrine-disrupting chemicals targeting systemic lupus erythematosus genes via Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease, with both genetic and environmental influences contributing to its development. Among environmental factors, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), present in plastics, pesticides, and personal care products, have been implicated in immune disruption. This study investigated the interactions between EDCs and SLE-associated genes to elucidate their role in SLE susceptibility.

A machine learning model for hub-height short-term wind speed prediction.

Accurate short-term wind speed prediction is crucial for maintaining the safe, stable, and efficient operation of wind power systems. We propose a multivariate meteorological data fusion wind prediction network (MFWPN) to study fine-grid vector wind speed prediction, taking Northeast China as an example. Results show that MFWPN outperforms the ECMWF-HRES model regarding vector wind speed prediction accuracy within the first 6 h.

Identification of as a Key Biomarker Linking Iron Metabolism and Dendritic Cell Activation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Through Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by aberrant immune activation and disrupted iron metabolism, yet the molecular mediators that govern both processes remain unclear. This study aims to identify pivotal genes that modulate immune responses and iron metabolism, and to delineate their contributions to SLE pathogenesis.

Methods: Differentially expressed genes related to iron metabolism (IM-DEGs) were identified using datasets (GSE72326, GSE110169, GSE126307, and GSE50772) from the GEO database and the MSigDB.

STAT1 mediates the pro-inflammatory role of GBP5 in colitis.

Previous studies establish guanylate binding protein 5 (GBP5) as a driver in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Here, we aim to elucidate the mechanism underlying the pro-inflammatory role of GBP5. We observe that loss of Gbp5 causes reduced colonic inflammation and decreased numbers of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in colitis mice.

Multimodal metagenomic analysis reveals microbial InDels as superior biomarkers for pediatric Crohn's disease.

Background And Aims: The gut microbiome is closely associated with pediatric Crohn's disease (CD), while the multidimensional microbial signature and their capabilities for distinguishing pediatric CD are underexplored. This study aims to characterize the microbial alterations in pediatric CD and develop a robust classification model.

Methods: A total of 1175 fecal metagenomic sequencing samples, predominantly from 3 cohorts of pediatric CD patients, were re-analyzed from raw sequencing data using uniform process pipelines to obtain multidimensional microbial alterations in pediatric CD, including taxonomic profiles, functional profiles, and multi-type genetic variants.