Construction and screening of L-valine high-yielding using an artificial screening marker.

Introduction: L-valine is commonly utilized in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food additives, and animal feeds. The selection and breeding of high-yielding, low-cost, and genetically stable production strains have become a key objective in the L-valine production industry.

Methods: Using DB-1-1, we developed a screening marker LESG associated with intracellular L-valine levels by choosing GTC, a less common codon for L-valine, in place of all L-valine codons.

Molecular basis of human taurine transporter uptake and inhibition.

The taurine transporter, TauT, regulates various taurine-mediated physiological and pathological functions by facilitating taurine uptake in a sodium- and chloride-dependent manner. Dysfunction of TauT is associated with male infertility, retinal health and cancers. Despite extensive research efforts, the intricate structure of TauT, the molecular mechanisms underlying taurine transport, and the inhibition mechanisms involved, all remain elusive.

Ultra-sensitive detection of microRNA in intraocular fluid using optical fiber sensing technology for central nervous system lymphoma diagnosis.

MicroRNA (miRNA) in aqueous humor holds significant promise as a non-invasive biomarker of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), enabling early diagnosis and prognosis. However, current methods for miRNA detection often suffer from limitations affecting sensitivity, specificity, and clinical applicability. This study introduces a novel black phosphorus (BP)-enhanced fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance sensor integrated with a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas13a system for ultrasensitive and single-base-specific detection of PCNSL-associated miRNA in aqueous humor.

Intracellular self-assembly and metabolite analysis of key enzymes for L-lysine synthesis based on key components of cellulosomes.

Introduction: Cellulosome is a natural multi-enzyme complex in the extracellular space of anaerobic microorganisms, which has the advantages of small molecular weight, multiple binding sites, and strong designability. This study aimed to explore the influence of intracellular self-assembly complexes on L-lysine biosynthesis.

Methods: Two novel L-lysine-engineered bacteria modification strategies were designed, considering the L-lysine biosynthesis pathway using DocA-S3/Coh as an efficient intracellular assembly element: pairwise assembly of key enzymes in cells and multi-enzyme assembly based on scaffolding proteins.

Effect of different solution chemistry conditions on the transport of tire additives in porous media.

The widespread use of tire additives, coupled with inadequate regulatory measures and potential toxicity and ecological risks, posing a wide range of environmental risks. In this study, the transport behavior of three tire additives (i.e.

Association of breastfeeding duration with cardiac structure and function in 4 years old.

Background: Breast milk is an important source of nutrition for infant development. But few studies have investigated the relationship between breastfeeding duration and children's cardiac structure and function.

Objectives: To assess the association of the duration of breastfeeding in infancy with cardiac structures and functions in 4-year-old children.

Facilitated transport of Cd(II) by plasma-modified microplastics: Influence of surface functional groups and interaction mechanisms.

Discharge plasma is gaining increasing attention in environmental science due to its advanced oxidative properties. While discharge plasma is capable of degrading most of the pollutants in contaminated water, it is not effective in degrading the accompanying microplastics (MPs). Notably, residual MPs in plasma-treated water may become carriers of other pollutants in the environment.

Association of Maternal Whole Blood Selenium with Cardiac Structure at 4 y of Age: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study.

Background: Currently, little is known about the relationship between maternal blood selenium levels and offspring cardiac structure.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association of maternal whole blood selenium levels during early pregnancy with children's cardiac structure at 4 y of age.

Methods: Using data from the Shanghai Birth Cohort, this study analyzed the data from 956 mother-child pairs.

Association of secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy with left ventricle structure and function in offspring at 4 years old: a prospective birth cohort study.

Background: The association of secondhand smoke exposure during pregnancy with childhood cardiac alterations remains insufficiently elucidated. This study aims to explore the correlation between maternal passive smoking during gestation with cardiac structure and function of offspring.

Methods: 1089 mother-offspring pairs from the Shanghai Birth Cohort were included.

Molecular basis for the regulation of human phosphorylase kinase by phosphorylation and Ca.

Phosphorylase kinase (PhK) regulates the degradation of glycogen by integrating diverse signals, providing energy to the organism. Dysfunctional mutations may directly lead to Glycogen Storage Disease type IX (GSD IX), whereas the abnormal expression of PhK is also associated with tumors. Here, we use cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to resolve its near-atomic structures in the inactive and active states.

Prenatal exposure to essential metals and blood pressure at preschool age: A birth cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the association between prenatal exposure to essential metals and the offspring blood pressure (BP) at preschool age.

Materials And Methods: Data from a birth cohort study including 1113 mother-child pairs were analyzed. The associations between individual prenatal essential elements and offspring BP were analyzed using generalized linear regression models.

A Fully Saturated Covalent Organic Framework.

We report the design and synthesis of the first aliphatic covalent organic framework (COF), NUS-119, and its subsequent conversion to NUS-120, marking the first fully saturated COF. NUS-119 is built by imine-linkages exhibiting high crystallinity and porosity, achieved by using a Lewis acid as a reaction modulator to circumvent compatibility issues between the Brønsted acid and the strong basic monomer. The structure was successfully solved using 3D microelectron diffraction (microED) techniques.

Transport of microplastics treated with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in saturated porous media.

The performance of discharge plasma in treating organic pollutants and micro-organisms in water is impressive. When discharge plasma is used to treat polluted water containing organic pollutants and microorganisms, the presence of a certain amount of microplastics (MPs) in the water is unavoidable due to the complexity of the components contained in the water and the prevalence of MPs. MPs, as one of the pollutants that are difficult to be degraded by discharge plasma, undergo physical and chemical changes that increase their risk in the environment after treatment.

Estimating Air Change Rate in Mechanically Ventilated Classrooms Using a Single CO Sensor and Automated Data Segmentation.

With a growing emphasis on indoor air quality (IAQ) in educational environments, CO monitoring in classrooms has become commonplace. CO data can be used to estimate outdoor air change rate (ACH) based on the mass balance principle, which can be further linked to human health, performance, and building energy consumption. This study used a novel machine learning method to automatically segment CO concentration time series data into build-up, equilibrium, and decay periods, and then estimated classroom ACH using the corresponding CO mass balance equations.

Association between physical activity and cardiovascular parameters in 7-year-old children: a Chinese cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is believed to play an important part in many aspects during childhood and adolescence, especially cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health. However, whether different levels of PA in daily life influence the structure or function of heart in school-aged children remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between PA and cardiovascular parameters in 7-year-old children.

Evolution of topological singularities below the light line in momentum space.

Polarization singularities that exist in momentum space have brought new opportunities in various fields such as enhanced optical nonlinearity, structured laser sources, and light field manipulation. However, previous researches have predominantly focused on the polarization singularities above the light line, because they have no leakage and are referred to bound states in the continuum. Here, by extending the polarization fields to Fourier components of the evanescent field on a dielectric metasurface, polarization singularities of different Fourier orders are discovered below the light line.

Learning Joint 2-D and 3-D Graph Diffusion Models for Complete Molecule Generation.

Designing new molecules is essential for drug discovery and material science. Recently, deep generative models that aim to model molecule distribution have made promising progress in narrowing down the chemical research space and generating high-fidelity molecules. However, current generative models only focus on modeling 2-D bonding graphs or 3-D geometries, which are two complementary descriptors for molecules.

The synergistic effect of typical chiral organic acids and solution chemistry conditions on the transport of 2-arylpropionic acid chiral derivatives in porous media.

The hazards of man-made chiral compounds are of great public concern, with reports of worrying stereoselective compounds and an urgent need to assess their transport. This study evaluated the transport of 2-arylpropionic acid derivatives enantiomers (2-APA) in porous media under a variety of solution chemistry conditions via column packing assays. The results revealed the introduction of Malic acid (MA) enantiomers enhanced the mobility of 2-APA enantiomers, but the enhancement effect was different for different 2-APA enantiomers.

Exploring the impact of prenatal perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure on blood pressure in early childhood: A longitudinal analysis.

Previous research investigating the correlation between prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and subsequent blood pressure (BP) in offspring has yielded limited and contradictory findings. This study was conducted to investigate the potential relationship between maternal PFAS levels during pregnancy and subsequent BP in early childhood. A total of 129 expectant mothers from the Shanghai Birth Cohort were included in the study.

Stereoselective transport of 2-aryl propionic acid enantiomers in porous media subjected to chiral organic acids.

The study examined the transport behavior of the 2-aryl propionic acid (2-APA) chiral pharmaceutical enantiomers by means of a laboratory-scale saturated quartz sand column experiment. Four typical of 2-APA and their enantiomers were selected for the study under different types of chiral organic acids (COAs)-mediated effects. Differences in the transport of the 2-APA enantiomeric pairs have been identified in response to various pH, types of COAs, and enantiomeric structures of COAs.

Biosynthesis of 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic Acid through a One-Step Whole-Cell Catalysis.

10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is an important component of royal jelly, known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, blood pressure-lowering, and antiradiation effects. Currently, 10-HDA biosynthesis is limited by the substrate selectivity of acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, which restricts the technique to a two-step process. This study aimed to develop an efficient and simplified method for synthesizing 10-HDA.

Perfluoroalkyl substances in umbilical cord blood and blood pressure in offspring: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Humans are widely exposed to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have been found to be associated with various adverse birth outcomes. As blood pressure (BP) is an important parameter reflecting cardiovascular health in early life, it is necessary to investigate the association of PFAS exposure during early lifetime and BP in childhood. Therefore, we investigated the potential association between PFAS levels in umbilical cord blood and BP of the offspring at 4 years of age in a prospective cohort study.

Platform-agnostic electrochemical sensing app and companion potentiostat.

Electrochemical sensing is ubiquitous in a number of fields ranging from biosensing, to environmental monitoring through to food safety and battery or corrosion characterisation. Whereas conventional potentiostats are ideal to develop assays in laboratory settings, they are in general, not well-suited for field work due to their size and power requirements. To address this need, a number of portable battery-operated potentiostats have been proposed over the years.

Stable continuous-wave lasing from discrete cesium lead bromide quantum dots embedded in a microcavity.

All-inorganic cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr) quantum dots (QDs) with high photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency have been reported as ideal gain materials for high-performance lasers. Nevertheless, isolated CsPbBr QDs have not achieved lasing emission (LE) due to finite absorption cross-section. Here, we demonstrate continuous-wave lasing of isolated CsPbBr QDs embedded in a microcavity.