Cyclometalating Ligand Affords NIR Absorption in Ruthenium Complexes for Type-I Photodynamic Therapy.

The development of NIR photosensitizers (PSs) based on Ru complexes with Type-I process holds substantial promise for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer, though this breakthrough remains unrealized to date. Herein, a pair of cyclometalated Ru enantiomers, [Λ/Δ-Ru-dqpy-TPABP]Cl (dqpy: 2,6-di(quinolin-2-yl)pyridine; TPABP: 4-(4-(pyridine-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-7-yl)triphenylamine) (Λ/Δ-Ru-TPABP), were synthesized and evaluated. These complexes exhibit strong Ru(d) and TPABP(π) → dqpy(π*) charge transfer ((metal and ligand)-ligand charge transfer; ML-LCT) absorption at ∼640 nm, with an extended absorption tail reaching up to 800 nm.

Self-Assembled Ruthenium-Amino Acid Conjugates Enable Endoplasmic Reticulum-Nucleus Cascade Targeting for Cell Pyroptosis and DNA Destruction.

The distinct photophysical and photochemical properties of ruthenium (Ru) complexes have made them potent therapeutic agents in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) for tumors. Simple synthesis, precise self-assembly delivery and specific subcellular distribution are essential for Ru complexes but remain significant challenges. Herein, a simple building block, Fmoc-methionine (Fmoc-M), is directly coordinated with a Ru center to construct a pH and light responsive Ru-amino acid conjugate (FmocRu), which directly self-assembles into nanoparticles, thus avoiding using polymeric and inorganic nanocarriers.

Photodynamic therapy promotes hypoxia-activated nitrogen mustard drug release.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising method for tumor treatment due to its non-invasive and high spatiotemporal selectivity. However, PDT is still hindered by reactive oxygen species deficiency, because solid tumors feature a hypoxic microenvironment. PDT combined with hypoxia-activated chemotherapy drugs can effectively induce tumor death, overcoming the limitations of the sole PDT for the fight against hypoxia.

Progress of biomass gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis to aviation kerosene.

With the implementation of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), the route of biomass gasification followed by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) to aviation kerosene has received widespread attention, which decreases human dependence on fossil fuels and meets the increasingly stringent carbon emission requirements. Although many reviews exist on biomass to aviation kerosene, few comprehensively integrate recent advancements in biomass gasification and FTS reaction mechanisms, which are the basis of product distribution regulation for jet fuel. This review fills this gap by providing a detailed analysis of the reaction mechanisms, catalysts, and production processes from biomass gasification to FTS process.

Sirt6 deficiency exacerbates angiotensin II-induced lipid nephrotoxicity by affecting PLD6-derived cardiolipin metabolism in podocytes.

Background And Aims: Perturbation of cardiolipin (CL) metabolism is associated with lipid nephrotoxicity. Recent findings provide new insights into the roles of CL-modulating proteins as critical determinants of podocyte function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We previously demonstrated that Sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) is a compelling target inhibiting Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced lipid dysregulation in podocytes.

Design and Motion Analysis of a Soft Modular Robot for Diverse Environments.

This article introduces the design and development of a modular soft robot capable of performing multiple movement modes. The core unit module features a four-chamber soft structure, separated by a cross-shaped thin plate. By selectively applying pneumatic pressure to different chambers and changing connector configurations, the robot achieves diverse modular configurations and movement modes, enabling it to adapt to various environments.

Biomass Cellulose-Derived Carbon Aerogel Supported Magnetite-Copper Bimetallic Heterogeneous Fenton-like Catalyst Towards the Boosting Redox Cycle of ≡Fe(III)/≡Fe(II).

To degrade high-concentration and toxic organic effluents, we developed Fe-Cu active sites loaded on biomass-source carbon aerogel (CA) to produce a low-cost and high-efficiency magnetic Fenton-like catalyst for the catalytic oxidative decomposition of organic pollutants. It exhibits excellent performance in catalytic Fenton-like reactions for RhB removal at an ultrahigh initial concentration of up to 1000 ppm. To be specific, FeO and Cu nanoparticles are generated in situ on a mesoporous CA support, denoted as an FeO-Cu/CA catalyst.

Grain Boundary Strengthening Achieves Extraordinary Module Efficiency in GeTe-Based Thermoelectric Materials.

The most common planar defects in GeTe thermoelectric materials include grain boundaries, phase boundaries, twin boundaries, and stacking faults, all of which have a significant impact on phonon and carrier transport. Here, the simultaneous achievement of high zT and robust mechanical strength in highly alloyed GeTe are reported. By Cd doping and CuSe-PbSe co-alloying, they formed dense nano-grain boundaries and point defects that significantly strengthen the phonon scattering and approach the amorphous limit of lattice thermal conductivity.

A machine learning model for hub-height short-term wind speed prediction.

Accurate short-term wind speed prediction is crucial for maintaining the safe, stable, and efficient operation of wind power systems. We propose a multivariate meteorological data fusion wind prediction network (MFWPN) to study fine-grid vector wind speed prediction, taking Northeast China as an example. Results show that MFWPN outperforms the ECMWF-HRES model regarding vector wind speed prediction accuracy within the first 6 h.

USP22 promotes angiotensin II-induced podocyte injury by deubiquitinating and stabilizing HMGB1.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a significant global health burden, with hypertensive nephropathy (HN) as one of its primary causes. Podocyte injury is a key factor in the progression of CKD. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying angiotensin II-induced podocyte injury remain incompletely understood.

PIEZO1-Mediated Calcium Signaling and Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Key Points: Diabetic kidney disease progression was associated with increased Piezo1 expression in podocytes. Specific Piezo1 deletion alleviated podocyte injury in diabetic models. Piezo1 contributes to podocyte injury through nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic 1–transient receptor potential cation channel 6 signaling.

Attention activation network for bearing fault diagnosis under various noise environments.

Bearings are critical in mechanical systems, as their health impacts system reliability. Proactive monitoring and diagnosing of bearing faults can prevent significant safety issues. Among various diagnostic methods that analyze bearing vibration signals, deep learning is notably effective.

Spatiotemporal Multivariate Weather Prediction Network Based on CNN-Transformer.

Weather prediction is of great significance for human daily production activities, global extreme climate prediction, and environmental protection of the Earth. However, the existing data-based weather prediction methods cannot adequately capture the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the target region, which makes it difficult for the existing methods to meet practical application requirements in terms of efficiency and accuracy. Changes in weather involve both strongly correlated spatial and temporal continuation relationships, and at the same time, the variables interact with each other, so capturing the dynamic correlations among space, time, and variables is particularly important for accurate weather prediction.

RBBP6-Mediated ERRα Degradation Contributes to Mitochondrial Injury in Renal Tubular Cells in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), a major precursor to end-stage renal disease, involves mitochondrial dysfunction in proximal renal tubular cells (PTCs), contributing to its pathogenesis. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is essential for mitochondrial integrity in PTCs, yet its regulation in DKD is poorly understood. This study investigates ERRα expression and its regulatory mechanisms in DKD, assessing its therapeutic potential.

Sonoinduced Tumor Therapy and Metastasis Inhibition by a Ruthenium Complex with Dual Action: Superoxide Anion Sensitization and Ligand Fracture.

Photoresponsive ruthenium(II) complexes have recently emerged as a promising tool for synergistic photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy in oncology, as well as for antimicrobial applications. However, the limited penetration power of photons prevents the treatment of deep-seated lesions. In this study, we introduce a sonoresponsive ruthenium complex capable of generating superoxide anion (O) via type I process and initiating a ligand fracture process upon ultrasound triggering.

ESRRA modulation by empagliflozin mitigates diabetic tubular injury via mitochondrial restoration.

Background: The protection of the diabetic kidney by Empagliflozin (EMPA) is attributed to its interaction with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 located on proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs). Estrogen-related receptor α (ESRRA), known for its high expression in PTECs and association with mitochondrial biogenesis, plays a crucial role in this process. This study aimed to explore the impact of ESRRA on mitochondrial mass in diabetic tubular injury and elucidate the mechanism underlying the protective effects of EMPA.

Blockade of STARD3-mediated cholesterol transport alleviates diabetes-induced podocyte injury by reducing mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation.

Aims: Steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR)-related lipid transfer domain-3 (STARD3) is a sterol-binding protein that facilitates cholesterol transport between cellular organelles. Cholesterol accumulation in podocytes directly contributes to the pathogenesis of albuminuria and renal injury under the condition of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The aim of this study is to determine the role of STARD3 on the intracellular distribution of cholesterol within podocytes.

BiTe-Based Thermoelectric Modules for Efficient and Reliable Low-Grade Heat Recovery.

Bismuth-telluride-based alloy has long been considered as the most promising candidate for low-grade waste heat power generation. However, optimizing the thermoelectric performance of n-type BiTe is more challenging than that of p-type counterparts due to its greater sensitivity to texture, and thus limits the advancement of thermoelectric modules. Herein, the thermoelectric performance of n-type BiTe is enhanced by incorporating a small amount of CuGaTe, resulting in a peak ZT of 1.

STING contributes to lipopolysaccharide-induced tubular cell inflammation and pyroptosis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in acute kidney injury.

Recently, innate immunity and inflammation were recognized as the key factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis, which is closely related to high mortality. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has emerged as a critical component of innate immune and inflammatory responses. However, the role of STING in the pathogenesis of septic AKI remains unclear.

CALPHAD accelerated design of advanced full-Zintl thermoelectric device.

Since thermoelectric materials have different physical and chemical properties, the design of contact layers requires dedicated efforts, and the welding temperatures are distinctly different. Therefore, a general interface design and connection technology can greatly facilitate the development of thermoelectric devices. Herein, we proposed a screening strategy for the contact materials based on the calculation of phase diagram method, and MgNi has been identified as a matched contact layer for n-type MgSb-based materials.

Thickened Perirenal Fat Predicts Poor Renal Outcome in Patients with Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Perirenal fat is a pad that fills the retroperitoneal space outside the kidney, which affects kidney function in various ways. However, the association between perirenal fat and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the role of perirenal fat in predicting IgAN progression.

Improved Thermoelectric Performance of p-Type PbTe by Entropy Engineering and Temperature-Dependent Precipitates.

Entropy engineering is aneffective scheme to reduce the thermal conductivity of thermoelectric materials, but it inevitably deteriorates the carrier mobility. Here, we report the optimization of thermoelectric performance of PbTe by combining entropy engineering and nanoprecipitates. In the continuously tuned compounds of PbNaTeSSe, we show that the = 0.