Effects of a nurse-led diabetes self-management programme for people with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin injection therapy: A randomised controlled trial with qualitative process evaluation.

Background: Many people with type 2 diabetes eventually require and benefit from insulin injection therapy, but only a minority of people receiving such therapy meet their glycaemic targets. Thus, effective diabetes self-management programmes are needed to support this cohort.

Objective: To examine the effects of a nurse-led diabetes self-management programme on self-efficacy, self-management behaviours, glycaemic control, and diabetes-related distress of Chinese people with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin injection therapy, and to collect their experiences and perceived benefits of and feedback on the programme.

Developing a Pressure Injury Predictive Indicator System for Data Mining in Health Care Information Systems: A Sequential Mixed-Methods Study.

Objective: Prevalence of hospital-acquired pressure injury (PI), as a critical measurement of medical care quality, has shown an upward trend. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive indicators of potential PIs and ensure that the predictive indicators can automatically be mined from electronic medical record systems.

Methods: The methods include 2 parts.

Proposal of (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) as a later heterotypic synonym of (Rossi Doria 1891) Waksman 1953 (Approved Lists 1980) and an emended description of .

The taxonomic relationship between and was re-evaluated using comparative genome analysis. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the type strains of and shared 100% sequence similarity. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that JCM 4387 was clustered together with CGMCC 4.

Female Cuckoo Calls Are More Effective at Attracting Breeding Male Cuckoos and Their Hosts Than Male Cuckoo Calls.

Vocalizations during the breeding season play a significant role in both intra- and inter-specific communications. There have been numerous studies on the calls and functions of the common cuckoo ( [CC]). However, there is limited research on the calls and functions of female CCs.

Age-stratified reference ranges for adenoid hypertrophy in children: a single-center retrospective study.

Introduction: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is prevalent in 35%-70% of the global pediatric population, leading to airway obstruction and sleep disturbances. Current diagnostic criteria for the adenoid-to-nasopharyngeal (/) ratio lack age-specific adjustments, potentially resulting in diagnostic inaccuracies.

Methods: This retrospective study assessed pediatric outpatients aged 1-12 years who underwent lateral nasopharyngeal radiography.

FocalTransNet: A Hybrid Focal-Enhanced Transformer Network for Medical Image Segmentation.

CNNs have demonstrated superior performance in medical image segmentation. To overcome the limitation of only using local receptive field, previous work has attempted to integrate Transformers into convolutional network components such as encoders, decoders, or skip connections. However, these methods can only establish long-distance dependencies for some specific patterns and usually neglect the loss of fine-grained details during downsampling in multi-scale feature extraction.

The TyG Index Mediates Air-Pollution-Associated Chronic Kidney Disease Incidence in HIV/AIDS Patients: A 20-Year Cohort Study.

Ambient air pollutants (APs) are associated with increased chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in general populations, but their renal impact on HIV/AIDS patients remains understudied. This dynamic cohort included 7981 HIV/AIDS patients without baseline kidney disease from Wuhan and Zhenjiang, followed every 6 months with fasting blood tests to assess the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Monthly average exposures to six APs were estimated from geocoded residential addresses.

STING inhibits LINE-1 retrotransposition through sorting ORF1p to lysosomes for degradation.

The cyclic dinucleotide sensor stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) is known for its critical role in interferon and inflammatory responses. In addition, STING also has functions independent of interferon induction. In this study, we report that STING restricts the mobilization of the cellular retrotransposon long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) independent of cGAS and interferon induction.

Enhanced detection of crowded NMR peaks using longitudinal multi-spin order for chemical analysis.

Background: High-resolution one-dimensional (1D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy plays a critical role in enabling the detail analysis of complex samples, precise determination of molecular structures, and investigation of molecular interactions. However, challenges arise when two spins exhibit very similar chemical shifts, potentially interfering with signal separation. Identifying low-concentration components in complex mixtures with overlapping spectral features becomes even more difficult.

Construction of LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in IgA nephropathy mice model by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) represents the most prevalent form of primary glomerulonephritis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the initiation and progression of various diseases, including kidney disorders. However, the involvement of lncRNAs in IgAN remains underexplored.

H2A.Z primes an epigenetic landscape for memory CD8 T cell recall response.

The rapid recall ability is a hallmark of memory CD8 T cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we find that histone variant H2A.Z is expressed at higher levels in memory CD8 T cells than in naïve cells.

Geographic variation in urbanization filter effects on birds in China.

Previous studies, which explored the mechanisms of urbanization filtering based on species traits and assessed the roles of different traits in facilitating the adjustments of different species to urbanization, often yield inconsistent results, highlighting the need to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying urbanization filtering. Here, we conducted field surveys of breeding bird communities in the capital cities of 34 Chinese provinces and categorized species as either urban utilizers or avoiders based on their occurrence rate among regional species pools. Bayesian phylogenetic generalized linear mixed model was used to investigate potential trait associations between urban utilizers and urban avoiders.

Broadband continuous frequency-tunable narrow-linewidth laser based on self-injection locking to a miniaturized Fabry-Perot cavity.

We demonstrate a 1550 nm external-cavity diode laser (ECDL) based on a high-Q miniaturized Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity, achieving a wide mode-hop-free continuous frequency-tuning range, which holds significant application value in fields such as frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) ranging and radar. By minimizing the feedback loop length and employing a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) to scan the cavity length, the continuous frequency-tuning range exceeds 30 GHz at a repetition rate of 100 Hz, with frequency-tuning nonlinearities of 1.7% and 1.

Enhanced regenerative and developmental potential of embryonal and stem cell-derived platelets compared to adult platelets.

The molecular features and multifaceted roles of platelets have been well characterized in adult mammals, but little is known about platelets at earlier developmental stages. In this study, we conduct transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of mouse embryonic platelets and find that, compared to adult platelets, they exhibit reduced classic immune-regulatory and procoagulant features but enhanced development-supporting traits. Notably, embryonic platelets interact more robustly with various cell types, including fibroblasts, and significantly accelerate refractory wound healing.

Grating-free single-mode laser integrated with asymmetric vertically coupled structure.

We propose a single-mode InGaAsP/InP Fabry-Pérot (FP) laser integrated with an asymmetric vertically coupled (AVC) structure without the use of a grating. The single longitudinal mode is achieved through the narrow-band filtering effect of the twin-waveguide vertically coupled structure. The laser's central wavelength is determined by material gain, FP cavity resonance characteristics, and filtering effect.

Telitacicept plus low-dose mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of IgA nephropathy: a retrospective study.

Presently, no specific therapies have been recognized for immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been verified effective for Chinese patients with IgAN. Telitacicept is a full-human TACI-FC fusion preventing B cells maturation and activation, and it has been proven to be beneficial for IgAN in a phase II clinical trial.

Association between 24hour movement behaviors and psychological wellbeing in overweight and obese children.

Objectives: The 24-hour movement behaviors, comprising physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, are crucial factors affecting children's mental health. This study aims to explore the longitudinal association between 24-hour movement behaviors and psychological well-being in overweight and obese children, providing empirical evidence for mental health promotion in this population.

Methods: A total of 445 overweight and obese children were recruited via stratified cluster random sampling from a provincial capital city in China and followed up for one year.

ALDH2-mediated GABA biosynthesis regulates hippocampal LTP and learning adaptability.

Hippocampal plasticity has an undisputed role in learning and memory. Despite decades of research focusing on the neurobiological basis of synaptic plasticity, relatively little is known about the metabolic dynamics leading to hippocampal plasticity at the single-cell level. Here we used single-cell mass spectrometry to dissect metabolomic changes of excitatory pyramidal neurons (PNs), inhibitory interneurons and astrocytes in hippocampus during long-term potentiation (LTP) and learning-related behaviors in mice.

Dexmedetomidine Stimulates Cellular Senescence of Lung Cancer Cells Via NOX5.

Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α- 2 adrenergic receptor agonist which has been considered as a promising anticancer agent. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms whereby Dexmedetomidine exerts its anticancer and chemopreventive actions need to be elucidated. In this study, we found that Dexmedetomidine reduced cell viability of the lung cancer cell line A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

The effect of microplastic pollution on rice growth, paddy soil properties, and greenhouse gas emissions: A global meta-analysis.

Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern, posing threats to various ecosystems, including agricultural lands. Paddy fields, critical for global food security, are particularly vulnerable. However, the specific effects of MP contamination on rice production, paddy soil properties, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in these systems remain unclear.

Human Visual Transduction Mechanism-Inspired Adaptive Enhancement Network during Endoscopy.

Disposable endoscopes are increasingly popular due to the lower risk of cross-contamination. Clearer endoscopes have shown the ability to improve adenoma detection rate. However, due to cost constraints, disposable endoscopes are equipped with smaller sensor arrays than reusable ones, resulting in lower resolution and degraded performance in both subjective and automated diagnostics.

[Corrigendum] Highly sensitive detection of leukemia cells based on aptamer and quantum dots.

Following the publication of the above article, the authors drew to the Editor's attention that, concerning the histological images shown in Fig. 5B on p. 890, two pairs of the data panels showed overlapping sections, such that these data were derived from the same original source where the panels were intended to show the results from differently performed experiments.