Thioesterification of Polyfluoroarenes via Copper-Catalyzed Radical Cross-Coupling with KS and Aldehydes in Water.

A novel copper-catalyzed radical cross-coupling reaction for the thioesterification of polyfluoroarenes is developed using KS and aldehydes in water. This protocol employs a readily available KS as a sulfur source, eliminating the need for hazardous thiols and organic solvents. The mild reaction conditions are compatible with a wide range of functional groups, providing access to diverse polyfluoroaryl thioesters.

Biodegradable Silicon-Based Electromagnetic Energy Harvester toward Wireless Power Supply.

Transient electronics that can degrade after fulfilling their designed functionalities offer transformative potentials in biomedical implants (eliminating secondary surgeries), ecofriendly consumer electronics (reducing e-waste), and secure systems. However, the development of reliable transient energy supplies remains a critical challenge, thus limiting their widespread implementation. Among various solutions, wireless power supplies via near-field inductive coupling stand out as particularly promising candidates.

Tuning the Electrical Property and Electronic Band Structures of Organic Semiconductors via Surface Tension.

Stress engineering is an effective way to tune the performance of semiconductors, which has been verified in the work of inorganic and organic single-crystal semiconductors. However, due to the limitations of the vapor-phase growth preparation conditions, the deposited polycrystalline organic semiconductors are more susceptible to residual stress. Therefore, it is of great research significance to develop a low-cost stress engineering applicable to vapor-deposited semiconductors.

Efficacy of levocarnitine combined with tadalafil in treating oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia: effects on serum sex hormones and sexual function.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining levocarnitine with tadalafil in treating oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia and to analyze its effects on serum sex hormone levels and sexual function.

Methods: A total of 80 patients diagnosed with oligozoospermia or asthenozoospermia at our hospital between March 2023 and February 2024 were randomly divided into two groups, A and B, with 40 patients each. Group A received levocarnitine combined with tadalafil, while Group B was administered levocarnitine alone.

Expanding the frontier of CAR therapy: comparative insights into CAR-T, CAR-NK, CAR-M, and CAR-DC approaches.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapies have demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in hematological malignancies, validating their therapeutic potential. However, challenges such as therapeutic resistance and limited accessibility hinder their broader application. To overcome these limitations, alternative CAR-based cell therapies, including CAR-Natural Killer (CAR-NK), CAR-macrophage (CAR-M), and CAR-dendritic cell (CAR-DC) therapies, have been proposed.

Lysosome-dependent cell death: disease implications and potential therapeutic targets.

Lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD) is a regulated form of cell death initiated by increased lysosomal membrane permeability, leading to the cytoplasmic release of lysosomal enzymes and subsequent cellular damage. Molecular mechanisms controlling LDCD include lysosomal membrane instability and lysosomal enzyme release, which together lead to cell damage. A more profound comprehension of these underlying mechanisms may reveal new therapeutic targets for diseases associated with lysosomal dysfunction.

Utility and performance of cerebrospinal fluid cytology in discriminating central nervous system infections and brain tumors.

Background And Objective: Differentiating central nervous system infections (CNSIs) from brain tumors (BTs) is difficult due to overlapping features and the limited individual indicators, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology remains underutilized. To improve differential diagnosis, we developed a model based on 9 early, cost-effective cerebrospinal fluid parameters, including CSF cytology.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with CNSIs or BTs at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between October 1st, 2017 and March 31st, 2024 were enrolled and divided into the training set and the test set.

The implications of host-pathogen co-evolutionary outcomes on macro-epidemics based on a combined-host strategy.

Host defense and pathogen virulence interact and mutually shape each other's evolution. Host-pathogen co-evolutionary outcomes have potentially significant impacts on population dynamics and vice versa. To investigate host-pathogen interactions and explore the impact of micro-level co-evolutionary outcomes on macro-level epidemics, we develop a co-evolutionary model with a combined host-defense strategy.

Robust Antifogging and Antifouling Coating Tailored with Zwitterionic Nanocellulose for Multi-Functional Applications.

Biofouling often occurs simultaneously with fogging, presenting significant challenges to visibility, safety, and operational efficiency. The development of biocompatible coatings that offer both antifouling performance and stability under fogging conditions is highly sought after. A method to form multifunctional coatings is presented, utilizing a zwitterionic nanocellulose composite material that demonstrates both antifogging and antifouling properties, suitable for application on various surfaces.

Injectable Plant Phosphate Coordination Compound-Based Adhesive Hydrogel Accelerates Osteoporotic Fracture Healing by Restoring Osteoclast/Osteoblast Imbalance.

Osteoporotic fractures are notoriously difficult to heal due to an imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Current treatments often have limited efficacy or adverse side effects, necessitating safer and more effective solutions. Here, we developed an injectable plant-derived phosphate coordination compound-based adhesive hydrogel (MgPA-Gel) to restore bone homeostasis by integrating magnesium ions (Mg)-phytic acid (PA) nanoparticles with aminated gelatin (Gel-NH) and aldehydated starch (AS).

Biomineralized Electroactive Microbe as the Whole-Cell Electrical Transducer for Electrochemically Online Monitoring of Lactic Acid Fermentation.

Electroactive bacteria (EAB) hold great promise for the development of electrochemical biosensors given their unique ability to transfer electrons extracellularly via specialized pathways, a process termed extracellular electron transfer (EET). Ongoing research aims to overcome current limitations and fully harness the potential of EABs for high-performance biosensing applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of an electrochemical microsensor based on biomineralized electroactive bacteria, specifically MR-1.

Antifungal Activity of Novel 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinazolin Derivatives against Plant Pathogenic Fungi by Targeting Sterol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) and the Application on Rice.

The emergence of severe resistance issues in plant pathogenic fungi poses a significant threat to the global quality and safety of crops. In this study, 36 novel derivatives featuring a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolin structure were designed and synthesized for the first time. These 36 target compounds were subjected to tests against five fungal species.

The Shared Neural Substrates of Emotional Mimicry and Emotional Contagion: an ALE Meta-analysis and MACM Analysis.

Emotional contagion is an important aspect of social interaction. Traditional theories suggest that it relies on mimicry of facial or emotional movements. To address the question of whether there is a distinction between emotional contagion and emotional mimicry, we conducted a meta-analysis using the ALE algorithm to identify brain regions activated by the two tasks.

Comparison of short- and long-term outcomes between transcatheter and surgical aortic valve replacement for bicuspid aortic valve stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the perioperative safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) versus surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) stenosis.

Methods: We systematically analyzed studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI comparing TAVR and SAVR in BAV stenosis. Outcomes included postoperative mortality, complications, all-cause survival, and freedom from stroke.

Water hardness and digestive diseases: a large-scale population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: Water hardness, which refers to the level of dissolved calcium and magnesium salts, is of significant public health concern due to its potential impact on health. The association between water hardness and digestive diseases remains underexplored, with limited evidence from small-scale clinical studies. Given the rising prevalence of digestive disorders worldwide, large-scale cohort studies are needed to address this gap in the literature.

Interrupted Zeolitic Boron Imidazolate Framework with Open Metal Sites for Photocatalytic CO Reduction.

The photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO) to chemicals holds significant importance for mitigating the current energy crisis. Rational design of catalytic centers within well-defined structures can effectively enhance the reaction activity and selectivity. In this study, we constructed interrupted zeolitic boron imidazolate frameworks (BIFs) featuring unsaturated coordination at the central Co ion.

Leveraging Language Model, Crystal Structure Prediction and First-Principles Calculation for Material Design.

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated transformative potential for materials discovery in condensed matter systems, but their full utility requires both broader application scenarios and integration with ab initio crystal structure prediction (CSP), density functional theory (DFT) methods and domain knowledge to benefit future inverse material design. Here, we develop an integrated computational framework combining language model-guided materials screening with genetic algorithm (GA) and graph neural network (GNN)-based CSP methods to predict new photovoltaic material. This LLM + CSP + DFT approach successfully identifies a previously overlooked oxide material with unexpected photovoltaic potential.

Complete genome sequence of NBTC-002, isolated from agricultural ecological ditches.

We presented the complete genome of NBTC-002 isolated from soil samples from ecological ditches on farmland, of which the total length is 3,799,862 bp and possesses 3,817 protein-coding sequences (CDS).

Revolutionizing meropenem detection: novel OVA-PtNP nanoenzymes for clinical and environmental safety.

: The objective of this study is to develop a straightforward and expeditious clinical detection method for meropenem. This study aims to introduce an innovative nanoenzyme design, thereby broadening the application of platinum nanomaterials in biological detection. It seeks to facilitate the portable detection of meropenem using commercial software.

Tunable Ferroelectricity, Valley Polarization, Layer Polarization, and Magnetism Via Stacking in 2D van der Waals Bilayers.

Magnetic two-dimensional van der Waals (vdWs) materials hold potential applications in low-power and high-speed spintronic devices due to their degrees of freedom such as valley and spin. In this Letter, we propose a mechanism that uses stacking engineering to control valley polarization (VP), ferroelectricity, layer polarization (LP), and magnetism in vdWs bilayers. Through first-principles calculations, we predict that the T-VSI monolayer is a magnetic semiconductor with a sizable VP.

Pure-Green Circularly Polarized Multiple Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Enantiomers with Discontinuous Fused Benzene Rings.

Helicene-based circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials suffer from severely low color purity in circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs). Here, a novel molecular engineering strategy is introduced by replacing helicene containing continuous fused benzene rings with a multiple resonance (MR) framework comprising discontinuous fused benzene rings. This approach effectively suppresses high-frequency C─C bond stretching vibrations and enhances short-range charge transfer, enabling high color purity, CPL activity, and efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF).

PET Glycolysis by Modulating the Crystal Facets of PW@UiO-67: Understanding the Activation of Dual Substrates.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) glycolysis presents an effective solution to address plastic pollution while promoting the utilization of renewable resources. It is highly important to gain in-depth insights into the identification of the well-defined active sites and the structure-activity relationships in PET glycolysis. Herein, PW@UiO-67 with different exposed crystal facets, i.

Enabling Ultra-High Work Capacity and Scalable Processability of Liquid Crystal Actuators through Densely Entangled Structures.

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are important soft actuators that show strong promise in many fields where traditional rigid actuators or robotics are impractical. However, their real-world applications are lacking primarily due to inadequate actuation performance and complicated fabrication processes. Here, a novel design is reported that significantly enhances actuation performance while simplifying the fabrication process.