Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Iodides with Sulfinamide Reagents for the Construction of Sulfinamides.

A novel sulfinamide reagent was developed that enables the one-step installation of sulfinamides through palladium-catalyzed coupling with aryl iodides. This method offers distinct advantages, including the use of readily available starting materials and broad substrate compatibility. Moreover, the strategy was successfully extended to the synthesis of complex functional molecules.

Solar-Enhanced Blue Energy Conversion via Photo-electric/thermal in GO/MoS/CNC Nanofluidic Membranes.

In recent years, light-controlled ion transport systems have attracted widespread attention, however, the use of photoresponsive materials suffers from rapid carrier recombination, thermal field limitations, and narrow spectral response, which significantly restricts their performance enhancement in osmotic energy conversion. This study innovatively couples "blue energy" (osmotic energy) with "green energy" (solar energy), assembling graphene oxide/molybdenum disulfide/sulfonated cellulose nanocrystal (GO/ MoS/CNC) ion-channel membranes. Under solar irradiation, the energy level difference between MoS and GO effectively suppresses the recombination of photogenerated carriers, generating more active electrons and significantly enhancing the carrier density, thereby improving the current flux and ion selectivity.

Confinement-Tailored High-Concentration Electrolytes in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Durable Lithium-Metal Batteries.

High-concentration electrolytes (HCEs) face inherent challenges such as high viscosity and diminished ionic conductivity caused by the formation of three-dimensional (3D) anion networks, which limit their practical applications. In this study, it is demonstrated that encapsulating HCEs within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) effectively disrupts these 3-D networks, resulting in significantly enhanced ionic conductivity. Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal a significant reduction in aggregates (AGGs)-state anion within MOF-confined electrolytes, confirming the reconstruction of the solvation environment.

Effect of Ni-Doped Induced Stacking Faults on the NTC Properties and Aging Stability of LaNdAlNiO Ceramics.

Owing to its wide bandgap, LaAlO has garnered extensive attention in the field of high-temperature negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors. However, its poor thermal stability and excessively high B value limit the working temperature range. In this work, introducing O 2p and Ni 3d hybrid energy levels into the bandgap is proposed via Ni doping and inducing stacking faults in the crystal structure to narrow the bandgap and enhance aging performance.

Construction of Hollow Structured Covalent Organic Framework with Chiral Internal Catalytic Sites for Asymmetric Hydrogenation.

The functionality of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is usually highly related to their morphologies. Among various morphologies, the hollow-structured COFs have recently attracted intense attention due to their unique properties. Herein, the synthesis of hollow structured COFs are first reported with the chiral internal sites via combining the chiral templating method with the acid etching approach.

2D Active Filler Modified Porous Polymer Network for Stabilizing Zn Anode Under Harsh Conditions.

Artificial porous polymer coatings are promising for alleviating the side reactions and dendrite growth on Zn anodes. Nevertheless, the low ion transport ability constrains their application under harsh conditions such as thin Zn foil, high current density, and high depth of discharge (DOD). Herein, a 2D active filler is introduced to optimize the Zn migration in porous polymer coating.

Foliar Application of SiO Nanoparticles Altered Rhizosphere Metabolite and Microbe Profiles: Surface Chemistry-Driven Biological Effects.

Silica nanoparticles (SiONPs), as emerging foliar nanofertilizers, demonstrate promising potential in agriculture. However, whether foliar application of SiONPs alters belowground soil metabolites and microbe composition and abundance remains largely unknown. In this study, 3-week-old cucumber plants were foliar-sprayed with fumed or Stöber SiO NPs dosing at -4 mg of NPs per plant for 5 days.

Treg Cells Modulate Neuroinflammation and Behavioral Deficits in Autism: Evidence From MR-Based Genetic Analyses and Experimental Models.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that is increasingly linked to immune dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are crucial in maintaining immune homeostasis, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ASD. However, their role in neuroimmune interactions and behavioral outcomes remains poorly understood.

Decarboxylative Pyrazolylation of Aryl Carboxylic Acids via Synergetic Organic-Photoredox and Copper Catalysis.

The decarboxylative amination of aryl carboxylic acids with low toxicity, structural diversity, and ready availability remains relatively underexplored. Current protocols typically require the use of overstoichiometric metal additives and/or strong oxidants as well as high reaction temperatures. Herein we report decarboxylative amination of aryl carboxylic acids with pyrazoles via synergistic organic-photoredox and copper catalysis under mild conditions, employing air as a green oxidant.

An aptasensor-based fluorescent signal amplification strategy for highly sensitive detection of mycotoxins.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most toxic mycotoxins that pose great health threats to humans. Herein, an aptasensor-based fluorescent signal amplification strategy is developed for the detection of AFB1. Initially, the AFB1 aptamers labelled with carboxyfluorescein (FAM) are adsorbed onto graphene oxide (GO), triggering energy transfer.

High-entropy spinel (FeCoNiMnCr)O nanoparticles supported on carbon nanotubes for enhanced electrochemical seawater oxidation.

High-performance, low-cost electrocatalysts are essential for freshwater-independent seawater electrolysis. We design a SWCNT-supported (FeCoNiMnCr)O high-entropy spinel oxide by a hydrothermal method and air-firing, where the conductive network enhances charge transfer and active site exposure. The catalyst achieves 282 mV@10 mA cm with 100 h stability in alkaline seawater.

Antibacterial and antiviral properties of punicalagin (Review).

Punicalagin, a polyphenolic compound extracted from pomegranate peel, has received increasing attention in recent years due to its antibacterial and antiviral properties. Punicalagin is capable of inhibiting bacterial growth at sub-inhibitory concentrations by affecting cell membrane formation, disrupting membrane integrity, altering cell permeability, affecting efflux pumps, interfering with quorum sensing and influencing virulence factors. Additionally, punicalagin inhibits viruses by modulating enzyme activity, interacting with viral surface proteins, affecting gene expression, blocking viral attachment, disrupting virus receptor interaction and inhibiting viral replication.

Clinical manifestations of Oropouche virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Oropouche virus (OROV) is emerging as a growing public health concern, with increasing numbers of case, an expanding global spread and the potential for severe clinical outcomes. However, despite the increasing incidence, the clinical features of OROV infections have not yet been thoroughly examined. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of clinical manifestations in OROV infections.

S-glutathionylation modification of proteins and the association with cellular death (Review).

S-glutathionylation (SSG), a redox-sensitive post-translational modification mediated by glutathione, regulates protein structure and function through reversible disulfide bond formation at cysteine residues. Glutaredoxins (GRXs), pivotal antioxidant enzymes, catalyze SSG dynamics to maintain thiol homeostasis. Recent advances in redox proteomics have revealed that SSG dysregulation is intricately linked to neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, pulmonary and malignant diseases.

flavones induce apoptosis in bladder cancer T24 cells via the FAS/TNFR1 pathway: A potential therapeutic candidate.

flavones (PRFs), bioactive components derived from the plant, exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, their therapeutic potential for bladder cancer remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effects and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PRF on human bladder cancer T24 cells.

Sustained Mg/Sr ion delivery from injectable silk fibroin hydrogels drives SCAP osteogenic differentiation.

This study highlights the biomedical relevance of injectable TS (tannic acid-silk fibroin)-Mg/Sr hydrogels in alveolar bone repair, particularly their prospective role as carriers for stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) in tissue regeneration. By utilizing self-assembling silk material, noted for its favorable handling properties, we present a useful approach for single-wall bone defects, such as bone fenestration and fractures in the oral cavity. Furthermore, our findings regarding the involvement of the TRPM7 ion channel indicate a possible regulatory pathway for improving alveolar bone defect repair.

5-HMF plays an intervention role in ischemic stroke by regulating GluR2 to improve mitochondrial function and promote angiogenesis.

Introduction: 5-Hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) is a furan compound with a molecular formula of CHO. Studies have found that 5-HMF has many pharmacological effects, such as improving hemorheology, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity and anti-myocardial ischemia. Identifying the preventive effect of 5-HMF against ischemic stroke and its possible mechanism was the aim of this investigation.

Combined microcatheter and guidewire technique in endovascular coiling of a wide-neck anterior communicating artery aneurysm: A case report.

Wide-necked anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms pose challenges for endovascular coiling due to the risk of coil protrusion. This case report describes a new endovascular technique for managing ruptured wide-necked ACoA aneurysms, addressing the risk of coil protrusion during embolization. This method employs a combined microcatheter and guidewire-assisted embolization method, enabling coil deployment without needing adjunctive devices such as stents or balloons.

Enhanced SLC2A4 expression mitigates insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus via the FoxO signaling pathway .

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a type of diabetes mellitus occurring in pregnant women, increases the risk of birth trauma. Solute carrier family 2 member 4 (SLC2A4) polymorphism is notably associated with GDM susceptibility; however, the mechanism is unknown. In the present study, HTR-8/SVneo cells were treated with high glucose concentrations and transfected with SLC2A4 and Forkhead box O (FoxO)1 to investigate their roles in the insulin (INS) resistance of GDM trophoblast cells.

Tetramethylpyrazine alleviates acute kidney injury by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway independent of DKK1.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a group of common clinical syndromes characterized by a rapid decline in renal function over a short period of time. At present, the treatment methods are limited, and research is needed to identify drugs that could alleviate renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is a bioactive alkaloid extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Chuanxiong.

Nanotechnology-driven advancements in organ transplantation: Multifaceted strategies for organ preservation, ischemia reperfusion injury, immunomodulation and post-transplant monitoring.

Organ transplantation faces critical challenges, including donor shortages, suboptimal preservation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), and immune rejection. Nanotechnology offers transformative solutions by leveraging precision-engineered materials to enhance graft viability and outcomes. This review highlights nanomaterials' roles in revolutionizing organ preservation.

Continuous-flow-enabled intensification in nitration processes: a review of technological developments and practical applications over the past decade.

Flow chemistry technology has demonstrated significant potential in advancing the green transformation of the chemical industry while enhancing inherent process safety. Safety, cost-effectiveness, and operational efficiency serve as pivotal drivers for advancing flow chemistry in nitration processes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the continuous-flow nitration technology - a process historically recognized as one of the most hazardous industrial operations - focusing on its technological advancements in process design, reaction kinetics characterization, and practical implementation over the past decade.

Formulating cathode materials based on high-entropy strategies for sodium-ion batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to abundant resources and cost-effectiveness. However, cathode materials face persistent challenges in structural stability, ion kinetics, and cycle life. This review highlights the transformative potential of high-entropy (HE) strategies that leveraging multi-principal element synergies to address these limitations entropy-driven mechanisms.

High-entropy metal phosphide nanoparticles for accelerated lithium polysulfide conversion.

To overcome the persistent challenges of sluggish lithium polysulfide (LiPS) conversion kinetics and the shuttle effect in Li-S batteries, this work introduces a novel, cost-effective thermal treatment strategy for synthesizing high-entropy metal phosphide catalysts using cation-bonded phosphate resins. For the first time, we successfully fabricated single-phase high-entropy FeCoNiCuMnP nanoparticles anchored on a porous carbon network (HEP/C). HEP/C demonstrates enhanced electronic conductivity and superior LiPS adsorption capability, substantially accelerating its redox kinetics.

Versatile phenolic composites by in situ polymerization of concentrated dispersions of carbon nanotubes.

Uniform dispersion of carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix is a prerequisite for high-performance nanotube-based composites. Here, we report an in situ polymerization route to synthesize a range of phenolic composites with high loading of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, >40 wt%) and continuously tunable viscoelasticity. SWCNTs can be directly and uniformly dispersed in cresols through noncovalent charge-transfer interactions without the need for surfactants, and further concentrated before in situ polymerization of the solvent molecules, yielding phenolic composites in the forms of conductive pastes, highly stretchy doughs, and hardened solids with high nanotube loading and much enhanced electrical conductivity (up to 2.