Converting and Fabricating LiCoO Cathode Material into a Disordered Rocksalt Surface Modification Layer to Enhance Interfacial Stability of High-Voltage Cathode.

Surface coating acts as an effective strategy to enhance the interfacial stability of high-voltage cathode, but yet there remains substantial potential value in exploring optimal materials and methods. Herein, we convert spent LiCoO (LCO) into nanosized disordered rocksalt-phase (DS) coating material, which exhibits considerable Li conductivity and high lattice-coherent compatibility with LCO. Subsequently, using a facile and scalable high-speed mechanofusion technology, we construct a continuous, uniform, and tightly bound DS coating layer onto LCO, denoted as DS@LCO cathode.

A weak acid-responsive porous polyelectrolyte membrane enables the high efficiency of a zinc anode interface.

Polymer coatings are promising candidates as artificial interfacial materials due to their significant barrier properties and zincophilicity, whereas modified zinc anodes for high depth of discharge (DOD) remain a major challenge. Herein, we present a novel approach that combines electrostatic complexation with phase separation in a weak-acid solution, which induces the formation of acid-responsive porous polyelectrolyte membranes, leading to an extended lifespan of the zinc anode of up to 900 h at a high current density of 40 mA cm. Additionally, the Zn@PEI-PSSNa anode demonstrates excellent zinc utilization, operating for up to 200 h at an ultra-high DOD of 97.

Pt Colloidosomes with Broadband Absorption for Near-Infrared Light Photocatalysis Through D-Band Hot-Carriers Generation.

Interband and intraband electronic excitations in transition metals as nanocatalysts are crucial for the generation of hot carriers. Unlike the well-known Au, Ag and Cu nanoparticles (NPs), in which hot carriers are directly formed by absorption of visible light, Pt NPs still have limited hot carriers photogeneration ability. Nonetheless, Pt's unique d-band structure permits a high density of electronic states near Fermi energy.

Investigating cerebral blood flow dysregulation and serum zinc correlation in 2-4 year-old children with autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a severe neurodevelopmental condition. Its incidence is on the rise worldwide, and in severe cases, it can lead to disability. While emerging evidence implicates cerebrovascular dysfunction in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental impairments associated with ASD, systematic characterization of cerebral hemodynamic variations across clinically stratified severity subgroups, particularly among mild-moderate and severe ASD presentations and typically developing (TD) children, remains a critical unmet research need.

Study on the migration mechanism of heterogeneous cuttings in long-reach horizontal wells.

This study focuses on the transportation of non-uniform cuttings in the drilling process of long-reach horizontal wells, conducting a comprehensive theoretical analysis and experimental investigation. Initially, a computational model was established to analyze the influence of cuttings size distribution, fluid dynamics parameters, and wellbore geometry on the transport of non-uniform cuttings. The research elucidates the non-linear relationship between cuttings transport efficiency and parameters such as flow velocity, well inclination, and drill pipe rotation rate in long-reach horizontal wells.

Accelerating Low- Dielectric Material Discovery: From Graph Machine Learning to Synthesis.

The exploration of dielectric materials with a specific permittivity remains a significant challenge. Dielectric materials with low permittivity are widely used in semiconductor interlayers and communication substrates for reducing parasitic capacitance and latency transmission. However, discovering novel dielectric materials often relies on a trial-and-error strategy, which is inefficient and time-consuming.

Synergistic Ru/Co-S bonded single-atom and nanoparticle catalysts for high-performance bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis in rechargeable zinc-air batteries.

The development of efficient and sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies is the focus of modern scientific and technological research. This study doped Ru single atoms into a zinc zeolite imidazole framework (Ru-ZIF-8), followed by the adsorption of Co nanoparticles at the interface for the first pyrolysis and the introduction of S for the second pyrolysis to obtain a composite bifunctional electrocatalyst composed of Ru single atoms and Co nanoparticles (Co@Ru-SAs-HSNC), with Ru/Co-S coordination and stable anchoring on a hollow N-doped carbon substrate. The theoretical calculation results revealed that the introduction of S atoms to replace N atoms and form Ru sites provided a greater driving force for the reaction, regulated the electronic structure, and slowed the deactivation of the sintering of the metal particles.

Inhibitory effect of recombinant BCG containing the fusion gene BFNA on EB virus-positive tumors.

To obtain recombinant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (rBCG) containing an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) fusion gene that can inhibit EBV-positive cancer, we obtained BZLF1 and EBNA1 cDNA and overlapped these sequences to assemble the fusion gene BFNA. Then, BFNA was inserted into pMV261, and pMV-BFNA was transfected into BCG-competent cells. Western blotting was performed to detect the target fusion protein, specific antibodies were detected in the serum via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and spleen cell-specific cytokines were detected via enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays.

First-Principles Study on the Electrical and Thermal Conductivities of Cu-Zn Binary Alloys.

Cu-Zn alloys are widely used engineering materials with well-known industrial applications. However, studies on their electrical and thermal conductivities have primarily relied on experimental measurements, while theoretical investigations remain limited. In this work, eight crystal structure models were constructed to represent three phase configurations (α single phase, α + β' dual phase, and β' single phase) of Cu-Zn alloys with Zn concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 at.

Trends and Projections of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Burden in China, 1990-2036: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study.

BackgroundThe incidence and prevalence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC), defined as colorectal cancer diagnosed before the age of 50, are increasing globally. However, the current status and trends of the disease burden of EO-CRC in China, including incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), are not well understood. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological trends of EO-CRC in China from 1990 to 2021 and to project its future burden.

tiRNA-HAR contributes to ischemic myocardial injury via facilitating HuR-mediated stability of p53.

Cardiomyocyte death due to heart occlusion of coronary artery is the main driver to myocardial infarction (MI) and subsequent heart failure progression. tsRNA, a small RNA fragment from tRNA, has been shown to be implicated in many physiological and pathological processes by exerting different biological functions, but the roles of tsRNA in ischemic cardiac injury remain to be determined. The present study identified a hypoxia responsive-tiRNA (tiRNA-HAR) was markedly upregulated in ischemic mouse myocardium and hypoxic cardiomyocytes, respectively.

A First-Principles Calculation Study of the Catalytic Properties of Two-Dimensional Bismuthene Materials for Carbon Dioxide Reduction.

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) at room temperature into industrial chemicals and energy products offers a promising strategy to mitigate atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, bismuthene was employed as a catalyst for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Through first-principles calculations, we evaluated the CO2RR catalytic activities of bismuth (Bi) on the (001) and (012) surfaces, analyzing the mechanisms underlying these activities.

Quadruplex DNA Hybrid Catalysts for Enantioselective Reactions.

Beyond the pivotal genetic roles of DNA, its duplex structures as chiral scaffolds interacting with metal complexes give rise to DNA hybrid catalysts for a set of aqueous-phase enantioselective reactions. Besides DNA duplex, DNA quadruplexes including G-quadruplex and i-motif show tunable structures with variable non-canonical base pairs. In this concept, based on the interaction between metal species and DNA, we classify the construction strategies of quadruplex DNA hybrid catalysts into supramolecular, covalent and coordinative modes.

Determination and Application of Stress States Based on Finite Element Techniques: A Case Study of the Longmaxi Formation in the Luzhou Block, Sichuan Basin.

Knowledge of the present-day in situ stress field (PIS) has important theoretical and practical significance for shale gas exploration and development. The Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Luzhou Block serves as the main reservoir of marine shale production in southern China. However, there is no clear understanding of PIS in the Luzhou area, which leads to a series of production problems.

Mettl1 knockdown alleviates cardiac I/R injury in mice by inactivating the Mettl1-CYLD-P53 positive feedback loop.

The N7-methylguanosine (m7G) methyltransferase Mettl1 has been recently implicated in cardiac repair and fibrosis. In this study we investigated the role of Mettl1 in mouse cardiomyocytes injury and the underlying mechanisms. Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) I/R model was established in mice by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h.

A Series of Ultra-low Permittivity ALaPO (A = Li, Na, K) Metaphosphate Microwave Dielectric Ceramics for Ultra-wideband Dielectric Resonant Antenna Application.

The employment of ultra-low permittivity materials in the configuration of antennas has been demonstrated to augment the antenna bandwidth and diminish signal delay effectively. This study presents three ultra-low permittivity metaphosphate microwave dielectric ceramics (MWDCs). The ALaPO (A = Li, Na, K) metaphosphate ceramics, which all belong to the monoclinic crystal system, exhibit extremely low permittivity (ε ≈ 5) and excellent quality factor (· > 10,000 GHz) at a low sintering temperature ( < 950 °C).

Uridine triphosphate hybrid catalyst for carbon‑carbon bond formation reactions with enhanced enantioselectivity by mercury(II) ions.

DNA hybrid catalysts are constructed by embedding active metal species into the chiral scaffolds of DNA, which have been successfully applied to some important aqueous-phase enantioselective transformations. Owing to simple components and inherent chirality, nucleotide hybrid catalysts are emerging in response to soving the unclear locations of catalytic centers and the plausible catalytic mechanisms in DNA-based asymmetric catalysis. However, the tertiary structure of nucleotides lacks tunability, severely impeding further design of nucleotide hybrid catalysts for potential applications.

Variation of topological surface states of nodal line semimetal MgB resulting from adsorption of hydrogen, hydroxide, and water molecules.

Topological semimetals have garnered significant interest due to their intrinsic topological physics and potential applications in devices. A crucial feature shared by all topological materials is the bulk-boundary correspondence, indicating the presence of unique topologically protected conducting states at the edges when non-trivial band topology exists in the bulk. Previous studies on surface states of topological materials predominantly focused on pristine surfaces, leaving the exploration of surface states in topological semimetals with adsorbates relatively uncharted.

Prediction of formation abrasiveness under the action of a PDC bit based on the fractal dimension of a rock surface.

During rock drilling, a drill bit will wear as it breaks the rock. However, there is no uniform grading standard for rock abrasiveness. To solve this problem, the wear mechanisms of a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit and the formation it is drilling into are analyzed in depth, and an abrasiveness evaluation method based on the fractal dimension of the rock surface topography is established.

Synergistic Assistance of Ir Clusters and NiCoO Nanosheets Interfaces in Direct O-O Coupling for High-Efficiency Alkaline Oxygen Evolution.

Adopting noble metals on non-noble metals is an effective strategy to balance the cost and activity of electrocatalysts. Herein, a thorough analysis of the synergistic OER is conducted at the heterogeneous interface formed by Ir clusters and NiCoO based on DFT calculations. Specifically, the electrons spontaneously bring an e occupancy of interfacial Ir close to unity after the absorbed O, providing more transferable electrons for the conversion of the absorbed O-intermediates.

Efficient Silver(I)-Containing I-Motif DNA Hybrid Catalyst for Enantioselective Diels-Alder Reactions.

The inherent chiral structures of DNA serve as attractive scaffolds to construct DNA hybrid catalysts for valuable enantioselective transformations. Duplex and G-quadruplex DNA-based enantioselective catalysis has made great progress, yet novel design strategies of DNA hybrid catalysts are highly demanding and atomistic analysis of active centers is still challenging. DNA i-motif structures could be finely tuned by different cytosine-cytosine base pairs, providing a new platform to design DNA catalysts.

The m7G Methyltransferase Mettl1 Drives Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating SRSF9-Mediated Splicing of NFATc4.

Cardiac hypertrophy is a key factor driving heart failure (HF), yet its pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated. Mettl1-catalyzed RNA N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification has been implicated in ischemic cardiac injury and fibrosis. This study aims to elucidate the role of Mettl1 and the mechanism underlying non-ischemic cardiac hypertrophy and HF.

Hybrid-Electrolytes System Established by Dual Super-lyophobic Membrane Enabling High-Voltage Aqueous Lithium Metal Batteries.

Aqueous electrolytes and related aqueous rechargeable batteries own unique advantage on safety and environmental friendliness, but coupling high energy density Li-metal batteries with aqueous electrolyte still represent challenging and not yet reported. Here, this work makes a breakthrough in "high-voltage aqueous Li-metal batteries" (HVALMBs) by adopting a brilliant hybrid-electrolytes strategy. Concentrated ternary-salts ether-based electrolyte (CTE) acts as the anolyte to ensure the stability and reversibility of Li-metal plating/stripping.

The positive feedback loop of the NAT10/Mybbp1a/p53 axis promotes cardiomyocyte ferroptosis to exacerbate cardiac I/R injury.

Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of regulated cell death that has been reported to play a central role in cardiac ischemia‒reperfusion (I/R) injury. N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis by functioning as an RNA ac4c acetyltransferase, but its role in cardiomyocyte ferroptosis during I/R injury has not been determined. This study aimed to elucidate the role of NAT10 in cardiac ferroptosis as well as the underlying mechanism.