GATA6 inhibits the periodontitis progression through regulating the Notch signaling pathway.

Periodontitis is a prevalent chronic infectious condition affecting the oral cavity. This research was conducted to analyze the role of GATA6 in LPS-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). Dysregulated genes associated with periodontitis were acquired from the GEO database (GSE23586).

A Review of Abrupt Permafrost Thaw: Definitions, Usage, and a Proposed Conceptual Framework.

Purpose Of Review: We review how 'abrupt thaw' has been used in published studies, compare these definitions to abrupt processes in other Earth science disciplines, and provide a definitive framework for how abrupt thaw should be used in the context of permafrost science.

Recent Findings: We address several aspects of permafrost systems necessary for abrupt thaw to occur and propose a framework for classifying permafrost processes as abrupt thaw in the future. Based on a literature review and our collective expertise, we propose that abrupt thaw refers to thaw processes that lead to a substantial persistent environmental change within a few decades.

Taurine alleviates postovulatory oocyte aging via TBK1 associated mitophagy in pigs and mice.

Taurine deficiency is a driver of aging, however the mechanisms by which taurine regulates postovulatory oocyte aging (POA) remain an unanswered question. Here, we used differential gene expressions and functional enrichment analysis of transcriptomes to determine transcriptional dynamics in POA. Transcriptional conservation between mouse and pig was determined by comparative analysis of transcriptomes.

Preparation and characterisation of two new malonylated rare ginsenosides by acid hydrolysis and their anti-hepatoma activities.

Malonylginsenosides (MGR), the primary bioactive constituents in ginseng, exhibit significant pharmacological properties and constitute 35-60% of the total saponins in the plant's fresh and dried states. In this investigation, two new degradation products of malonylginsenosides, named malonylginsenoside 20()-Rg and malonylginsenoside 20()-Rg ( and ) were prepared through acid hydrolysis. The structural features of these compounds were characterised using IR, ECD, HR-ESI-MS, and NMR spectroscopy.

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Disturbances of Purine Metabolism and Glutamate Metabolism in the Hippocampus of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mouse Model of Depression.

Background: Depression is a global health concern characterized by high incidence, disability, and disease burden. Neuroimmunity, through the secretion of inflammatory mediators and mediation of neuroinflammation, plays a significant role in depression's pathogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Development of a Qigong Used for Insomnia Therapy (QUIT) Program for Improving Sleep Quality and Blood Pressure in Chinese Women With Menopause: Pre-Post Pilot Test of Feasibility.

Background: Around 20%-50% of Chinese menopausal women experience insomnia, which is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP). Despite this, the population remains understudied. Qigong, a simple form of Chinese exercise, has been shown to improve insomnia and BP but has not been explicitly used to address menopausal symptoms in Chinese women.

Urease-powered micro/nanomotors: Current progress and challenges.

Enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors (MNMs) (EMNMs) use natural enzymes to facilitate the decomposition of fuels, including hydrogen peroxide (HO), glucose, triglycerides, and urea to provide power. EMNMs can achieve self-propulsion through the utilization of biofuels without additional fuels, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility and significant potential for application in the biomedical field. Compared with HO, which may cause oxidative damage to the body, urea exhibits superior biosafety characteristics.

Monitoring Role of Non-invasive Examinations on the Clinical Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.

Objective: To assess the clinical efficacy of 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (5-ALA-PDT) in treating oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and investigate the utility of toluidine blue staining and autofluorescence examination for monitoring the efficacy of 5-ALA-PDT.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted, including 75 OPMDs patients who underwent 5-ALA-PDT and follow-up observation. The patients' lesion size and clinical presentation were recorded to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 5-ALA-PDT.

Application of Mendelian randomized analysis method in Vitamin D research: A 10-year bibliometric analysis.

Vitamin D is an open-cyclic steroidal trace organic compound that plays a crucial role in human metabolism and nutritional health. In recent years, Mendelian randomization (MR) has emerged as a widely adopted method for analyzing causal relationships, particularly in studying the association between Vitamin D and related diseases. However, no bibliometric analyses have been conducted to explore the research hotspots and trends regarding Vitamin D status in MR studies.

Effect of adipose-derived stem cells exosomes cross-linked chitosan-αβ-glycerophosphate thermosensitive hydrogel on deep burn wounds.

Background: Burn wound management is challenging, and while mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes show therapeutic potential, optimal delivery methods are unclear.

Aim: To study chitosan (CS)-αβ-glycerophosphate (CS-αβ-GP) hydrogel crosslinked with adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ASC-Exos) for healing deep burn injuries.

Methods: Rats with deep burn injuries were divided into the CS + ASCs-Exos group, the ASCs-Exos group, the CS group, and the control group.

Xiexin Tang restores gut barrier function by regulating the differentiation of CD4 T cells via GPRs and HDACs in T2DM rats.

This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of Xiexin Tang in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus from the perspective of intestinal barrier function. The results indicated that Xiexin Tang could notably promote the expression of GPRs while suppressing the expression of HDACs in colon epithelial cells, then significantly elevate the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-18 to regulate the differentiation of T cells and further maintain the intestinal immune homeostasis. Meanwhile, it could markedly inhibit the inflammatory signaling pathway to improve intestinal barrier function, relieving type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation improves cognitive decline by alleviating intradialytic cerebral hypoxia in hemodialysis patients: A fNIRS pilot study.

Cognitive impairment is common in hemodialysis patients, possibly due to inadequate cerebral blood flow during hemodialysis. No effective non-pharmacological interventions are available. This study investigates the impact of hemodialysis-induced cerebral hypoxia on cognitive decline in hemodialysis patients and the potential of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) as a non-pharmacological intervention.

Application of Anterolateral Thigh Chimeric Flap in Reconstruction of Orbitomaxillary Defects.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and applicability of anterolateral thigh chimeric flap in the reconstruction of orbitomaxillary defects.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 3 patients with orbitomaxillary defects due to maxillary or maxillary sinus tumors invading the orbit, who underwent anterolateral thigh chimeric flap reconstruction from November 2013 to February 2023.

Results: All 3 patients were males, with maxillary sinus or maxillary tumors invading the orbit, and all underwent extended maxillectomy and orbital exenteration.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of early oogenesis in pigs.

Background: In humans and other mammals, the process of oogenesis initiates asynchronously in specific ovarian regions, leading to the localization of dormant and growing follicles in the cortex and medulla, respectively; however, the current understanding of this process remains insufficient.

Results: Here, we integrate single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) to comprehend spatial-temporal gene expression profiles and explore the spatial organization of ovarian microenvironments during early oogenesis in pigs. Projection of the germ cell clusters at different stages of oogenesis into the spatial atlas unveils a "cortical to medullary (C-M)" distribution of germ cells in the developing porcine ovaries.

High Genetic Diversity and Limited Regional Population Differentiation in Populations of from Plantations.

causes a serious and widespread disease known as Calonectria leaf blight in plantations of southern China. Little is known regarding the population biology or reproductive biology of this pathogen in the affected areas. The aims of this study were to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure, and reproductive mode of .

Lactylation signature identifies liver fibrosis phenotypes and traces fibrotic progression to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: Precise staging and classification of liver fibrosis are crucial for the hierarchy management of patients. The roles of lactylation are newly found in the progression of liver fibrosis. This study is committed to investigating the signature genes with histone lactylation and their connection with immune infiltration among liver fibrosis with different phenotypes.

Roles of Thermosensitive Transient Receptor Channels TRPV1 and TRPM8 in Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathic Pain.

Paclitaxel, a microtubule-stabilizing chemotherapy drug, can cause severe paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (PIPNP). The roles of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel vanilloid 1 (TRPV1, a nociceptor and heat sensor) and melastatin 8 (TRPM8, a cold sensor) in PIPNP remain controversial. In this study, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and calcium imaging revealed that the expression and functional activity of TRPV1 were upregulated in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in PIPNP.

A comprehensive analysis of the differential expression in the hippocampus of depression induced by gut microbiota compared to traditional stress.

Depression, which is a disease of heterogeneous etiology, is characterized by high disability and mortality rates. Gut microbiota are associated with the development of depression. To further explore any differences in the mechanisms of depression induced by gut microbiota and traditional stresses, as well as facilitate the development of microbiota-based interventions, a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) depression model was made.

IMA Genome - F19 : A genome assembly and annotation guide to empower mycologists, including annotated draft genome sequences of Ceratocystis pirilliformis, Diaporthe australafricana, Fusarium ophioides, Paecilomyces lecythidis, and Sporothrix stenoceras.

The pace at which Next Generation Sequence data is being produced continues to accelerate as technology improves. As a result, such data are increasingly becoming accessible to biologists outside of the field of bioinformatics. In contrast, access to training in the methods of genome assembly and annotation are not growing at a similar rate.

Melatonin promotes hair regeneration by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.

Melatonin (MLT) is a circadian hormone that reportedly influences the development and cyclic growth of secondary hair follicles; however, the mechanism of regulation remains unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the role of MLT in hair regeneration using a hair depilation mouse model. We found that MLT supplementation significantly promoted hair regeneration in the hair depilation mouse model, whereas supplementation of MLT receptor antagonist luzindole significantly suppressed hair regeneration.

Counteracting TGM2 by a Fibroin peptide ameliorated Adriamycin-induced nephropathy via regulation of lipid metabolism through PANX1-PPAR α/PANK1 pathway.

Peptide drug discovery for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has attracted much attention in recent years due to the urge to find novel drugs and mechanisms to delay the progression of the disease. In this study, we identified a novel short peptide (named YR-7, primary sequence 'YEVEDYR') from the natural Fibroin protein, and demonstrated that it significantly alleviated pathological renal changes in ADR-induced nephropathy. PANX1 was identified as the most notably upregulated component by RNA-sequencing.

A Paternò-Büchi Reaction of Aromatics with Quinones under Visible Light Irradiation.

Reported herein is a Paternò-Büchi reaction of aromatic double bonds with quinones under visible light irradiation. The reactions of aromatics with quinones exposed to blue LED irradiation yielded oxetanes at -78 °C, which was attributed to both the activation of double bonds in aromatics and the stabilization of oxetanes by thiadiazole, oxadiazole, or selenadiazole groups. The addition of Cu(OTf) to the reaction system at room temperature resulted in the formation of diaryl ethers via the copper-catalyzed ring opening of oxetanes in situ.

Making Space in Geographical Analysis.

In this commentary we reflect on the potential and power of geographical analysis, as a set of methods, theoretical approaches, and perspectives, to increase our understanding of how space and place matter for . We emphasize key aspects of the field, including accessibility, urban change, and spatial interaction and behavior, providing a high-level research agenda that indicates a variety of gaps and routes for future research that will not only lead to more equitable and aware solutions to local and global challenges, but also innovative and novel research methods, concepts, and data. We close with a set of representation and inclusion challenges to our discipline, researchers, and publication outlets.

Visualizing research trends and identifying hotspots of herbal components for treating cardiovascular diseases: A bibliometric analysis from 2000 to 2023.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the global research trends in herbal medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) from 2000 to 2023. A bibliometric approach was employed to analyze international collaborations, knowledge structures, emerging trends, and research frontiers.

Method: The Web of Science (WOS) core collection was utilized as the database, employing the search formula (((TS = (traditional Chinese medicine)) OR TS = (Chinese herbal medicinal ingredient)) OR TS = (Chinese herbal medicinal constituent)) AND TS = (cardiovascular disease) to conduct the search.